Mushandi anorwara kana kuti anorega basa akanyarara: mutsetse mutete mumutemo webasa weDutch

Pasi pemutemo webasa wekuDutch, musiyano uripo pakati pemushandi anorwara neasina basa hausarudzwi nemushandirwi. Kusakwanisa kushanda (arbeidsongeschiktheid) mutongo wekurapa unogona kupihwa nachiremba wekambani chete (bedrijfsarts), uye unotanga kuenderera mberi kwemuhoro pasi pechinyorwa 7:629 cheDutch Civil Code, maitiro ekudzoserwa muhukama uye kurambidzwa kudzingwa basa. Kurega basa chinyararire maitiro, kwete mamiriro ezvinhu: hazvina mvumo yepamutemo uye zvinofanirwa kunge zviri mukutonga mashandiro.

Mutsetse mutete pakati pekurwara nekusabatanidzwa nevamwe

Mamiriro ezvinhu maviri aya anogona kufanana kubva padhesiki remaneja. Kubuda kwebasa kunoderera, kutanga basa kunonyangarika, mushandi anova akaoma kusvika kwaari, uye kusavapo kunowedzera kuwanda. Chinoparadzanisa izvi ndicho chikonzero, uye chikonzero ndicho chinosarudza kuti ndeipi mitemo inoshanda. Kana ukakanganisa kune rimwe divi womanikidza mushandi anorwara zvechokwadi, wotyora mutero wekuenderera mberi kwemuhoro womupa chikumbiro; kana ukakanganisa kune rimwe divi wobhadhara mari yemakore maviri yekurwara kune mumwe munhu aikwanisa kushanda kwenguva yese.

Mutemo unogadzirisa matambudziko mazhinji wakajeka: chero chaunofungidzira, unotevedzera maitiro ekurwara. Maonero emushandirwi nezvehutano hwemumwe munhu haana huremu hwepamutemo, uye kuita chimwe chinhu pamusoro pekufungira chiremba wekambani asati aongorora mushandi ndicho chikanganiso chimwe chete chinodhura zvakanyanya munharaunda iyi. Kufungira hakuna basa, asi ndekwefaira rakasiyana, rakavakirwa pakushanda kwakanyorwa, uye rinogadziriswa mushure mekunge mubvunzo wekurapa wapindurwa.

Zvinonyatsosiyanisa mutemo

Kurwara maererano nechikamu 7:629 cheCivil Code zvinoreva kudziviswa kuita basa rakabvumiranwa nekuda kwekurwara. Imamiriro ezvinhu asingadiwi, anoongororwa zvichienderana nemiganhu yekushanda kwete kuongororwa, uye anouya nebasa kumativi ese ekushandira kuti adzoke. Kurega basa isarudzo. Mushandi anoita chaizvo zvinodiwa nechibvumirano uye asingazoparadzi chibvumirano nekuda kweizvozvo chete, nekuti murairo wemushandirwi pasi pechikamu 7:660 cheCivil Code unoshanda kune mirairo inonzwisisika mukati mebasa, kwete kuedza kusina muganho.

Ndosaka kurega basa chinyararire kuri dambudziko rehutungamiriri rine muswe wepamutemo kwete dambudziko repamutemo pacharo. Zvinova zvakakosha pamutemo kana mashandiro akaderera pane zvinodiwa nechibvumirano, kana mirairo ikarambidzwa, kana kana maitiro acho akaita sekunge akanganisa hukama hwebasa.

Zvikwereti zvinofanirwa nemushandirwi kana achirwara

Mushumo wechirwere unotanga kushanda kwemutemo. Chinyorwa 7:629 cheCivil Code chinomanikidza mushandirwi kuramba achibhadhara mari inosvika makumi manomwe muzana yemuhoro kwemavhiki anosvika zana nemana, uye mukati memavhiki makumi mashanu nemaviri ekutanga muripo wacho ungasave pasi pemuhoro wepasi wepamutemo. Zvibvumirano zvakawanda zvevashandi pamwe chete zvinovandudza pane izvi, kazhinji kusvika pamubhadharo wakazara mugore rekutanga uye makumi manomwe muzana mugore rechipiri; chibvumirano kana chibvumirano chemunhu wega wega ndicho chinosarudza. Mutemo unobvumidzawo kusvika kumazuva maviri ekumirira pakutanga kwenguva yekusakwanisa kushanda, chero bedzi zvabvumiranwa.

Pamwe chete nemari iyi pane mabasa ekudzorera vashandi pamwe chete pasi peMutemo weEligibility for Permanent Invalidity Benefit (Restrictions) Act, unozivikanwa zvikuru seWet verbetering poortwachter, uye vanomhanya nekarenda yakatarwa. Kusavapo kunoziviswa kubazi rezvehutano hwebasa muvhiki yekutanga. Chiremba wekambani anonyora ongororo yedambudziko panosvika vhiki yechitanhatu. Mushandirwi nemushandi vanobvumirana kuronga nzira (plan van aanpak) mukati memavhiki masere kubva pazuva rekutanga rekurwara, uye vanoongorora kanenge mavhiki matanhatu ega ega. Muvhiki yemakumi mana nemaviri mushandirwi anozivisa Employee Insurance Agency (UWV). Panosvika gore rekutanga mapato anoita ongororo yegore rekutanga, inova nguva yekusarudza kana kudzokera kubazi pamwe nemumwe mushandirwi, nzira yechipiri, inofanira kutanga. Mushure memavhiki zana nemana mushandi anonyorera rubatsiro pasi peMutemo weWork and Income (Capacity for Work), unotsigirwa nefaira rekudzorera vashandi pamwe chete.

Chirango chekuregeredza maitiro iwayo chakakomba uye chinoshandiswa mukuita. Kana UWV ikagumisa kuti mushandirwi haana kuita zvese zvinodiwa pakudzoserwa kumabasa, inoisa chirango chemuhoro: chisungo chekuramba uchibhadhara mihoro chinowedzerwa kusvika kumavhiki makumi mashanu nemaviri, uye kurambidzwa kudzingwa basa kunowedzerwa pamwe chete nacho. Chirango chemuhoro chega chega chinoteverwa kufaira rakanga risina kusimba pane remushandirwi asina kuita chinhu; magwaro acho ndiwo ekudzivirira.

Kurambidzwa kudzingwa, uye miganhu yayo

Mumakore maviri ekutanga ekusakwanisa kushanda, mushandirwi haafanire kugumisa chibvumirano chebasa nekuzivisa. Kurambidzwa ikoko hakusi kwakakwana. Hazvishande kana mushandi akabvuma kugumisa chibvumirano chekugadzirisa (vaststellingsovereenkomst), apo chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chinongopera, panguva yekuedzwa, pakudzingwa basa nekuda kwechikonzero chekukurumidzira, pakudzingwa basa pazera repenjeni, kana apo kurwara kwakatanga chete mushure mekunge UWV yagamuchira chikumbiro chekudzingwa basa. Panewo musiyano apo mabasa ebasa akamiswa zvachose, kunyangwe musiyano iwoyo uchitsanangurwa zvishoma uye usingafukidze kuvharwa kwedhipatimendi rimwe chete.

Zvimwe zvinhu zviviri zvinokosha. Kurambidzwa uku kunodzivisa kudzingwa basa panguva yekurwara; hakurambidzi kudzingwa basa nekuda kwechikonzero chisina chekuita nekurwara kana makore maviri apfuura kana kana basa rapera nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero chepamutemo. Uye muripo wekuchinja (transitievergoeding) pasi pechinyorwa 7:673 cheCivil Code unofanirwa kubhadharwa kubva pazuva rekutanga rebasa, saka unobhadharwa pakudzingwa basa mushure mekusakwanisa kushanda kwenguva refu zvakare, uye muripo unowanikwa kumushandirwi kubva kuUWV pasi pechirongwa chemamiriro ezvinhu iwayo.

Ongororo yedu yekodzero dzekurwara kwevashandi inotsanangura chinzvimbo chemushandi, uye zvinosungirwa nemushandi panguva yekurwara zvinotarisirwa zvakasiyana.

Kumisa nekumisa mari yemushandi anorwara hazvisi chinhu chimwe chete

Apa ndipo panowanzoita kuti vashandirwi varasikirwe, uye chikanganiso chacho chinodhura nekuti kazhinji hachidzoreki. Chinyorwa 7:629 cheCivil Code chine matanho maviri akasiyana ane mhedzisiro mbiri dzakasiyana, uye kushandisa izwi risiri iro mutsamba kunogona kudhura mari yese.

Kumiswa kwemubhadharo (loonopschorting) ndicho chiyero chendima 6. Izvi zvinoshanda kana mushandi asingatevedzere mitemo yakanyorwa yekutarisa, zvekuti mushandirwi haakwanise kuona kana paine kusakwanisa zvachose: kusavapo pakero yakapihwa, kusapindura runhare panguva dzakabvumiranwa, kusapinda musangano nachiremba wekambani. Mutoro wekubhadhara haudzimiswi; muripo unononotswa. Kana mushandi angotevedzera, muhoro wakabatwa unofanira kubhadharwa zvizere.

Kumisa muripo (loonstop) ndicho chiyero chendima 3, uye kurasikirwa kwechokwadi kwekodzero. Izvi zvinoshanda apo mushandi anotadzisa kana kunonoka kupora, anoramba pasina chikonzero chakanaka chekuita basa rakakodzera, anoramba kushandira pamwe nematanho ekudzoserwa mujeri kana kugadzira, kuongorora nekugadzirisa hurongwa hwekushanda, kana apo kusakwanisa kwakakonzerwa nemaune. Pano muhoro wenguva ino haufanirwe kubhadharwa zvachose, uye haudzokeri kana mushandi achinja nzira; kodzero yacho inongomukazve mune ramangwana chete.

Zvinhu zviviri zvinoshanda kune ese ari maviri. Ndima 7 inoda kuti mushandirwi azivise mushandi nekukurumidza mushure mekunge aziva nezvenzvimbo yacho; mushandirwi anobhadhara kwemavhiki matanhatu obva azivisa kuti amira kushanda haafanire kuvimba nenzvimbo yacho. Uye mutemo wenyaya unoda yambiro yakajeka yekutanga: tsamba inotaura kukundikana kwacho, mugumisiro wacho, uye nguva yekupedzisira yekutevedzera mutemo. Inodawo zita rakakodzera. Tsamba inozivisa kumiswa kwebasa yobva yaibata sekumiswa inoverengwa pamusoro pemushandirwi, uye mushandi achabhadharwa.

Mushandi asingabvumirani anogona kuunza chikumbiro chemuhoro, uye chikamu 7:629a cheCivil Code chinomumanikidza kubatanidza pfungwa yenyanzvi (deskundigenoordeel) kubva kuUWV kune chikumbiro ichocho. Vashandirwi vanogona kukumbira pfungwa imwechete, uye kazhinji inhanho ine musoro isati yasvika chero danho: inokurumidza, isingadhuri uye inopa maonero akazvimiririra ekuti mushandi akakodzera here basa raakapihwa. Tsamba yedu pamusoro pematanho emutemo anowanikwa muzvikumbiro zvekurwara kwevashandi inoratidza sarudzo dzemaitiro.

Chiremba wekambani nemadziro ekuchengetedza zvakavanzika

Mushandi anorwara anodzivirirwa nemutemo wekudzivirira data pamwe chete nemutemo wevashandi. Data rehutano iboka rakakosha redata remunhu pasi peGeneral Data Protection Regulation, uye mushandirwi haafanire kurigadzirisa. Icho hachisi gwara; chirambidzo chine faindi yekutonga, uye Dutch Data Protection Authority yakazvisimbisa pavashandirwi vakanyora kuongororwa kwechirwere varipo. Chiremba wekambani aripo kuti avhare mukaha uyu: nyanzvi yezvehutano yakazvimirira inoziva chokwadi chekurapa, uye inoshuma kumushandirwi chete maererano nezvinogona uye zvisingagone kuitwa nemushandi.

Kana mushandi akashuma kuti anorwara, mushandirwi anogona kunyora chokwadi chemushumo, nguva inotarisirwa, nhamba yefoni nekero panguva yekushaikwa, kana kugadzwa kwatoitwa kunogona kuchengetwa, kana kusavapo kwacho kune chekuita netsaona iyo munhu wechitatu anofanira kupomerwa, kuitira kuti mushandirwi akwanise kudzoserwa mari yake yemuhoro, uye kana chimwe chezvisungo zvemutemo zvekuchengetedza chichishanda. Ndiro rondedzero yese. Mushandirwi haafanire kubvunza nezvechirwere, zviratidzo, kurapwa kana chikonzero, uye haafanire kunyora ruzivo irworwo kunyangwe mushandi akazvipira kurwunyora.

Zvaungabvunza chiremba wekambani

Mibvunzo inoburitsa mhinduro dzinoshanda ndeyekushanda kwenguva, kwete mushonga.

Muganho wakadai sekusasimudza pamusoro pehuremu hwakatarwa, kana maawa mana pazuva pachikirini, iruzivo rwaunogona kuva narwo uye rwaunofanira kuita. Dambudziko riripo harisi. Kana usingabvumirani nezano rachiremba wekambani hauripfuure; unobvunza UWV kuti uwane pfungwa yenyanzvi. Mushandi asingabvumirani anogona kukumbira imwe pfungwa kubva kune mumwe chiremba wekambani, uye occupational health service inofanira kubatsira izvozvo kunze kwekunge paine zvikonzero zvinomanikidza zvekusaita izvozvo.

Kuneta, kushushikana uye kushaya simba

Kuneta imhaka yepamutemo yekusakwanisa kushanda zvakanaka apo chiremba wekambani anogadza zvipingamupinyi pakushanda, uye mushandirwi haana kodzero yekufungidzira izvozvo. Zvinogona kuitwa nemushandirwi, uye zvinofanira kuitwa, kuparadzanisa nzira yekurapa nenzira yekusawirirana. Kana kusavapo kukatevera kusawirirana pamusoro pebasa, kuongororwa kusina kunaka kana kurongeka patsva, chiremba wekambani anogona kugumisa kuti pane kusawirirana kwebasa pane chirwere, uye gwara rinoshanda rinoratidza kuyananisa uye hurukuro yakarongwa pane zororo rekurwara. Zano iroro rakakodzera kutorwa nekukurumidza: hurongwa hwekusavapo hwakamira kwemwedzi yakawanda hwakaoma kugadzirisa kupfuura hwakagadziriswa muvhiki rechipiri.

Nzira inotevedzera mitemo yekubata nyaya inofungidzirwa

Basa rinosarudza kana uri kubata nemushandi anorwara kana asina basa rinoitwa usati wanyora gwaro rekurwara. Gwaro rakanyorwa rehurukuro dzekushanda, rezvaitarisirwa zvakaiswa uye zvisina kuzadzikiswa, uye rutsigiro rwakapihwa, ndizvo zvinoita kuti mushandirwi aratidze gare gare kuti zvainetsa zvaive zvechokwadi uye zvakaitika kare asati avapo. Pasina izvozvo, chero chiito chinotorwa mushure megwaro rekurwara chinoita sekutsiva, uye dare richaverenga saizvozvo.

Kana mushumo wangosvika, kutevedzana kwezviitiko kwagadziriswa.

1. Shandisa maitiro ako ekusavapo. Tarisa kuti mushandi akashuma nenzira yakatarwa uye panguva yakatarwa. Kana mitemo yekutarisa isina kutevedzwa, nyora izvozvo nekunyora, uye yeuka musiyano uripo pakati pekumiswa nekumiswa.
2. Endai kuna chiremba wekambani nekukurumidza. Izvi hazvisi zvekusada uye hazvisi chiratidzo chekusavimba; ndiyo nzira yepamutemo yekuongorora, uye kunonoka kunoonekwa sekunge kwakakodzera iwe muongororo yeUWV.
3. Chengetedza zvakanyorwa pasi pemazita ekutaurirana. Kusangana nemunhu panguva yezororo rekurwara kunotarisirwa, kwete kungovhiringidza, chero bedzi kuri pamusoro pekugara zvakanaka uye kudzokera kubasa kwete mabasa asina kutarisirwa. Nyora zvakakurukurwa uye riini.
4. Gadzira hurongwa hwekuita mukati memavhiki masere uye ongorora panguva yakatarwa. Ipa basa rakakodzera nekunyora apo chiremba wekambani anoti zvinokwanisika, uye nyora mhinduro yacho.
5. Wedzerai zviri mumutemo, kwete pedyo navo: pfungwa yenyanzvi kubva kuUWV uko mamiriro ekurapa anokakavadzana, yambiro yepamutemo apo kushandira pamwe kunokundikana, uye ipapo chete chiyero chemuhoro.

Kuramba kushandira pamwe chete ndiko kunoparadzanisa nzira mbiri idzi. Mushandi anongoramba achikundikana kuonana nachiremba wekambani, anovanza ruzivo nezvezvipingamupinyi zvekushanda, kana kukanganisa hurongwa hwekushanda, anenge achipa chikonzero chinodiwa nemutemo. Nyora chiitiko chimwe nechimwe, yambira nekunyora, taura mhedzisiro yacho, uye ita zvinhu nguva dzose.

Kana chiri dambudziko rekuita basa zvechokwadi

Kana chiremba wekambani akagumisa kuti mushandi akakodzera basa uye nyaya chaiyo ndeyekubatanidzwa, faira rinoendeswa kumutemo wevashandi, uye mutemo weDutch unodawo pano. Kudzingwa basa kunoda chikonzero chakanaka kubva pane zvakavharirwa muchikamu 7:669 cheCivil Code, pamwe nekusavapo kweimwe nzvimbo yakakodzera, uye zvinoedzwa pachine nguva neUWV kana nedare redunhu, zvichienderana nechikonzero chacho.

Kana basa racho risingakodzeri, mushandirwi anofanira kuratidza kuti mushandi akaudzwa nezvezvikanganiso munguva yakakodzera, akapihwa mukana wekuvandudza kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekuvandudza hwakanyorwa uye nerutsigiro rwechokwadi, uye kuti kusakodzera hakusi kukonzerwa nekusatarisirwa zvakanaka kwemamiriro ebasa kana kudzidziswa. Hurongwa hwekuvandudza hwakanyorwa mushure mekunge sarudzo yekusiya kambani yaitwa hunoonekwa kudare uye hunokundikana.

Kana hukama hwacho hwaparara, gwaro repasi rinogona kuwanikwa, uye kubvira muna 2020 gwaro repasi rinobvumira musanganiswa wezvikonzero zvisina kukwana, pamutengo wekuwedzera muripo unosvika hafu yekubhadhara kwekuchinja pamusoro payo. Kuzvibata kwakashata, gwaro repasi, igwaro repamusoro uye rakachengeterwa maitiro ane mhosva zvechokwadi; kungoita zvishoma hazviiti. Mukuita, chikamu chikuru chemafaira aya chinoguma nechibvumirano chekugadzirisa chakabvumiranwa (vaststellingsovereenkomst), icho chiri pamutemo uye chinowanzova nemusoro, chero bedzi chakanyorwa kuitira kuti mushandi arambe aine kodzero yerubatsiro rwekushaya basa: chirongwa chinofanira kubva kumushandirwi, nguva yekuzivisa yepamutemo inofanira kucherechedzwa pazuva rekupedzisira, uye mushandi haafanire kutsanangurwa seane mhosva. Mushandi anewo kodzero yepamutemo yekufungazve nekudzima chibvumirano mukati memazuva gumi nemana ekusaina, uye kodzero iyoyo inofanira kutaurwa mugwaro, zvikasadaro nguva yacho inowedzerwa. Hapana chimwe cheizvi chiri kunyora zvinokurukuriranwa; musiyano uripo pakati pekubuda pachena nekuramba rubatsiro unodzokera padhesiki remushandirwi. Hurongwa hwakakura hwakanyorwa muongororo yedu yemutemo wevashandi wekuNetherlands.

Zvinofanira kubhadharwa nemushandi

Sisitimu yeDutch yakavakirwa pakuwirirana, uye divi remushandi rinowanzo kanganwika. Chinyorwa 7:660a cheCivil Code chinomanikidza mushandi asina kukodzera kubasa kuti ashande pamwe chete nemirairo ine musoro uye matanho akagadzirirwa kugonesa kudzoka, kushandira pamwe mukugadzira, kuongorora nekugadzirisa hurongwa hwekuita basa, uye kuita basa rakakodzera kana mushandirwi aripa. Pamwe chete neizvozvo pane mitemo yakanyorwa yekutarisa yakanyorerwa mushandirwi, iyo inogona kusanganisira nguva dzekuzivisa, kuwanikwa, kupinda pamisangano uye kuzivisa shanduko yekero, chero bedzi ine musoro uye yakaziviswa pachine nguva.

Basa rakakodzera ipfungwa yakatsanangurwa: basa rinogona kudiwa nemushandi zvichienderana nehunyanzvi hwake uye ruzivo rwake, iro risingafaniri kunge riri basa rechibvumirano uye rinogona kunge riri padanho rakaderera. Mushandi anoramba basa rakakodzera pasina chikonzero chakanaka anorasikirwa nekodzero yemuhoro kwenguva yekuramba, uye mushandirwi anofanira kutaura izvozvo nekukasika. Kusiyana neizvi, mushandirwi anopa basa iro chiremba wekambani asina kubvumidza haasi kupa basa rakakodzera zvachose, uye mubhadharo wakavakirwa pakuramba hauzorarami.

Kuwirirana kumwe chete ndiko kunodzora nzira yechipiri. Kana ongororo yegore rekutanga ikaratidza kuti kudzokera kubasa remushandi kana chimwe chinzvimbo mukati mesangano hakusi kwechokwadi, kudzorerwa kubasa kune mumwe mushandirwi kunofanira kutanga, uye mapato ese ari maviri anofanira kuita basa racho zvakakomba. Chirango chemuhoro weUWV chinoiswa kanenge kazhinji kune nzira yechipiri yakatangwa kunonoka seyeyakanga isati yambotangwa zvachose.

Mushure memakore maviri: chikumbiro cheWIA uye chibvumirano chisina kushanda

Pakupera kwemavhiki zana nemana, mubhadharo unoguma uye mushandi anonyorera kuUWV kuti awane rubatsiro pasi peMutemo weBasa neMari (Capacity for Work). UWV inotanga yaongorora faira rekudzoserwa kubasa. Kana ikaona kuti kuedza kwemushandirwi hakuna kukwana, inoisa chirango chemuhoro chatsanangurwa pamusoro apa, uye chikumbiro chinombomiswa; kana faira racho rakakodzera, rinoongorora mwero wekusakwanisa basa uye rinopa rubatsiro zvinoenderana, kana kuti hapana kana mushandi akaongororwa kuti anokwanisa kuwana chikamu chakakwana chemuhoro wekare.

Kurambidzwa kwekudzingwa basa kunopera kana makore maviri apfuura, uye mushandirwi anogona kunyorera kuUWV mvumo yekugumisa basa nekuda kwekusakwanisa kwenguva refu, chero bedzi kudzoserwa mukati memavhiki makumi maviri nematanhatu kusingatarisirwi uye kuchinjirwa basa patsva kusingagoneki. Kwemakore vamwe vashandirwi vakangosiya zvibvumirano zvakadaro pasina muripo, kudzivirira muripo wekuchinja. Dare Repamusorosoro rakagumisa tsika iyoyo muna 2019: mushandirwi anochengeta chibvumirano chisina kurara anofanira kubatana nechikumbiro chekugumisa basa racho obhadhara muripo wekuchinja, nekuti mushandirwi anogona kukumbira muripo wemuripo iwoyo kubva kuUWV. Kuramba kugumisa chibvumirano chisina kurara saka hakusisiri sarudzo yemahara, uye mushandirwi anoita izvozvo anogona kuzvidavirira.

Kana kusakwanisa kuita basa kwacho kuchizoonekwa sekwenguva dzose uye kwakazara, chinzvimbo chacho chinosiyana zvakare, uye sarudzo pakati pekudzingwa basa nekuenderera mberi inofanira kuitwa nemaune uye nerubatsiro rwezano. Ongororo yedu yemutemo webasa weDutch inoratidza kuti maitiro aya anoenderana sei.

Kudzivirira dambudziko iri kwakachipa pane kurigadzirisa

Kusashanda kwenguva refu uye kurega basa chinyararire, mumasangano mazhinji, zviratidzo zvemamiriro ezvinhu akafanana: basa risingagadziriswi, mhinduro dzisingambopiwi, uye zvinonetsa zvisingambounzwe nekuti hapana anotarisira kuti zviitwe. Basa repamutemo rinonongedzera nenzira imwe chete. Mutemo weMamiriro Ekushanda unosungira mushandirwi wese kuti aite ongororo yengozi uye kuongorora uye kusanganisira basa repfungwa, zvichireva kumanikidzwa kwebasa, hutsinye uye maitiro asina kunaka, uye kunyora nekushandisa matanho anotevera kubva pairi. Mushandirwi asina kumbobvira aongorora basa ane mukaha wekutevedzera mitemo uye dambudziko rekusavapo rinofanotaurwa.

Matanho anoshanda haashamisi uye anoshanda. Ongorora kugona kwechikwata kakawanda zvekuti kuwandisa kwenguva refu kunoonekwa kusati kwava kushaikwa. Ita kuti rubatsiro rwehutano hwepfungwa ruvepo uye taura izvozvo kakawanda, nekuti kuwanikwa kusingazivikanwe nemunhu hakuna zvakunobatsira. Ipa rumbidzo zvakananga kwete kungotaura zvese. Dzidzisai mamaneja kuti vataure hurukuro inotanga nekuchinja maitiro emumwe munhu pane kutanga neyambiro yepamutemo mushure memwedzi mitanhatu; ndiyo pfungwa yekuvandudza kubatanidzwa kwevashandi, uye inodhura zvishoma pane imwe chete yemubhadharo.

Kana paine dambudziko riripo, basa rekuva mushandi akanaka muchikamu 7:611 cheCivil Code pamwe nemutemo wekubatwa zvakaenzana pakuremara nezvirwere zvisingaperi zvinosundira munzira imwe chete: kugadziriswa kwakakodzera kweADHD ne autism kubasa, kana kune chero chimwe chirwere, kazhinji kugadzirisa zvishoma maawa, nharaunda kana kugoverwa kwebasa, uye kuramba mabasa aya pasina kuaongorora kunogadzira mukana wekuonekwa kwaro.

Mafambiro ekusavapo kwevashandi muNetherlands anoteverwa zvakanyanya nehofisi yenhamba yenyika pamwe nemabasa ehutano hwebasa, uye maitiro avanoshuma akafanana: nhamba shoma yekusavapo kwenguva refu ndiyo inokonzeresa mazuva mazhinji akarasika. Ndiyo nharo yevatungamiriri yekupindira nekukurumidza, uye ndeyepamutemo zvakare, nekuti zvisungo zvekudzokera kubasa zviri nyore kuzadzisa mumavhiki ekutanga pane mugore rechipiri.

Mibvunzo inobvunzwa nevashandirwi nezvekusashanda uye kusashanda

Ndingarega here kubhadhara mushandi anoramba kuona chiremba wekambani?

Unogona, asi kwete ipapo ipapo uye kwete semutongo wemuhoro. Kuramba kuenda kumusangano nachiremba wekambani kunowanzo kutyora mitemo yekutarisa, iyo pasi pechikamu 7:629 ndima 6 yeCivil Code inotungamira kukumiswa kwemuhoro, kwete kurasikirwa nawo. Yambira nekunyora kutanga, taura kukundikana kwacho, ipa musangano mutsva nenguva yekupedzisira, uye taura zvakajeka kuti muhoro uchamiswa kana mushandi akasauya. Kana mushandi akateerera, mutongo wemuhoro unobhadharwa zvizere. Mutongo wemuhoro pasi pechikamu 3 unoda chimwe chezvikonzero zvepamutemo, zvakaita sekuramba basa rakakodzera kana kurambidza kudzokera kubasa, uye chinofanira kuziviswa nekukasika.

Ndinobvumirwa here kutaura nemushandi ari pazororo rekurwara?

Ehe, uye unotarisirwa kudaro. Kutaurirana nevamwe chikamu chebasa rekudzoserwa mushandi, uye mushandirwi anosiya mushandi anorwara kwemwedzi yakati wandei achashorwa nekuda kweizvozvo neUWV. Chinokosha ndechekuti munhu ari kutaura nevamwe ndeapi: hutano, nguva yakatarwa uye kudzoka kubasa, kwete mabasa asina kutarisirwa kana kumanikidzwa kudzoka. Haufanirwe kubvunza nezvechirwere, uye chero chinhu chinopihwa mushandi hachifanirwe kunyorwa pasi.

Kuneta ndicho chikonzero chakanaka here chekuzorora uri kurwara

Ehe, apo chiremba wekambani anosimbisa kuti inoganhurira kugona kwemushandi pabasa rakabvumiranwa. Mushandirwi haaiti kana kuongorora ongororo iyoyo. Chingaitwa nemushandirwi kubvunza chiremba wekambani kana zvirambidzo zvichibvumira mabasa akagadziriswa kana maawa akaderedzwa, uye kana chikonzero chiri mukukakavadzana kwebasa kwete mukurwara, nekuti kusawirirana kunoda kuyananiswa kwete nzvimbo yehurongwa hwekusavapo.

Ndirini pandinofanira kukumbira UWV kuti ndiwane pfungwa dzenyanzvi?

Pose panoitika gakava rechokwadi pamusoro pekugona kwemushandi kushanda, pamusoro pekuti basa raakapihwa rakakodzera here, kana kuti kana bato riri kuedza zvakakwana kudzoserwa kusangano. Pfungwa yenyanzvi (deskundigenoordeel) haisungi, asi ndiyo ongororo isina kwayakarerekera iyo dare richatsvaga, uye mushandi anounza chikumbiro chemuhoro anofanira kubatanidza pasi pechinyorwa 7:629a cheCivil Code. Chikumbire usati watora chiyero chemuhoro kana kutanga nyaya dzekudzingwa, kwete mushure mezvo.

Law & More inopa mazano kuvashandirwi nevashandi nezvekusavapo kwenguva refu, matanho emuhoro, kudzoserwa kubasa pasi pemutemo weWet verbetering poortwachter, zvirango zvemuhoro zveUWV, uye kudzingwa basa uko dambudziko guru riri rekushanda kwete hutano. Kana usina chokwadi kana kusavapo kuri kwechokwadi, kana kuti tsamba yauri kuda kutumira inomisa kubhadhara kana kumisa, taura nemagweta edu emabasa usati waitumira.