Kurenda imba kwenguva pfupi muDutch kunonyanya kutungamirirwa nemutemo weveruzhinji, uye nekanzuru kwete nepuratifomu. Kurenda imba yevashanyi kunoibvisa mudzimba, izvo zvinorambidzwa neHousing Act 2014 nekanzuru pasina mvumo, uye maguta mazhinji akawedzera nhamba yekunyoresa, mutero wekuzivisa werendi yega yega uye muganho wehuwandu hwehusiku. Pamusoro pezvo kunouya omgevingsplan, iyo inosarudza kana kushandiswa kweimba kwakafanana nehotera kuchibvumidzwa pakero iyoyo zvachose.
Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura mitemo yekurenda kwenguva pfupi inoshanda muNetherlands: ndeipi hurumende inotonga zvinotarisirwa nekanzuru, zvingadiwa nekanzuru, mashandiro anoita mitemo uye zvaunogona kuita kana wabhadhariswa faindi, uye kuti chinzvimbo ndechei kana uri muroja kwete muridzi. Mitemo yesangano revaridzi vedzimba inyaya yakasiyana, inokurukurwa munyaya yedu pamusoro pekurenda kwenguva pfupi uye sangano revaridzi vedzimba.
Kwakabva mitemo
Mitemo mina inoshanda panguva imwe chete, uye kutevedzera mumwe hakurevi chinhu nezveimwe. Chekutanga iMutemo weHousing Act 2014 (Huisvestingswet 2014), uyo unopa manisipali simba rekuchengetedza dzimba, uye kubvira 2021, seti chaiyo yezvishandiso zvekurenda vashanyi. Chechipiri iomgevingsplan, chishandiso chekuronga masunisipali pasi peMutemo weEnvironment and Planning, uyo unosarudza basa rinobvumirwa repfuma. Chechitatu mutemo wega wega: rendi yako, mamiriro ako emortgage, inishuwarenzi yako uye, muchivako chemafurati, gwaro redhivhisheni nemitemo yesangano. Chechina iEuropean: Regulation (EU) 2024/1028 pamusoro pekuunganidza nekugovana data zvine chekuita nemabasa ekurenda pekugara kwenguva pfupi, ayo akashanda kubva 20 Chivabvu 2026 uye anoenzanisa nhamba dzekunyoresa nekugovana data nemapuratifomu mumusika wese wemukati.
Mugumisiro unoshanda ndewekuti hapana mhinduro imwe chete yenyika yekuti ungarenda imba yako muNetherlands here kana kuti kwete. Mhinduro yacho inoenderana nekanzuru, kero uye kodzero yako yeimba. Chinotevera ndechekuti hurongwa hwaunoda kuti ubvunze mubvunzo wakakodzera iwe pachako.
Kubvisa imba kubva mudzimba
Nzvimbo yekutanga muMutemo weDzimba wa2014 ndeyekuchengetedzwa kwedzimba. Pasi pechikamu 21 cheMutemo iwoyo, kanzuru yemuguta inogona kusarudza mapoka edzimba dzisingabviswe kubva mudzimba, dzakabatanidzwa, dzashandurwa kana kupatsanurwa kuita dzimba dzakasiyana pasina mvumo. Kana kanzuru yashandisa simba iroro mumutemo wayo wedzimba (huisvestingsverordening), kubvumidza imba yakatarwa yevashanyi kunoonekwa sekubviswa mudzimba, nekuti pfuma yacho haichawanikwe senzvimbo yekugara zvachose.
Ndosaka kukwereta zororo kuri pamutemo kwete kodzero. Matunhu anobvumidza izvi anoita izvi nekuisa mumutemo mamiriro ezvinhu asingadiwi mvumo yekubvisirwa: kazhinji huwandu hwehusiku pagore, huwandu hwevaenzi panguva imwe chete, chinodiwa chekuti muridzi weimba ave neimba yake huru yekugara, uye chisungo chekuzivisa rendi yega yega. Renda imba kupfuura mamiriro iwayo uye wadzoka muhurongwa hwemvumo, uye mvumo yekubvisirwa haibvumirwi nyore nyore mumaguta ane kushomeka kwedzimba.
Nhamba yekunyoresa, chiziviso uye mvumo
Sezvo Mutemo wekurenda dzimba dzevashanyi wakawedzerwa kuMutemo weHousing Act 2014 muna 2021, makhansila ane zvibvumirano zvitatu zvavanogona kushandisa mumutemo wavo wedzimba, zvichikwira zvakanyanya. Chekutanga ibasa rekunyoresa: chikamu 23a cheMutemo chinoita kuti zvive mhosva kupa imba yekurenda dzimba dzevashanyi pasina kutaura nhamba yekunyoresa mukushambadzira kwese. Nhamba yacho inopihwa nekhansila uye inoratidza kero, izvo zvinoita kuti kusimbiswa kwemutemo kukwanisike.
Chechipiri ibasa rekuzivisa: munhu wega wega anofanira kuziviswa kumasipala, pachine nguva, kuitira kuti dare rigone kuverenga husiku hunoshandiswa. Chechitatu chinodiwa chemvumo yekurenda vashanyi, icho kanzuru inogona kuisa kana kumanikidzwa kwedzimba kuchiratidza chikonzero. Kanzuru inogona kusanganisa izvi, uye inogona kuisa huwandu hwakanyanya hwehusiku pagore rega rega uye huwandu hwakanyanya hwevaenzi. Amsterdam Muenzaniso wakaoma: rendi yezororo yeimba yese parizvino inogumira pahusiku makumi matatu pagore nevashanyi vana chete, pamwe chete nenhamba yekunyoresa uye chiziviso cherendi yega yega. Nhamba idzodzo dzakaiswa mumutemo wekanzuru uye dzinogona kuchinjwa nekanzuru, saka tarisa rugwaro rwemutemo rwazvino rwekanzuru ine chekuita nekanzuru pane kuvimba netsananguro yakajairika.
Mapuratifomu chikamu chehurongwa hwekumanikidza kwete chevanhu varipo. Pasi pemutemo weEuropean Regulation, puratifomu yepamhepo inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti nhamba yekunyoresa yaratidzwa uye, kana yakumbirwa, kuisimbisa zvichienderana nedata rechiremera chine hunyanzvi, uye inofanira kugovera data rekubhuka nenyika iri nhengo kuburikidza nenzvimbo imwe chete yedhijitari. Rondedzero isina nhamba inoshanda inogona kubviswa. Mukuita izvi zvinoreva kuti nhamba inoburitswa nekanzuru, kwete account yepuratifomu, ndiyo inoita kuti rondedzero ive pamutemo.
Ko omgevingsplan inobvumira kushandiswa uku here?
Nhamba yekunyoresa haitauri chinhu nezvemutemo wekuronga. Pasi peMutemo weEnvironment and Planning Act, uyo wakatsiva mapurani ekare ekugadza nzvimbo musi wa1 Ndira 2024, kanzuru yega yega ine hurongwa humwe hunopa mabasa kunzvimbo. Kana chiitiko ichi chiri kugara (chichiwanikwa), kukweretesa kwebhizinesi kune vanotevedzana kwevashanyi kunogona kuita sekushandiswa kwakasiyana, sekunge kumhanyisa mubhedha nekudya kwekuseni kana hotera. Mamwe mapurani anobvumidza zvakajeka rudzi rwakaganhurirwa rwekurenda kwezororo kana mubhedha nekudya kwekuseni mukati mechiitiko chekugara; mamwe haadaro.
Kana kushandiswa kwacho kusingakodzeri, nzira yacho inokumbira mvumo yenzvimbo uye yekuronga chiitiko chinotsauka kubva kuchirongwa cheomgevingsplan, icho mukuru wekanzuru anosarudza. Ichi chisarudzo chekusarudza, chinoyerwa zvichienderana nekugoverwa kwakaringana kwemabasa kunzvimbo, uye munzvimbo dzine kushomeka kwedzimba chinowanzorambwa. Zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha kucherechedza: kusimbiswa kwekurongwa kunogona kukonzerwa nechikumbiro chemuvakidzani chekusimbiswa, icho chiremera chinosungirwa kuita, uye mitemo yekuronga inosunga pfuma, saka muridzi mutsva anogara nhaka dambudziko.
Kutevedzwa kwemutemo: faindi, mirairo uye maitiro ekupindura
Kutevedzwa kwemutemo kuri mumaoko emukuru wekanzuru, uye kune mhando mbiri dzakasiyana dzechishandiso. Murairo unobhadhariswa chirango (chekupedzisira mushure me dwangsom) unofanirwa kumisa maitiro acho: unokuraira kuti urege kukwereta uye unogadza mari inobhadharwa pakutyora kwega kwega kana kuti vhiki yega yega mamiriro acho ezvinhu anoenderera mberi. Faini yekutonga pasi peMutemo weDzimba wa2014 inoranga: inoranga zvakatoitika, uye mari yacho yakaiswa mumutemo wekanzuru, nemitero yakakwira yemhosva dzinodzokororwa uye yekushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwekutengeserana. Zvese zvinogona kunangidzirwa kune chero ani zvake akabvisa imba kubva mudura remba, angave muridzi asi zvakafanana nemurendi akaidzosa.
Nekuti faindi yacho inorangwa, dziviriro dzinoenderana nemhosva yemhosva dzinoshanda. Kanzuru ine mutoro wekuratidza kuti imba iyi yakabvumidzwa pamazuva aya, uye inofanira kuita izvozvo zvichibva pauchapupu hunomira: data repuratifomu, mishumo nezvakaonekwa, kupihwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha, zvirevo. Hamusungirwi kushandira pamwe mukurangwa kwenyu, uye tsananguro inopiwa nekukurumidza pamusuwo inowanzova humbowo hwakasimba hunopikisa mugamuchiri. Torai mazano musati mapindura kumushumo wezvakawanikwa.
Maitiro acho ndeaya eGeneral Administrative Law Act. Une mavhiki matanhatu kubva pazuva rakasarudzwa kuti upe chiziviso chekuramba kudare, wozotevera mavhiki matanhatu ekukwirira kudare redunhu uchipikisa chisarudzo chekuramba, uye mushure meizvozvo imwe nyaya inokwidzwa kuDare reHurumende reHurumende. Kupotsa nguva yemavhiki matanhatu kunowanzo uraya, saka nyora pasi zuva rasvika chisarudzo. Kana muripo wechirango watoitwa, sarudzo yakasiyana yekudzoserwa inotevera, ine nguva yayo yekuramba.
Kana uri mugari wemba: subletting uye Airbnb
Varidzi vemba vanotarisana nemutemo wakaoma kupfuura varidzi, uye unowanzo furatirwa. Chinyorwa 7:244 cheMutemo weVanhu chinoti mugari wemba haana kodzero yekupa imba yacho, yese kana kuti chikamu chayo, kuti ishandiswe neimwe. Pane chimwe chinhu chakasiyana: mugari wemba ine imba yake huru ipapo anogona kupa chikamu chayo kuti chishandiswe. Kupa imba yese kuvaenzi, kunyangwe kwevhiki, hazvienderane nezvingaitwa nemugari, chero zvinotaurwa nerendi uye chero zvinobvumirwa nekanzuru.
Migumisiro yacho yakanyanya kuipa. Varidzi vemba, uye makambani edzimba dzevanhu, vanotora rendi yezororo isina mvumo sekutyora mutemo mukuru uye vanokumbira dare kuti ribvise rendi yorayira kuti vanhu vadzingwe; matare anogara achibvumira izvozvo, kunyanya kana rendi yacho yaive yekutengeserana uye ichidzokororwa. Pamusoro pezvo, muridzi wemba anogona kutora purofiti yakawanikwa kubva murendi sekukuvara, saka mari yacho haigare nemurendi. Wedzera faindi yekanzuru pamusoro uye kupera kwevhiki kushoma kwekurenda kunova chiitiko chinodhura zvikuru. Kana uri murendi uchifunga izvi, nzira chete yakachengeteka ndeyemvumo yakanyorwa kubva kumuridzi wemba pachine nguva, uye kunyangwe zvakadaro mitemo yekanzuru ichiri kushanda. Ongororo yedu yekodzero dzemurendi muNetherlands inoratidza hurongwa hwakakura.
Imwe pfungwa ine chekuita nevaenzi. Kurenda imba kwenguva pfupi hakuenderani nemitemo inodzivirira dzimba dzekugara pasi pechikamu 7:232 cheCivil Code, ndosaka mushanyi chaiye asingawani kuchengetedzwa kwekugara kwenguva refu. Musiyano iwoyo unoshandiswa zvishoma: unotarisa rudzi rwekushandiswa, nzira iyo imba yacho yakashongedzwa uye inotengeswa nayo uye urefu hwekugara, kwete pane label iri pachibvumirano. Chibvumirano chekugara kwenguva pfupi chinoshandiswa kugara munhu kwemwedzi yakawanda chingangove chekugara kwenguva pfupi, nedziviriro yese inosanganisira, kusanganisira mitemo yakaunzwa neAffordable Rent Act.
Kana uri muridzi wemba: mortgage, inishuwarenzi uye sangano
Varidzi vane zvirambidzo zvavo zviri kunze kwemutemo weveruzhinji. Mazhinji emagwaro edzimba ane chikamu chekurenda (huurbeding) chakavakirwa pachikamu 3:264 cheCivil Code, icho pasi pacho pfuma isingabvumirwe kurenda pasina mvumo yemukweretesi; kurenda kwenguva pfupi yekutengeserana kunowanzobatwa nako, uye kutyorwa kwemutemo ichikonzero chekuti mukweretesi aite chimwe chinhu. Inishuwarenzi yemba ndiyo musungo wechipiri: mapolisi mazhinji ezvivakwa nezviri mukati haasanganisire kukuvara kunokonzerwa nevaenzi vanobhadhara, kana kuti anoda kuziviswa kwekushandiswa kwebhizinesi, saka chikumbiro mushure mekupera kwevhiki kwakaipa chinogona kurambwa chaizvo kana zvichikosha.
Muchivako chemafurati, gwaro redhivhisheni nemitemo yesangano ndiyo inosarudza kana kukwereta kwenguva pfupi kuchibvumidzwa, uye sangano rinogona kutevedzera mitemo yaro risingatenderwi nekanzuru. Mutemo iwoyo wakanyorwa zvakasiyana munyaya yedu pamusoro pekurenda kwenguva pfupi uye sangano revaridzi vedzimba . Kurongeka kwekutarisa ndekwekuti: gwaro redhivhisheni nemitemo yesangano kutanga, tevere gwaro remutemo wekanzuru negwaro reomgevingsplan, tevere gwaro rechikwereti neinishuwarenzi. Chero chimwe chazvo chinogona kuita kuti chirongwa ichi chisakwanise.
Mutero wevashanyi nemari inowanikwa
Matunhu anogona kubhadharisa mutero wevashanyi pakugara kwehusiku hwese nevanhu vasina kunyoreswa sevagari, uye munhu anopa pekugara ndiye anowanzo ongororwa, kana puratifomu yacho ichitora kana kwete. Mitengo nemitemo zvinosiyana padunhu rega rega uye zvinoiswa gore rega rega mumutemo wemitero wemunharaunda, saka tora kubva kuguta pacharo. Mari yaunowana, uye mubvunzo wekuti basa rekubvumidza rinopinda mubhizinesi here kana kuti rinotora VAT, inyaya yemupi wezano wemitero; hatipe mazano emitero uye tichakutumira kune imwe nyaya inoda izvozvo. Chatinosimbisa ndechekuti chinzvimbo chemitero uye chinzvimbo chemutemo wedzimba zvakazvimirira: kubhadhara mutero wevashanyi hakuiti kuti rendi isiri pamutemo ive pamutemo, uye nhamba yekunyoresa haigadzirise chinzvimbo chako chemitero.
Zvekutarisa usati wanyora pasi
Tanga nekero kwete nepuratifomu. Tarisa mutemo wekugara wekanzuru uripo iye zvino woona kana nhamba yekunyoresa, chiziviso uye mvumo zvichidikanwa, uye kuti huwandu hwakanyanya hwehusiku nevaenzi ndehupi. Wobva watarisa chirongwa cheomgevingsplan kuti uwane nzvimbo yacho. Wobva waverenga magwaro ako pachako: rendi kana uchirenda, gwaro remutemo wedhivhisheni nesangano kana uine imba, gwaro rechikwereti chemba uye inishuwarenzi. Ipapo ndipo pazvinenge zvine musoro kugadzira rondedzero.
Chengeta zvinyorwa kubva pakutanga. Chengeta magwaro ese ekubhadhara, chengeta zviziviso zvawakaisa, uye chengeta tsamba dzakapihwa mvumo. Kana mutemo ukatevera, faira iroro ndiro rinosarudza nyaya yacho, nekuti gakava rinowanzo kuve rekuti vangani vakakwereta uye naani. Uye kana ukagamuchira mushumo wezvakawanikwa, sarudzo yakarongwa kana faindi, pindura mukati menguva yakatarwa uye tora zano usati watsanangura chero chinhu: faindi yekutonga yerudzi urwu chirango chekurangwa, uye kanzuru inofanira kuratidza kuti yakamira sei.
Law & More inopa mazano kune varidzi, vanoroja, vanoisa mari nemasangano evaridzi vedzimba nezvemitemo yekurenda kwenguva pfupi muNetherlands: mutemo wedzimba uye hurongwa hwekunyoresa nekupa mvumo, nzvimbo yekuronga imba, zvipikiso nekukwirira pamusoro pemari yefaindi nemirairo yechirango, uye kusawirirana nevaridzi vedzimba kana masangano. Kana uchida kuti mamiriro ako ezvinhu aongororwe usati warenda, kana kuti wakatarisana nekumanikidzwa kwemutemo, yedu real estate law team pa Law & More anofara kubatsira.
