Kukuvadzwa kwemukurumbira kunowanzoita kuti kambani idye mari yakawanda kupfuura faindi yakakonzera, uye muNetherlands izvozvo hazvingoitika netsaona: zvakavakirwa mumutemo. Vakuru vekutarisira vanofanirwa kuburitsa zvisarudzo zvavo zvekumanikidza nemazita, uye mitemo yakasiyana inomanikidza masangano kuzivisa kukundikana kwavo, kubva pakutyorwa kwedata kusvika kuzviitiko zvakakomba zvepaindaneti. Faindi yacho imari yakatarwa, yakarongwa nebhajeti. Chinyorwa ichi ndicho chinoverengwa nevatengi, mabhangi, veinishuwarenzi uye makomiti etender. Chinyorwa ichi chinotsanangura kuti basa rekuburitsa rinobva kupi, zvaunogona kuita nezvazvo zvisati zvaitika, uye kuti ndeapi matanho aripo kana zvinotaurwa nezvako zvikapfuura chokwadi.
Sei kuburitswa kwenyaya iyi, kwete faindi, kuri iko kurangwa chaiko?
Chirango chemari inyaya yakavharwa kana yabhadharwa. Sarudzo yekumanikidza yakaburitswa haisi: inoramba iri online, inonyorwa mu index, uye inowanikwa nemunhu wese anoitsvaga. Izvozvo ndezvemaune. Kuburitswa kunoshandiswa sechishandiso chekutarisira, pachishandiswa dzidziso yekuti kushambadzira maitiro akarurama nekukurumidza kupfuura faindi. Magweta anoti izvi zvinonyadzisa; mhedzisiro pabhizinesi chirango chechipiri chisina munhu akachiyera pachine nguva.
Migumisiro yacho inotevera murairo unofanotaurwa. Vatengi ndivo vanotanga vaita zvinonzwika. Vashandi vanotevera, nekuti mushandirwi akakuvara idambudziko pa curriculum vitae yavo. Ipapo kunouya makambani: mabhanga anodzosera mitengo kana kubvisa zvinhu, mainishuwarenzi anobvunza mibvunzo pakuvandudzwa, vatengesi vanofungazve, uye madhipatimendi ekutenga anoshandisa nzira dzekusabvisa zvinhu izvo zvinogona kukonzereswa nechirango chakaburitswa. Vanoisa mari nevakweretesi vanosvika pekupedzisira asi vanobatwa zvakanyanya, nekuti kukundikana kweveruzhinji kunofungidzirwa senjodzi, kwete sechiitiko.
Hapana chimwe cheizvi chinoonekwa nehuwandu huri paziviso yechirango. Kusawirirana ikoko ndiko dambudziko guru, uye ndosaka mhinduro yesarudzo yekumanikidza ichifanira kurongwa sechiito chepamutemo uye chekutaurirana panguva imwe chete, kubva pane tsamba yekutanga pane mushure mekunge sarudzo yasvika.
Mhedzisiro yekugogodza ine hwaro hwepamutemo
Zvinokwezva kuona mhedzisiro yacho senyaya yemanzwiro. Zvizhinji zvacho hazvisizvo. Chirango chakaburitswa chinopinda zvakananga mumitemo inoshanda kunyangwe paine munhu akatsamwira nezvazvo kana kuti kwete.
Kutenga kweveruzhinji ndiwo muenzaniso wakajeka. Pasi peMutemo wePublic Procurement Act wa2012, nyanzvi yekupa chibvumirano inofanira kubvisa munhu anotenga kana paine mhosva dzemhosva, uye inogona kubvisa munhu akaita zvakaipa zvikuru mubasa rake zvichimupomera mhosva, kana kuti akaratidza zvikanganiso zvakakura kana zvinogara zvichiitika muchibvumirano cheveruzhinji chekare. Sarudzo yekumanikidza yakaburitswa ndiyo mhando yegwaro rinotanga kuongororwa. Mutemo unobvumirawo munhu anotenga kuratidza kuti akatora matanho ekugadzirisa, ndosaka matanho chaiwo aunotora mushure mechiitiko, uye zvinyorwa zvawo, zvine kukosha kwakananga kwekutengeserana.
Kupihwa marezenisi kunoshanda nenzira yakafanana. Pasi peMutemo wePublic Administration Probity in Decision-Making Act (Wet Bibob), sangano rehurumende rinogona kuferefeta kuvimbika kwemunyoreri risati rapa mvumo, rubatsiro kana chibvumirano, uye rinogona kuramba kana kuibvisa kana paine njodzi yakakura yekuti ichashandiswa zvisizvo. Zvirango nemhosva zvakaburitswa chikamu chezvinhu zvinoshandiswa muongororo iyoyo.
Zvibvumirano zvepachivande ndizvo zvinoita zvimwe. Zvibvumirano zvezvivakwa zvine mishumo pamusoro pekutevedzera mitemo uye zviitiko zvekusateerera mutemo; zvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvine kodzero dzekugumisa dzakabatana nekukuvadzwa kwemukurumbira kana kurasikirwa nerezinesi; zvibvumirano zvekutenga masheya zvine vimbiso pamusoro pekutevedzera mitemo iyo kutyora kwayo kunova chikumbiro. Inishuwarenzi yevatungamiriri nevakuru uye marongero einternet ane mabasa ekuzivisa ane nguva pfupi, uye kunonoka kuzivisa chimwe chezvikonzero zvakajairika zvekuti chikumbiro chirambwe. Kuverenga zvikamu izvozvo muvhiki iyo sarudzo inoburitswa kwave vhiki yanonoka; zvinofanira kurongwa pamepu zvisati zvaitika chero chinhu.
Vatongi veDutch vanosungirwa kuburitsa
Panotangira Mutemo weHurumende Yakavhurika (Wet open overheid, Woo), wakatanga kushanda kubva musi wa1 Chivabvu 2022. Chikamu 3.1 cheMutemo iwoyo chinoda kuti masangano ehurumende azivise ruzivo rwavo pese pazvinogoneka, uye zvisarudzo zvekumanikidza zvinowira mukati mawo. Kuburitswa kwemashoko ndiko kusarudzika; kuvanzika ndicho chinhu chinofanira kukakavadzwa.
Vatariri vakati wandei vane basa repamutemo pamusoro pezvo. Pasi pechikamu 1:97 cheMutemo weFinancial Supervision (Wet op het financieel toezicht) iyo Authority for the Financial Markets neDe Nederlandsche Bank vanoburitsa zvisarudzo zvinoisa faindi yekutonga, uye chikamu 1:98 chinotonga kuburitswa kwenhau kana chisarudzo chave chisingadzoreki. Pasi pechikamu 12u cheInstellingswet Autoriteit Consument en Markt iyo Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets inoburitsa zvisarudzo zvayo zvezvirango. Iyo Dutch Data Protection Authority (Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens) inoburitsawo zvisarudzo zvayo, uye vaongorori muminda yechikafu, yehutano nevashandi vanoburitsa mhedzisiro yekuongorora senyaya yechokwadi.
Zvinhu zviviri zviri muhurongwa uhwu zvakakodzera kunzwisisa usati wapinda mahuri. Chekutanga, kuburitswa kwenyaya kunowanzo sanganisira zita rebasa; kusazivikanwa kunogoneka asi kunofanira kururamiswa, kazhinji nekuda kwekuti kuzivikanwa kwacho kwaisazoenzana kana kuti kwaizokanganisa kuferefeta kuri kuenderera mberi. Chechipiri, kuburitswa kwenyaya hakungogumiri pamari yefaindi chete. Zvisarudzo zvinorayira kutevedzera mitemo, uye mune dzimwe nguva zvisarudzo zvekusabhadharisa faindi zvachose, zvinoburitswawo. Sangano rinogara pasi chinyararire richitarisira kudzivirira kuburitswa kwenhau rinowanzo kanganisa nezvezvarakatenga. Nyaya yedu pamusoro pefaindi yekutonga muNetherlands inoratidza kuti maitiro ekuramwa kwemhosva anoshanda sei.
Zvaunogona kuita usati waburitsa chisarudzo
Zvinobatsira kuziva kuti uri papi muhurongwa hwacho. Faira remutongo rinowanzo tanga kubva pakuongorora kana kuferefeta, kuburikidza nemushumo wezvakawanikwa, kusvika pasarudzo yakanyorwa iyo bato riri kubatanidzwa rinogona kutaura maonero aro, uye wozobva waenda kusarudzo yacho pachayo. Kuramba kune vane masimba kunotevera, wobva wakwidza nyaya kudare rekutonga uye, muminda mizhinji, kumwe kukwidza nyaya. Kuburitswa kwenyaya inzira yakasiyana inoenderana neiyo, uye inowanzo svika gakava guru risati rapera. Kubata zvinhu zviviri izvi senzira imwe chete ndiyo chikanganiso chinodhura zvakanyanya.
Ichi ndicho chikamu chemaitiro icho masangano mazhinji anoona kunonoka, uye ndipo panowana gweta mari yavo. Sarudzo yekuburitsa nyaya iyi pachayo chisarudzo chinogona kupikiswa. Hachisi mhedzisiro isingadzivisiki yekurambwa.
Pasi pechikamu 3.1 ndima 3 yeWoo, chiremera chinofanira kutanga chataurira bato rine chekuita nezvarinoda kuburitsa uye chopa mukana wekutaura maonero aro. Chiziviso ichocho, chinotsanangura kuti kuburitswa kuchaitwa kupi, sei uye riini, chinoonekwa sechisarudzo charo chega. Saka kuramba kuri pachena, uye pamwe chete nekuramba chikumbiro chinogona kuendeswa kudare rekutonga pasi pechikamu 8:81 cheGeneral Administrative Law Act (Algemene wet bestuursrecht) cherubatsiro rwechinguvana rwekumisa kuburitswa kusvika kuramba kwasarudzwa.
Hwindo ipfupi, saka kutevedzana kwacho kunokosha kupfuura nharo:
- Shandisa zienswijze. Ino ndiyo nguva yekugadzirisa zvikanganiso zviri muchinyorwa chekunyora, kuratidza kuti tsananguro yemaitiro inopfuura rutsigiro rwezvakawanikwa, uye kutaura kuti kusazivikanwa kwenyaya kana kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvisiyiwe. Kugadziriswa kwakawanikwa pano ndekwechigarire; kugadziriswa kwakaedzwa mushure mezvo hakugari.
- Ramba panguva yakakodzera wobva wakumbira kuti umiswe. Kuramba chete hakumisi kuburitswa kwenyaya. Chikumbiro chekuregererwa kwenguva pfupi pasi pechinyorwa 8:81 Awb ndicho chinoita izvozvo, uye chinofanira kuendeswa mukati menguva iyo chiremera chakati chichamirira.
- Kupokana kusaenzana, kwete kunyara. Matare haamise kuburitswa kwenyaya nekuti kambani haizoda kutaurwa zita rayo. Anoongorora kana kuburitswa kwenyaya kwacho kwakaenzana nekutyorwa kwemutemo, kana zvakanyorwa zvacho zvakarurama, kana zvingakuvadza vanhu vechitatu vakaita sevashandi kana vatengi, uye kana sarudzo yacho ichiripo kuti ipikirwe nepfungwa dzayo.
- Gadzirira mhinduro panguva imwe chete. Ngatitii nyaya yacho ichaburitswa. Mashoko ako mapfupi, akarurama, asingakudzivirire, akaburitswa musi iwoyo, ndiwo anotsanangura zvinodiwa kuti sarudzo yacho iverengerwe.
Imwe pfungwa inorasika nyore nyore. Kana sarudzo chaiyo ikazomiswa gare gare, chinyorwa hachizonyangarike chega. Kumbira zvakananga kuti chigadziriswe uye chibviswe, uye nyora chikumbiro ichocho nekunyora panguva iyoyo.
Kuzivisa kwaunofanira kuita iwe pachako
Vatongi havasi ivo vega vanozivisa pachena zvinhu zvisingadiwe. Mitemo yakawanda inoda kuti masangano azivise kukundikana kwawo, uye nguva dzekushanda hadzikanganwirwi.
Chinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndechekutyorwa kwedata remunhu. Chinyorwa 33 cheGeneral Data Protection Regulation chinoda kuziviswa kuDutch Data Protection Authority pasina kunonoka uye, kana zvichibvira, mukati memaawa makumi manomwe nemaviri mushure mekuziva nezvekutyorwa kwedata. Chinyorwa 34 chinoenderera mberi: apo kutyorwa kwedata kunogona kukonzera njodzi huru kukodzero nerusununguko rwevanhu vanobatanidzwa, zvinofanira kutaurwa zvakananga uye nemutauro wakajeka. Chisungo chechipiri ichocho ndicho chinoshandura chiitiko kuita chiitiko cheveruzhinji, nekuti sangano rinotaurirana nezviuru zvevatengi riri kutaurirana nevezvenhau.
Kubva musi wa15 Nyamavhuvhu 2026, Mutemo weCybersecurity (Cyberbeveiligingswet), uyo unoshandisa NIS2 Directive, unowedzera nzira yakafanana yemasangano akakosha uye akakosha. Inoda kunyoreswa neNational Cyber Security Centre uye mushumo wezviitiko zvakakosha une matanho maviri: yambiro yekutanga mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana uye chiziviso chakazara mukati memaawa makumi manomwe nemaviri. Maitiro maviri aya anopindirana asi haana kufanana, uye chiitiko chinogona kukonzera zvese zviri zviviri. Chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwecyber uye mutoro muNetherlands chinobata nemubvunzo wemutoro unotevera.
Makambani akanyorwa anotarisana nechikamu chechitatu. Pasi pechikamu 17 cheMutemo weKushungurudzwa kweMusika, mupi wemashoko anofanirwa kuburitsa ruzivo rwemukati nekukurumidza sezvinobvira; danho guru rekumanikidza kana kutyorwa kukuru kunogona kukodzera. Kuburitsa mashoko kunogona kunonoka chete kana paine mamiriro akaomarara uye kunonoka kunofanira kunyorwa uye kusimbiswa mushure mezvo. Mugumisiro unoshanda ndewekuti sarudzo yezvekutaura kumusika haigone kuitwa nedhipatimendi rekutaurirana chete.
Nzira yechitatu yekupinda munharaunda yeruzhinji inokosha kuziva nezvayo, nekuti haugone kuidzora uye unogona kungoipesvedzera chete. Chero ani zvake, kusanganisira mutori wenhau kana mukwikwidzi, anogona kukumbira magwaro anochengetwa nesangano rehurumende pasi peWoo, uye mishumo yekuongorora, mafaira ekunyorerana uye ekumanikidza nezvesangano rako zvese zvinogona kunge zviri mukati mehurongwa. Kana chikumbiro chine chekuita neruzivo rwunokukanganisa, chiremera chinofanira kukupa mukana wekutaura maonero ako chisati chasarudza kuiburitsa, uye sarudzo yacho yekuiburitsa inogona zvakare kupikiswa uye kune chikumbiro cherubatsiro rwechinguvana. Ruzivo rwepachivande rwebhizinesi nedata rekugadzira nekutengeserana zvinodzivirirwa pasi peMutemo, asi dziviriro inofanira kushandiswa uye kusimbiswa negwaro negwaro. Kutaura kwakazara kwekuti zvese zvakavanzika kunorambwa nguva dzose.
Kana nyaya pamusoro pako ikasashanda zvakanaka
Kunyora nemazvo nezvesarudzo yekumanikidza yakabudiswa kwakaitwa zviri pamutemo, uye hapana kukuvadza kwekutengeserana kunoiita kuti ive isiri pamutemo. Chinogona kutorwa matanho inyaya inotaura kana kuratidza chimwe chinhu chenhema, inoratidza zvirevo zvisina humbowo sechokwadi chakasimbiswa, kana kuti inokuvadza zvisina basa nenzira yainorongwa nayo.
Nzira yehurumende inopfuura nechikamu 6:162 cheMutemo weVanhu. Dare rinoyera kukomba kwemhosva yacho, rutsigiro rwakapihwa neruzivo panguva yekuburitswa kwayo, nzira yayakapihwa nayo, zvido zveveruzhinji zvakapihwa uye kukuvadzwa kwakakonzerwa. Rusununguko rwekutaura pasi pechikamu 10 cheMusangano weEuropean Convention on Human Rights rwuri kudivi rimwe chete rekuenzanisa uku uye kuchengetedzwa kwerukudzo, mukurumbira uye hupenyu hwepachivande kune rimwe divi; hapana chimwe chazvo chinotanga kukoshesa. Kana kuburitswa kwacho kusina kururama kana kutsausa, chikamu 6:167 cheMutemo weVanhu chinobvumira dare kuraira kugadziriswa, uko kunowanzo kukosha kupfuura kukuvadzwa nekuti kunogadzirisa zvinyorwa kwete kurasikirwa.
Kune nzira yemhosva zvakare. Smaad uye laster, kusvibisa zita uye kuchera, mhosva dziri pasi pechikamu 261 ne262 cheCriminal Code, uye dzese dziri mbiri mhosva dzenyunyuto, zvinoreva kuti kupomerwa mhosva kunowanzo tanga chete kana munhu akakuvadzwa akaisa chikumbiro. Mumakakatanwa ekutengeserana, nzira iyi haiwanzoshanda zvakanaka, asi inochinja matauriro. Gwaro redu rezvekusvibisa zita uye kusvibisa zita rinotsanangura kuti miganhu inotangira kupi.
Nyevero mbiri dzinoshanda. Matanho ekubatsira muparidzi kwenguva pfupi anokurumidza asi ari pachena, uye chikumbiro chinokundikana chinopa rimwe divi nyaya yechipiri; funga izvozvo usati watanga. Uye chikumbiro chinounzwa kuti chidzivise kutsoropodzwa kwakarurama chinowanzoonekwa saizvozvo, nedare uye nevateereri vawaiedza kusvika.
Kubviswa kwemashoko gare gare
Kukuvadzwa kwemukurumbira kune muswe murefu, uye mubvunzo unouya mwedzi gumi nemisere mushure mechiitiko ichi ndewekuti ungabvisa sei zvinhu izvi paindaneti. Hapana kodzero yekukanganwika mupfungwa inofungidzirwa nevanhu, asi kune zvishandiso zvitatu chaizvo.
Chekutanga ikodzero yekudzima pasi pechikamu 17 cheGeneral Data Protection Regulation, iyo inoshanda kune ruzivo rwemunhu uye nekudaro inodzivirira vanhu kwete makambani. Mutungamiriri anotaurwa muchinyorwa chekare anogona kuvimba naro; kambani kazhinji haigone.
Chechipiri kubvisa zita remunhu. Injini yekutsvaga inogona kukumbirwa kubvisa mhinduro yekutsvaga zita remunhu, uye kana ikaramba, Dutch Data Protection Authority kana dare redzimhosva vanogona kukumbirwa kuti varayire. Kuedza uku inzira yekuenzanisa: zera reruzivo, kukomba kwemaitiro, basa remunhu muhupenyu hweveruzhinji uye kuramba kuripo kwezvinhu izvi zvose zvinokosha. Kubvisa zita remunhu hakubvisi kwarinobva; kunobvisa nzira inoshandiswa nevanhu vazhinji kuti variwane.
Chechitatu inyaya yekuburitswa kwemashoko ematare nevatungamiriri pachavo. Kutonga kunoburitswa muchimiro chisingazivikanwe semutemo, uye vatungamiriri vanowanzoshandisa nguva dzavo dzekuchengetedza magwaro pazvisarudzo zvakaburitswa. Kana chisarudzo chakabviswa kana kuti chokwadi chakachinja, chikumbiro chine chikonzero chekubviswa kana kuti chekuwedzera tsamba chinowanzo bvumidzwa, uye hachimbofi chakaitwa.
Panewo mubvunzo wekuti zvinhu zvinogara kwenguva yakareba sei. Vakuru vanoshandisa nguva yekuchengeta pane zvavanoburitsa, uye sarudzo haigari pawebhusaiti nekusingaperi; semuenzaniso, Financial Supervision Act inosiyanisa pakati pekuburitswa kwechisarudzo chisati chagadziriswa nekuburitswa kana chaburitswa. Musiyano iwoyo wakakodzera kutaurwa mu zienswijze, nekuti rugwaro runojekesa kuti chisarudzo chichiri kubvumidzwa kupikiswa runoverengwa zvakasiyana nerusingabvumidzwe. Kana chinyorwa chekare chichiri online mushure mekunge nguva yakakodzera yapera, chikumbiro chakanyorwa chinowanzo gadzirisa, uye chikumbiro chisingawanzoitwa nemunhu.
Kuonekwa kwemunhu mumwe nemumwe: vatungamiriri, mamaneja nevashandi
Mutongo wemagariro evanhu hauwanzogumira pachinhu chacho. Vanhu vatatu vakasiyana vanofanirwa kutaurwa mazita avo.
Mutungamiriri anogona kupomerwa mhosva yekambani pasi pechikamu 2:9 cheCivil Code nekuda kwekuita mabasa zvisina kunaka, uye kune vamwe vanhu pasi pechikamu 6:162 apo munhu anogona kupomerwa mhosva. Mukusakwanisa kubhadhara mari, kurambidzwa kwevatungamiriri vemutemo wehurumende kunowanikwa pasi peBankruptcy Act kana paine kusashanda zvakanaka, uye kurambidzwa ikoko kwakanyoreswa uye kwave pachena.
Vashandi vanoridza nyevero vanodzivirirwa. Mutemo wekudzivirira vanozivisa nezvevashandi (Wet bescherming klokkenmelders) wave kushanda kubvira musi wa18 Kukadzi 2023 uye unoda kuti vashandirwi vane vashandi makumi mashanu kana kupfuura vave nehurongwa hwekutaura mukati; vatori venhau vanodzivirirwa kubva mukudzingwa basa uye kubatwa zvisina kunaka, uye mutoro wekuratidza kuti dambudziko rakanga risina chekuita nemushumo uri pamushandirwi. Sangano rinopindura mushumo nekurwisa mutori wenhau rinoshandura dambudziko rekutevedzera mutemo kuita gakava revashandi uye nyaya yechipiri yenhau.
Chekupedzisira, mushandirwi anodudza kana kupomera mushandi mukutaura pachena nezvechiitiko chiri kuitika ari kugadzirisa ruzivo rwake uye anogona kunge ari kutyora basa rake semushandirwi akanaka panguva imwe chete. Pfungwa yekutsanangura kuti mumwe munhu ndiye aive nemhosva inonzwisisika uye inenge isiriyo nguva dzose.
Zvikumbiro zvekuchengetedza nguva ndiyo nzvimbo iri kukura pari zvino
Zvichemo zvezvakatipoteredza nemagariro evanhu zvave chinhu chiri kukura nekukurumidza chekufumurwa kwemukurumbira mumusika weDutch, uye kusiyana nezvakawanda zvakanyorwa nezvazvo, mamiriro emutemo akajeka zvine musoro. Chirevo chekuchengetedza zvinhu chinotsausa itsika yekutengeserana isina kururama pasi pezvinyorwa 6:193a uye kutevedzera Mutemo weVanhu, uyo unoisa mitemo yeEU patsika dzekutengeserana dzisina kururama. Kana chikumbiro chacho chisina kujeka, chisina humbowo kana kuti chiri chechokwadi chechikamu chidiki chezvigadzirwa, chinogona kutsausa, uye mutoro wekuchisimbisa uri pamutengesi. Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets yakaburitsa gwara pamusoro pezvichemo zvekuchengetedza zvinhu uye yakamanikidza makambani pachikonzero ichi; makwikwi nemapoka ezvido anotongawo zvichemo izvi zvakananga.
Nyaya dzemamiriro ekunze dzinoratidza kuti mukurumbira nemutemo zvinosiyana sei. Muna 2021 dare redunhu muThe Hague rakarayira Shell kuderedza kuburitswa kwecarbon dioxide muboka rayo nechikamu chakatarwa. Musi wa12 Mbudzi 2024 Dare Repamusoro muThe Hague rakabvisa mutemo uyu parutivi, richisimbisa kuti kambani iyi ine basa rekutarisira maererano nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze; kukwidzwa kwenyaya kuDare Repamusorosoro kuri kumirira. Saka mhedzisiro yemutemo yakasanganiswa uye haisi yekupedzisira, asi mutongo weveruzhinji wakapihwa muna 2021 uye hausati wagadziriswazve kubvira ipapo. Musiyano uripo pakati pemutongo nenyaya iyi ndiwo chaiwo unotsanangurwa nemutongo wevanhu. Kuongorora kwedu mutongo munyaya yemamiriro ekunze yakanangana naShell kunoratidza chikonzero chakazara.
Kuderedza kuratidzwa kwechirwere usati waona chero chinhu chinoitika
Kudzivirira munyaya iyi hakusi nyaya yetsika dzevanhu. Inyaya yekuziva, chiitiko chisati chaitika, kuti ndiani anosarudza chii uye mukati menguva yakatarwa.
Zvinhu zvina zvinoita mutsauko. Ziva kuti ndezvipi zvinosungirwa kushuma zvinoshanda kusangano rako uye kuti wachi yacho inoshanda papi, nekuti maawa makumi manomwe nemaviri mapfupi uye maawa makumi maviri nemana mapfupi. Iva nenzira yekutaura yemukati inoshanda uye iyo vanhu vanoivimba nayo, zvese nekuti Mutemo weKudzivirira Vanyori ungada izvozvo uye nekuti mushumo wemukati ndiyo nzira yakachipa yekunyevera nekukurumidza iripo. Ita shuwa kuti gwaro rekutanga rechirevo chekunze rinoverengwa negweta, sezvo chirevo cheveruzhinji chinogona kukonzera mhosva, chinogona kuita sekubvuma uye chinogona kupesana nezvakaudzwa kune mutongi. Uye sarudza pachine nguva kuti ndiani anotaura, kuitira kuti mhinduro isangogadzirwa pazuva iroro.
Kana chiitiko chikaitika, kurongeka kunoshanda hakuchinji: gadzirisa dambudziko, simbisa chokwadi usati wataura nezvazvo, sangana nenguva yakatarwa yekuzivisa, bvuma zvinozivikanwa usingafungidzire nezvezvisiri, uye tsanangura zvakajeka zvakachinjwa. Kunyarara kunoita sekunge kuvanza nekufungidzira zvinogadzira nyaya yechipiri; nzira yepakati yakamanikana asi ndiyo yega inochengetedza.
Mutongo wevanhu pamwe nekukuvara kwemukurumbira
Mutongo wemagariro evanhu wakasiyana sei nepfungwa dzisina kunaka dzepabonde?
Kunyange zvazvo zvingaita sezvinei, zvakasiyana zvachose. PR yakaipa inowanzova chiitiko chimwe chete chisina kunaka—nhau dzisina kunaka dzinozopedzisira dzanyangarika mundangariro dzeveruzhinji. Mutongo wevanhu, kune rumwe rutivi, ishanduko huru mumaonero everuzhinji. Unova chikamu chechigarire chenyaya yekambani yako, uchichinja zvakanyanya kuti vatengi, vadyidzani, uye kunyange vashandi vako vanokuona kwenguva refu sei. Unogona kufunga nezvazvo nenzira iyi: PR yakaipa idutu raunokunda. Mutongo wevanhu unoshandura mamiriro ese ezvinhu. Wakadzika mukurasikirwa kwakadzika kwekuvimbana kwakaoma uye kwakaoma kugadzirisa.
Bhizinesi diki rinogona kutambura here nekurangwa munharaunda?
Zvechokwadi. Kutaura zvazviri, mabhizinesi madiki nepakati anogona kutonyanya kuva panjodzi. Kambani hombe inowanzova nezviwanikwa zvekutora mukurumbira wayo - mari yakawanda yakachengetwa, uto rePR rakazvipira, uye makore ekuzivikanwa kwechiratidzo chebhizinesi. Zvisinei, kambani yeSME inowanzovimba zvakanyanya nekuvimba kwenharaunda yayo uye vatengi vakavimbika. Kwavari, mutongo wevanhu unogona kuva unoparadza. Kurasikirwa nevatengi vashoma kana kukuvadza mukurumbira wemunharaunda kunogona kukurumidza kuva njodzi. Chinhu chikuru chemutongo wevanhu kutyora kuvimbana. Kuchinja uku kuri kwese uye kunogona kukanganisa chero sangano, zvisinei nehukuru hwaro kana indasitiri. Kune bhizinesi remunharaunda, mugumisiro wacho unogona kunzwa sewemunhu uye wepakarepo.
Zvinokwanisika here kupora zvizere kubva mujeri renzanga?
Inzira refu, asi hongu, kupora kunogoneka—kunyange zvazvo zvisingambovimbiswi. Zvinoda kuzvipira kwakasimba uye kwechokwadi pakuvakazve kuvimbana kunopfuura kukumbira ruregerero kubva kuvatori venhau. Kupora kwechokwadi kunoreva kuva nechivimbo pachena, kuratidza kuzvidavirira kuburikidza nezviito chaizvo, uye kuchinja maitiro akakonzera dambudziko pakutanga. Iyi haisi mhinduro yekukurumidza. Maitiro aya anosanganisira matanho akati wandei akakosha: Kujeka Kwakajeka: Kutaura pachena zvakakanganisika uye chaizvo zvauri kuita kuti zvigadziriswe. Hapana kufukidza shuga.; Shanduko Inoratidzwa: Kuisa mitemo mitsva, kushandura hutungamiriri, kana kugadzirisa tsika dzekambani kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti hazvigone kuitika zvakare.; Kugara Nguva Refu: Kuratidza kuburikidza nezviito zvako, kwenguva yakareba, kuti shanduko dzacho ndedzechokwadi uye dzinogara kwenguva refu. Mashoko haana basa; maitiro akafanana, ane hunhu hwakanaka ndiwo anovakazve kuvimbana.
Dambudziko riri kutanga. Chii chandinofanira kutanga kuita?
Bvuma dambudziko racho. Riite nekukurumidza, uye riite nemwoyo wese. Kunyarara kana kuramba chinhu chinonyanya kuipa; vanhu vanochitsanangura sekuzvikudza, mhosva, kana zvese zviri zviviri, uye zvinongowedzera moto. Chirevo chako chekutanga chinoisa pfungwa pane zvese zvinotevera. Kutaurirana uku kwekutanga kunofanirwa kuratidza kuti uri kutora mutoro, kuratidza tsitsi kune chero ani zvake akabatwa, uye kutsanangura muchidimbu matanho auri kutora kuti uongorore uye ugadzirise dambudziko racho. Kuzeza muvengi wako; kubvuma nekukurumidza, kwechokwadi, uye kwemutoro ndiyo danho rako rekutanga rakanakisa mukuderedza 'mutongo wemagariro': apo kukuvara kwemukurumbira kunorwadza kupfuura faindi.
Chii chinorehwa neshoko rekuti "mutongo wevanhu"?
Zvinoreva mutongo unogara kwenguva refu uyo kambani kana munhu anotarisana nawo kana mhosva yazivikanwa, pamusoro pechero faindi yepamutemo. MuNetherlands mutongo iwoyo unowanzo tungamirwa nedare pacharo, nekuti zvisarudzo zvekumanikidza zvinoburitswa nezita pasi peOpen Government Act uye pasi pemitemo yechikamu yakaita seFinancial Supervision Act neInstellingswet ACM. Kusiyana nechirango chemari, icho chiri mutengo wenguva imwe chete, une muganho, mutongo wemagariro evanhu chirango chisina kurongeka, chinoenderera mberi chinopihwa mudare remaonero everuzhinji.
Sei kukuvara kwezita kuchigona kuipa kupfuura chirango chemari?
Chirango chemari mutengo unoverengerwa unogona kuverengerwa bhajeti uye, kana wabhadharwa, unovharwa zviri pamutemo. Kukuvadzwa kwemukurumbira hakugone kufungidzirwa uye kunogona kukanganisa kuvimba kweveruzhinji, kuvimbika kwevatengi uye kuvimbika kwechiratidzo kwenguva refu mushure mekunge chirango chagadziriswa.
Pane muenzaniso chaiwo weizvi muNetherlands here?
Ehe, maitiro ehurumende panyaya yerubatsiro rwevana (toeslagenaffaire) pakati pa2013 na2019 muenzaniso unokosha, apo kukuvara kwemukurumbira uye kurasikirwa nekuvimba kweveruzhinji mumasangano ehurumende kwakaonekwa sekukuru kupfuura mari yekubhadhara yaishandiswa.
Kusvibisa zita uye kunyomba zvine chekuita sei nekusawirirana pamusoro pemukurumbira?
Pfungwa idzi dzemutemo dzinowanzova pakati pemakakatanwa everuzhinji pamusoro pekukuvadza mukurumbira, sezvo dzichitonga kana chirevo pamusoro pemunhu kana kambani chikava chiito chisiri pamutemo pasi pechikamu 6:162 cheCivil Code, kana mhosva dzemhosva dzesmaad nelaster pasi pechikamu 261 ne262 cheCriminal Code. Dare rinoyera rusununguko rwekutaura nekudzivirira kukudzwa nemukurumbira pane chokwadi chenyaya yega yega, uye chikamu 6:167 cheCivil Code chinoibvumidza kuraira kugadziriswa.
Law and More inopa mazano kumakambani nevatungamiriri vari kutarisana nedanho rekumanikidza mutemo uye kuziviswa kwaro: kupindura maneja usati watora danho, kuramba kuburitswa kwemutemo uye kukumbira rubatsiro rwechinguvana, kusangana nezvisungo zvekuzivisa pasi peGDPR neCybersecurity Act, uye kuita zvinopesana nezvinyorwa zvinopfuura chokwadi. Kana sarudzo pamusoro pesangano renyu yava kuda kuburitswa, kana kuti yakamboburitswa, taurai nesu nekukurumidza; sarudzo dzinokurumidza kuderera kana dzangove online.
