Kodhi yeSER Merger 2015: izvo mapato anobatanidza anofanira kuziva

Kubatanidzwa kana kutenga kunowanzo tungamirwa nepfungwa dzehurongwa, mari uye mitemo yemakwikwi. Asi panewo chikamu chakakosha chemagariro evanhu: kubatanidzwa kwevashandi nemasangano avo anomiririra. SER Merger Code 2015 (SER-Fusiegedragsregels 2015) - inozivikanwawo seMerger Code - inoda kuti mapato anobatanidza vashandi azivise masangano evashandi nenguva nezvekubatanidzwa kunotarisirwa uye kuvapa mukana wekuona nezvazvo.

Mutemo uyu hauna chinangwa chekuongorora kunaka kwehupfumi hwekubatana kwemakambani kana kuumisa, asi kuve nechokwadi chekuti vamiririri vevashandi vanogona kuva nesimba vasati vabatana kwemakambani. Kune vatungamiriri, vapi vemazano veM&A, nyanzvi dzeHR nemakanzuru emabasa, saka zvakakosha kuona pakutanga kwemaitiro ekutengeserana kana Mutemo weKubatana uchishanda.

Kodhi yeSER Merger chii?

Mutemo weSER Merger hausi mutemo wepamutemo, asi rudzi rwekuzvidzora rwakatangwa mukati meSocial and Economic Council (SER). Nekuda kweizvozvo, unonziwo mutemo wequasi-law.

Chinangwa chikuru cheMutemo ndechekuchengetedza zvido zvevanhu vanoshanda mumabasa anobatanidzwa mukubatanidzwa kwemakambani. Mutemo weKubatanidzwa kwemakambani hautaridzi kana kubatana kwemakambani kuchikosha kana kuti kwakanaka mune zvemari, asi unoda kuti masangano evashandi aziviswe zvizere uye nenguva uye apiwe mukana wekutaura maonero avo vasati vabvumirana nezvekubatanidzwa kwemakambani.

Kutyora Mutemo hakusi mhosva, asi kusatevedzera mitemo kunogona kukonzera kukuvara kukuru kwemukurumbira: Komiti yeDisputes for the Merger Code (Geschillencommissie Fusiegedragsregels) inogona kusimbisa kutyora mutemo uye kuita kuti mutongo wayo uve pachena.

Kodhi iyi inoshanda rini?

Kodhi yeKubatanidzwa inoshanda kana zvinhu zvina zvazadzikiswa:

• Chibvumirano ichi chinoumba chikamu chenharaunda yebhizinesi (bedrijfsleven).
• Pane kubatana mukati mezvinorehwa neMutemo weKubatanidzwa.
• Sangano rimwe chete kana kupfuura revashandi rinobatanidzwa mune rimwe remapato akabatana.
• Vanhu vanosvika makumi mashanu, muchirevo, vanoshanda muNetherlands mubasa iri kana muboka remabhizinesi.

Pfungwa ye'bhizinesi remunharaunda' inonzwisiswa zvakanyanya: haingobatanidzi mabasa ebhizinesi chete, asiwo mamwe masangano asiri epurofiti, masangano ehurumende nenyanzvi, kwavanoshanda pamusika nenzira yebhizinesi uye nemari yavo uye nenjodzi. Mienzaniso inosanganisira masangano ehutano, masangano edzimba, masangano edzidzo, masangano etsika nenyanzvi dzakadai sevanyori vemaakaunzi, magweta, vagadziri vezvivakwa nemainjiniya ekupa mazano.

Muganho wevashandi makumi mashanu unogona kudzikiswa pasi pechibvumirano chevashandi pamwe chete (cao). Kukwidza muganho uyu hakubvumirwi.

Chii chinonzi kubatana kwemakambani?

Pasi peMutemo weKubatanidzwa kweVashandi (Merger Code), kubatanidzwa kwemakambani kunoitika kana kutonga kwechimwe chinhu, kana chikamu chacho, kuchiendeswa kune mamwe makambani zvachose. Kuchinja kwechinguvana kwekutonga kunowira kunze kwepfungwa iyi.

Mutemo uyu unogona kushanda kune, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu:

• kubatanidzwa kwebhizinesi, semuenzaniso kutamiswa kwezvinhu nezvikwereti;
• kubatanidzwa kwepamutemo;
• kupatsanurana kwepamutemo kana kupatsanurana;
• kutenga kana kutamisa migove mukambani yakazvimirira kana yeruzhinji ine miganhu;
• shanduko yekutonga zvichibva pamasimba emutemo kana echibvumirano;
• kuumbwa, kana kubatanidzwa pakati pe, hukama hwakabatana umo chimwe chinhu chinopihwa.

Kubva muna 2015, fungidziro yekudzora inogona kupikiswa inoshanda pakuchinjisa masheya kunosanganisira, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu:

• kuwanikwa kwekodzero dzekuvhota dzinopfuura 50%;
• kutengwa kwemasheya anopfuura 50%;
• simba rekugadza vanopfuura hafu yebhodhi rekutungamira kana boka rekutarisira.

Pfungwa iyi inogona kurambwa. Mubvunzo mukuru unoramba uripo kana paine, zvechokwadi, kuchinjirwa kwesimba zvachose.

Ndezvipi kubatanidzwa kwemakambani zvisina kubvumirwa?

Kodhi yeKubatanidzwa haishande kune mamiriro ezvinhu akati wandei akatsanangurwa.

Kubatanidzwa kwemapoka emukati

Kubatanidzwa kwemukati uko mapato ese anobatanidzwa ari muboka rimwe chete remakambani hakuzi pasi peMutemo.

Kuchinja kwekutonga kunokonzerwa nemigumisiro yakakosha yemutemo

Dzimwe shanduko dzekutonga dzinobva mumutemo wepfuma yewanano, manejimendi (bewind), kugoverwa kwenhaka, murindi kana kuziviswa kwekubhuroka hazvibatanidzwiwo. Izvi hazvishande otomatiki, zvisinei, kana mugamuchiri kana maneja achizosarudza kutamisa bhizinesi. Muchiitiko ichocho, Merger Code inogona kuramba ichishanda.

Kubatanidzwa kweminimis

Kubatanidzwa kwemakambani kunowira kunze kweMutemo apo, kazhinji, vanhu vasingasviki gumi vanoshandira kambani kana makambani ayo anotongwa nemutemo.

Hapana mhedzisiro yakakodzera yeDutch

Chekupedzisira, kubatanidzwa kwemakambani kunowira kunze kweMutemo weKubatanidzwa kwemakambani uko pasina migumisiro yakakosha inogona kutarisirwa kune vanhu vanoshanda muNetherlands. Mukutengeserana kwemakambani, saka zvinofanirwa kuongororwa kana kutengeserana kwacho kuri mukati memutemo weDutch. Zvinhu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira kukura kwemabasa eDutch, chikamu ichi, kupindirana kwemusika, uye migumisiro kune vanhu vanoshanda muNetherlands.

Basa rekuzivisa nekupa mazano

Chisungo chikuru ndechekuti mapato anobatanidza makambani azivise uye abvunze masangano evashandi ari kutarisirwa panguva yakakodzera. 'Nenguva yakakodzera' zvinoreva kuti masangano evashandi aziviswa vasati vabvumirana nezvekubatana kwemakambani: mafungiro emasangano evashandi anofanira kunge achiri kukwanisa kuchinja zvechokwadi mhedziso kana mamiriro ekutengeserana. Kuvazivisa mushure mezvo, musimboti, kwanonoka, kunyangwe kana kubatana kwacho kwakanyatsogadzirwa.

Ruzivo rupi runofanira kupihwa nemapoka ari kubatana?

Mapato anobatanidza anofanira kuzivisa masangano evashandi nezve:

• zvikonzero zvekubatanidzwa;
• matanho emutemo anotarisirwa;
• migumisiro inotarisirwa munharaunda, mune zvehupfumi uye mumutemo;
• matanho akatarisirwa kupindura migumisiro iyoyo.

Masangano evashandi anofanira kupihwa mukana wekupa pfungwa dzavo maererano nezvinodiwa nevashandi. Munguva yekukurukurirana, nyaya dzinotevera dzinogona kutaurwa, pakati pedzimwe,:

• zvikonzero zvekubatanidzwa;
• matanho ekuderedza migumisiro yakaipa;
• nguva uye nzira iyo vashandi vachaziviswa nayo;
• kuwedzera kushuma nezvekubatanidzwa kwemakambani;
• rumwe ruzivo runodiwa zvine musoro kuti pave nepfungwa.

Sangano revashandi rinogona kukumbira rumwe ruzivo, asi ruzivo irworwo runofanira kunge rwune chekuita nekubatanidzwa kwesangano uye rwunofanira kunge rwakakosha pakuumba pfungwa.

Zvataurwa neveruzhinji

Bato risati rataura pachena nezvekugadzirira kana kuguma kwekubatana, semuenzaniso chirevo chenhau, masangano evashandi anobatanidzwa anofanira kutanga aziviswa zviri mukati mawo. Chiziviso ichi chinopa masangano evashandi mukana wekubvunza mibvunzo chero ipi zvayo ruzivo rwusati rwaziviswa pachena.

Secretariat yeSER

Pamusoro pemasangano evashandi, SER Secretariat inofanirawo kuziviswa, panguva imwe chete nekuzivisa masangano evashandi. SER Secretariat ine basa rekuratidza nekutsigira: inogona kutumira zviziviso zvakagamuchirwa kumasangano evashandi ane chekuita nazvo, kukumbira rumwe ruzivo, uye kutarisa nhau dzekubatanidzwa kwemasangano dziri kurongwa. Chiziviso chinogona kutumirwa nedhijitari, netsamba, kana neChirungu.

Ndeapi masangano evashandi anofanira kuziviswa?

Haasi masangano ese evashandi anongoerekana anzi 'sangano revashandi' mukati mezvinorehwa neMerger Code. Izvi, chero zvodini, ndizvo zvinoitika kana sangano revashandi, maererano nebasa riri kutaurwa nezvaro:

• akasarudza vanhu vanozosarudzwa kuti vapinde mukanzuru yemabasa, uye mumwe wavo anenge asarudzwa;
• anogara achitaurirana nezvemubhadharo uye mamiriro ebasa; kana
• mumakore maviri apfuura kubatana kwekambani, yakashanda nguva dzose uye zvinoonekwa semumiriri wezvido zvenhengo maererano nebasa iri.

Kana chibvumirano chevashandi pamwe chete (cao) chichishanda pamubatanidzwa wevashandi, mapato ari muchibvumirano ichocho anozongosarudzwa semasangano evashandi. Masangano evashandi akadai seFNV, CNV neVCP masangano anosanganisira: haangosarudzwa semasangano evashandi chete mukati mezvinorehwa neMerger Code nekuda kwebasa iroro.

Kumanikidza majeure

Kana paine force majeure chete ndipo panogona kubviswa zvinodiwa kuti zvinhu zvienderane nenguva. Zvinofanira kusanganisira mamiriro ezvinhu anokurumidza kupfuura simba remapato ari mumubatanidzwa. Kubhuroka kuri kuuya hakurevi kuti force majeure; mamiriro acho ezvinhu anofanira kuongororwa zvichienderana nekwaanoita.

Kana simba guru rikagamuchirwa, mapato akabatana anofanira:

• taura pachena nezvepfungwa dzesangano revashandi dzichiri kuda kuwanikwa;
• zivisa masangano evashandi nekukurumidza mushure mekunge chibvumirano chasvika;
• vachiri kubvunzana nezvekubatanidzwa kwemakambani pamwe nemigumisiro yako.

Saka, kurudziro yesimba guru haisunungure mapato akabatana kubva pabasa rekuzivisa nekupa mazano. Zvinongononotsa nguva iyo basa iroro rinofanira kuzadzikiswa.

Zvichemo nezvirango

Komiti yeDisputes yeMerger Code inobata gakava pamusoro pekutevedzera Mutemo. Masangano evashandi nemapoka akabatana anogona kuendesa chichemo. Chichemo chinofanira kutumirwa chakanyorwa uye chinofanira kusanganisira, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu:

• mazita nekero dzemapato ari kutaurwa nezvawo;
• tsananguro yenharo;
• chisarudzo chaitsvagwa.

Nguva yakatarwa yekutumira zvichemo, chaizvoizvo, mwedzi mumwe chete mushure mekunge kubatana kwaziviswa pachena kana kuti kwatanga. Kana pasina chiziviso cheruzhinji chaitwa, nguva yakatarwa inotanga kubva panguva iyo sangano revashandi ringadai rakaziva mhedzisiro yacho.

Kana agamuchira, sachigaro anotanga aongorora kugamuchirwa kwenyaya. Kana chikumbiro chikanzi hachigamuchirwi, munyoreri anogona kuramba mukati memazuva gumi nemana. Kana chichemo chichigamuchirwa, mumwe munhu, muchirevo, anopiwa mwedzi mumwe chete kuti apindure nekunyora. Kunzwa kwevanhu kunogona kuitika, mushure mezvo Komiti inopa mutongo wayo.

Komiti inogona kuona kuti bato rakabatana kana sangano revashandi rakundikana kutevedzera, kana kuti harina kutevedzera zvakanaka, chimwe kana zvimwe zviri mumutemo, uye inogona kutsanangura kutyorwa kwemutemo sekwakakomba kana kuti kwakaipisisa. Hapana kukwidza nyaya pamusoro pemutongo uyu; mutongo wacho, musimboti, wakaburitswa pawebhusaiti yeSER.

Komiti haigone kubhadharisa faindi uye haina simba rekumisa kana kumisa kubatana kwemakambani. Saka kuburitswa kwemutongo ndicho chirango chikuru uye chikonzero chekumanikidzwa.

Pamusoro penzira yekunyunyuta, pane chirongwa chekuyananisa. Chero munhu ari mugakava riripo kana riri panjodzi anogona kukumbira kuyananisa, kusanganisira panguva yekunyunyuta kuri kuenderera mberi. Kana zvakadaro, nguva yakatarwa inomiswa. Kana kuyananisa kukabudirira, kunyunyuta kunobviswa.

Hukama nekutarisirwa kwemamwe makambani

Kodhi yeSER Merger inoshanda pamwe chete nemitemo yekuzivisa uye yekubvumidza. Zvichienderana nechikamu uye rudzi rwekutengeserana, zviremera zvinotevera, pakati pezvimwe, zvinogona kuita basa:

• Netherlands Authority for the Financial Markets (AFM);
• Netherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets (ACM);
• Chiremera chehutano cheDutch (NZa);
• Gurukota reDzidzo, Tsika neSainzi, uko bvunzo yekubatanidzwa kwemasangano edzidzo inoshanda.

Kuzivisa kuSER Secretariat hakutsivi chero chimwe chisungo chekuzivisa chepamutemo. Saka kubatana kunogona kuwira pasi peMerger Code uye, panguva imwe chete, pasi pekutarisirwa, semuenzaniso, neNetherlands Authority for Consumers and Markets kana Dutch Healthcare Authority.

Chii chakachinja muna 2015?

Kugadziriswa kwa2015 kwakaunza shanduko nhatu dzakakosha.

Kuwanda kwakakura

Mukana uyu wakawedzerwa kuti ubatanidze, pakati pezvimwe, masangano asingabatsiri, masangano ehurumende nenyanzvi. Kuwedzera uku kunoratidza kuwedzera kwekuzvimirira, kutengeserana nevanhu vega uye kurongeka kwakaita semabhizinesi emasekta ayo aisambofukidzwa zviri nyore neMutemo.

Imwe nzira yekudzora yakasiyana

Kufungidzirwa kwekutonga mukuchinjisa migove kwakagadziriswa. Pasi pemitemo yapfuura, kuva nemasheya anopfuura 50% kwakaita kuti pave nekufungidzira kusingadzoreki; kubvira muna 2015, kufungidzira uku kunogona kurambwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti bvunzo ienderane zvakanyanya nehukama chaihwo hwekudzora mukati mebhizinesi.

Mashoko emazuva ano

Mashoko aya akagadziridzwa: zvino ataurwa nezve 'vanhu vanoshanda mubasa iri', zvichienderana nemashoko ari muWorks Councils Act (Wet op de ondernemingsraden). Pamusoro pezvo, kutariswa kukuru kuri kupihwa hukama huripo pakati pepfungwa dzevashandi nekodzero yezano yevashandi.

Ongororo inoshanda yekubatanidza mapato

Kugadzirira kwakanyatsonaka kunotanga nekuongorora panguva yakakodzera kana Mutemo weKubatanidzwa kweZvibvumirano uchishanda. Pfungwa dzinotevera dzakakosha panyaya iyi:

• Ongorora pakutanga kana kutengeserana kwacho kuchisanganisira shanduko yechigarire yekutonga.
• Tarisa kana mabasa ari kutaurwa ari mukati mepfungwa yakakura ye 'bhizinesi renharaunda'.
• Sarudza kuti ndeapi masangano evashandi anokodzera kuva masangano evashandi.
• Zivisai masangano evashandi vasati vabvumirana nezvekubatanidzwa kwemasangano aya.
• Zivisai masangano evashandi musati mataura chero chinhu chipi zvacho pachena.
• Zivisai kubatana kweSER Secretariat panguva imwe chete.
• Ongorora wega kana simba guru ringashanda.
• Funga nezvemaitiro ekupa mazano edare remabasa.
• Tarisa chero zviziviso uye zvisungo zvekubvumidza zvinofanirwa kune vamwe vatongi.
• Nyora pasi ruzivo nemaitiro ekubvunzana nokungwarira.

Zvinokurudzirwa kuti tifunge nezvekutevedzera Mutemo weKubatanidzwa kweMakambani mutsamba yechinangwa kana pepa rekupedzisira, pamwe chete nepfungwa dzakafukidzwa murunyorwa rwedu rwezvemitemo rwekubatanidzwa kwemakambani nekutenga . Chimiro chine chekuita nekupedzwa kweruzivo rwunodiwa uye maitiro ekubvunzana chinogonawo kuverengerwa.

Zvinorehwa neSER Merger Code mukuita

Mutemo weSER Merger Code 2015 unoumba chikamu chakakosha chemaitiro ekubatana kweNetherlands. Kunyangwe Mutemo uyu usiri mutemo wepamutemo uye usingapi faindi kana kurambidzwa kwekubatanidzwa, unoda kuti mapato asanganiswe aite maitiro ekungwarira uye nenguva yekuzivisa nekubvunza masangano evashandi ane chekuita nawo.

Njodzi huru dziri mukuzivisa kunonoka, kupa ruzivo rusina kukwana, kana kusaita hurukuro zvachose. Kusatevedzera mitemo kunogona kuita kuti pave nemutongo weveruzhinji neDisputes Committee yeMerger Code uye, nekudaro, kukuvadza mukurumbira.

Kune vatungamiriri, vapi vemazano veM&A, nyanzvi dzeHR nemakanzuru emabasa, zvakakosha kuti vaongorore kushanda kweMerger Code pakutanga kwekutengeserana uye kunyora nokungwarira kubvunzana nemasangano evashandi. Ongororo iyoyo inofanira kuitwa pakutanga kwekuongorora , nekuti chiziviso chinouya kunonoka hachigone kugadziriswa mushure mezvo.

Law & More inopa mazano kumakambani, masangano nemakanzuru emabasa pamusoro pekushandiswa kweMerger Code: kana Mutemo uyu uchishanda kune kutengeserana, ndeapi masangano evashandi anofanira kusvikwa, zvinofanira kunge zviri muchiziviso chacho, uye kuti kubvunzana kwacho kwakanyorwa sei. Kana chichemo chikaunzwa pamberi peDisputes Committee, tinoshanda tichimiririra bato riri munyaya yacho.

Mibvunzo inowanzobvunzwa