Kudzivirirwa kwemari muNetherlands kunotanga neuchapupu hwekupomerwa mhosva, kwete netsananguro yako. Kubviswa kwemari muNetherlands kunorangwa pasi pechikamu 420bis kusvika 420quater cheDutch Criminal Code (Wetboek van Strafrecht), uye kazhinji Ministerie weOpenbaar haagone kuratidza mhosva yakakonzera mari yacho. Zvadaro inofanira kuvaka nyaya yacho kuburikidza nehurongwa hwematanho matanhatu hwakagadzirwa mumutemo wenyaya, uye imwe neimwe yematanho iwayo inzvimbo iyo dziviriro inogona kupindira.
Zvinofanira kuratidzwa nemapurisa
Mhosva huru iri nyore. Muchuchisi anofanira kuratidza kuti chinhu, icho mukuita chinowanzoreva mari, mota, imba kana midziyo ye crypto, chinobva pamhosva ipi zvayo, uye kuti mupomerwi akavanza kana kuvanza kwayakabva, kana kuti akawana, akaibata, akaiendesa kana kuishandisa achiziva kuti yakabva. Chinyorwa 420bis chinoda chinangwa. Chinyorwa 420quater chinosanganisira musiyano une mhosva, schuldwitwassen, apo mupomerwi aifanira kunge akafungidzira kwayakabva. Chinyorwa 420ter chinosanganisira kugara achibvisa mari, uye mafomu ari muchikamu 420bis.1 na420quater.1 anoshanda kana munhu achingowana kana kuchengeta mari yemhosva yake.
Zvinhu zviviri zvinowanzo nzwisiswa zvisina kunaka. Chekutanga, kushambidza mari imhosva yeCriminal Code: iyo Wet ter voorkoming van witwassen en financieren van terrorise (Wwft) inoisa mabasa ekutonga kumabhangi, ma notaries, ma accountants nemagweta, uye kutyora mabasa iwayo imhosva yehupfumi, asi haisi mhosva yekuchenesa mari. Chechipiri, kupomerwa hakufanirwe kuratidza mhosva yekutanga. Hoge Raad yakasimbisa mukutonga kwayo kwa28 Gunyana 2004 (ECLI:NL:HR:2004:AP2124) kuti mutongo unogoneka pasina humbowo hwekuti ndeipi mhosva chaiyo yakaburitsa mari, chero bedzi zvikaonekwa kuti mari yacho yakabva kune imwe mhosva.
Nhanho nhanhatu kana pasina mhosva yekupara mhosva
Kana pasina mhosva iri pachena inogona kudziviswa, matare eDutch anoshanda nenzira yakatarwa, inozivikanwa mukuita sechirongwa chine matanho matanhatu. Inotevera. Chekutanga, dare rinoona kuti hapana humbowo hwakananga hwemhosva chaiyo. Chechipiri, rinobvunza kana chokwadi nemamiriro ezvinhu zvichikonzera fungidziro ine musoro yekubvisa mari: mari isina kutsanangurwa, kutengeserana kusina musoro wehupfumi, mari isingaenderane nemararamiro, kuronga pasi pemiganho yemishumo, kana kambani isina mari inobuda.
Chechitatu, kana paine fungidziro iyoyo, nyaya yacho inonzi inoda tsananguro, uye mupomerwi angatarisirwa kupa imwe nezvekwakabva pfuma. Chechina, tsananguro iyoyo inofanira kusangana nechiyero: inofanira kunge yakajeka, kusvika pamwero wakati inosimbiswa, uye isinganyanyi kufungidzirwa pachine nguva. Chechina, kana tsananguro yakadaro ikapihwa, muchuchisi anofanira kuiferefeta pane kuiramba. Chetanhatu, dare rinoongorora mhedzisiro uye rinopa mhosva chete kana kwakabva pamutemo kuchigona kubviswa nechokwadi chakakwana, saka mhedziso inogamuchirika chete ndeyekuti pfuma yacho inobva pamhosva yemhosva.
Danho rega rega rine mutoro kune rimwe divi. Matanho maviri, mashanu nematanhatu ndiwo mutoro wekupomera mhosva. Matanho matatu nemana ndiwo panotorwa mhosva, uye ndicho chikamu chehurongwa chinokonzera kuvhiringidzika kukuru uye kukuvara kwakanyanya.
Tsananguro yaunotarisirwa kupa, uye kodzero yekunyarara
Hapana basa repamutemo rekutsanangura kwakabva mari yako. Munhu ari kupomerwa mhosva muNetherlands ane kodzero yekunyarara, uye mapurisa anofanira kukuyambira usati wabvunza. Asi munyaya yekubvisa mari yematanho matanhatu kodzero iyoyo ine mutengo. Kana muchuchisi angoona kuti pane chikonzero chakakodzera chekufungira, kunyarara hakusiyi chinhu kudare kuti chiedze, uye dare rinogona kugumisa kuti kwakabva pamutemo kwabviswa. Kodzero yekunyarara inoramba iripo; mhedzisiro yayo inoshanda mumhosva iyi yakakura zvisingawanzoitiki.
Ndosaka sarudzo yekuti munhu anofanira kutaura riini uye kuti otaura riini iri nyaya yekuchenjera isingafaniri kutorwa ari ega muimba yekubvunzurudzwa. Tsananguro isina kujeka, inochinja pakati pekubvunzurudzwa, kana isingakwanise kuongororwa kubva pane chero gwaro inokuvadza kupfuura kusataura chinhu zvachose, nekuti inova humbowo hwekuvanza kwayo. Kusiyana neizvi, nyaya yakanyatsogadzirwa inotsigirwa nezvinyorwa inogona kugumisa nyaya yacho isati yasvika kudare redzimhosva.
Chii chinoita kuti tsananguro ive yechokwadi uye inosimbiswa
Mutemo hausi wekuti tsananguro yacho inofanira kuratidzwa. Inofanira kunge inokwanisa kuongororwa. Account inotaura zita remumwe munhu, zuva, chikonzero chekubhadhara uye nzira yakatorwa nemari inopa vaongorori chimwe chinhu chekusimbisa. Zvibvumirano zvechikwereti, magwaro enhaka, zvibvumirano zvekutengesa, magwaro emitero, magwaro ebhangi ekune dzimwe nyika, zvinyorwa zvekubhejera uye maakaundi ekambani zvese zvinokosha, uye kana zvikaburitswa nekukurumidza ndipo pazvinorema zvakanyanya. Kutaura kuti mari yacho yakabva mukuchengetedza mari kunze kwenyika, kubva kuhama, kana kubva mumakore ekutengeserana akabudirira, pasina chinhu chiri shure kwayo, hakusviki pamuedzo.
Kwakakwanisa kurwiswa nyaya ine matanho matanhatu
Nzira yekudzivirira inobatsira zvikuru inowanzova danho rechipiri. Kufungirwa kwemari yekubiridzira kunofanira kutsamira pachokwadi, kwete pane runyorwa rwemhando dzinoshandiswa. Mari haisi pamutemo. Kuendesa kana kubva kunyika iri pane runyorwa rwenjodzi hakusi humbowo hwemhosva. Bhangi rakavhara account rakaita izvozvo pakuverenga kwaro kwemutemo, kwete pakuwana chokwadi, uye faira raro harisi humbowo hwechinhu chero chipi zvacho. Kana mamiriro ezvinhu akatemerwa akafanana netsananguro yepamutemo, hurongwa hahusviki padanho rechitatu, uye mupomerwi haana chikonzero zvachose.
Danho rechishanu ndiro danho rechipiri rekumanikidzwa. Kana paine tsananguro chaiyo uye inosimbiswa, muchuchisi anofanira kunyatsoiferefeta. Mafaira ekuti imwe nyaya yakataurwa mubvunzurudzo uye isina kumboongororwa, kana kuongororwa nekungobvunza kana inogona kurambwa, haararame nguva dzose. Vadziviriri vanofanira kunyora magwaro enyaya yacho zvakajeka uye nekunyora, uye, kana mutongi ari kuferefeta, kumbira matanho ekuferefeta anozosimbisa izvozvo.
Kunze kwehurongwa hwemutemo kune dziviriro dzakajairika. Pfuma yacho inogona kusabva mumhosva zvachose. Ruzivo kana kushaya hanya kunodiwa nenyaya inopomerwa kunogona kushaikwa, uye musiyano uripo pakati penyaya 420bis nenyaya 420quater unokosha pano. Kana munhu ari kupomerwa achinzi akageza mari yaakawana nekuda kwemhosva yake nekungoichengeta, mhosva yacho inofanira kunge iriyo nzira iri nyore pane mhosva yese. Uye humbowo hunowanikwa kuburikidza nekutsvaga zvisiri pamutemo, chikumbiro chedata chisina mvumo kana chikumbiro chepasi rose chisina kunaka chingafanira kubviswa.
Kutorwa kwezvitunha nekutorwa kwezvitunha zviri pamwe chete nenyaya yemhosva
Mumafaira ekubvisa mari, nyaya yemari inowanzo rwadza kupfuura yemhosva. Midziyo inogona kutorwa pakutanga, kuitira kuwana humbowo uye kuchengetedza gwaro rekutora zvinhu mune ramangwana, uye kutorwa kwemari kunogona kumisa maakaundi ebhangi, mota nezvinhu kare dare risati ratonga mhosva. Kunyunyuta pamusoro pekutorwa kwemari kunogona kuendeswa kudare, uye kumanikidza kunyunyuta ikoko nekukurumidza ndicho chinhu chinobatsira zvikuru chinoitwa negweta rekudzivirira mumwedzi yekutanga.
Kutora pfuma yemhosva (ontneming) inzira yakasiyana inotevera mutongo. Humbowo hwayo hwakaderera pane hwenyaya yemhosva: dare rinoshanda nezvinogoneka pane zvinoratidzwa pasina mubvunzo, uye rinogona kushandisa nzira dzekuverenga dzinoenzanisa mari nemari inoshandiswa kwemakore. Dziviriro inongotarisa pamhosva yemhosva chete uye isingateereri kuverenga kwekutora mari inowanzokunda hondo yacho uye inorasikirwa nemari yacho. Nyaya yedu yakasiyana pamusoro pezvirango zvekubvisa mari, faindi uye kutora mari inotsanangura zvakadzama divi remutongo.
Basa remupambi wako, kubva pakubvunzurudzwa kwekutanga kwemapurisa
Munhu anofungidzirwa kuti ndiye ane kodzero yekubvunza gweta asati abvunza uye kuva negweta riripo panguva yekubvunzurudzwa nemapurisa. Munyaya yekutsvaira mari, kodzero iyoyo haisi yepamutemo. Kubvunzurudzwa kwekutanga ndiko kunogadziriswa nhoroondo yekwakabva, uye mhinduro isina kugadzirira inopihwa kuti kubvunzurudzwa kupfupike inogona kuumba faira rese. Kumbira gweta, uye usataure chinhu nezvekwakabva pfuma kusvika wataura nerimwe.
Mushure meizvozvo, basa remupurisa rinonyanya kuenderana nefaira nenguva. Kuverenga faira sezvarinokura, kuona kuti ndeapi marudzi ekuferefeta kwacho anovimba nawo, kukumbira kuferefetwa kwakawedzerwa kuburikidza nemutongi anoferefeta, kuronga kuti magwaro anobva kunze kwenyika awanikwe uye ashandurwe nemazvo, uye kusarudza kuti tsananguro yacho inofanira kunyorwa riini. Mumafaira emakambani mune nzira yakafanana zvakare, nekuti kambani, vatungamiriri vayo nebasa rayo rekutevedzera mitemo vese vangangoda mazano akasiyana, uye kuferefeta kwemukati kunoitwa pasina kodzero yepamutemo mupfungwa kunogona kuguma sehumbowo hwekupomerwa mhosva.
Magumo enyaya idzi
Haasi mafaira ese anoendeswa kudare. Gurukota reOpenbaar rinogona kubvisa nyaya, kupa mutongo wekuti nyaya dzakareruka dzitaurwe, kana kubvumirana kuti nyaya yacho igadziriswe kunze kwedare (transactie), iyo munyaya dzemakambani makuru inoperekedzwa nemashoko akaburitswa echokwadi. Nzira yega yega ine mhedzisiro inopfuura chirango chayo pakarepo: chibvumirano chinoitwa pachena, chinogona kukanganisa marezenisi nehukama hwemabhangi, uye chinogona kuvimbwa nemakambani. Kana kugamuchira chimwe chinhu kwakachenjera inyaya yemufananidzo wese, kwete huwandu chete.
Kana nyaya yacho ikaenda kudare, mutongo wacho unoenderana nehuwandu hwenyaya dziripo, nguva yacho, basa remupomerwi uye kana mhosva yacho yagara ichipomerwa. Mhosva huru pasi pechikamu 420bis ingava makore matanhatu mujeri kana faindi yechikamu chechishanu, ine mhosva yepamusoro yemhosva yekugezesa mari nguva nenguva uye mhosva shoma kune mhosva dziri nyore.
Zvekuita kana uri munhu anofungirwa kuti ane mhosva
Usaedza kutsanangura nzira yako yekubuda mubvunzurudzo yekutanga. Usatamise midziyo, kuvhara maakaundi kana kukumbira bhangi kuti ridzorere chero chinhu kana wangoziva kuti pane kuferefeta kuri kuitwa, nekuti maitiro iwayo ndiwo chiratidzo chekutsvaira mari. Chengetedza magwaro pane kuarongedza. Unganidza zvese zvinoratidza kwakabva mari, kusanganisira zvinhu zvakachengetwa kunze kwenyika, wozvipa gweta rako pane kuvaferefeta zvakananga. Chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pezvinoreva kufungirwa kuti uri kutsvaira mari chinotsanangura matanho ekutanga zvakadzama.
Law and More inodzivirira vanhu nemakambani kubva mukupomerwa mhosva dzekubvisa mari muNetherlands, kubva pakubvunzurudzwa kwekutanga nemapurisa kuburikidza nekunyunyuta nezvekutorwa kwemari uye maitiro ekutorwa kwemari kusvika kudare. Tinoverenga faira kuti tione kuti muchuchisi anogona kuzviratidza sei uye tinovaka tsananguro kubva pamagwaro kwete pane zvakataurwa. Ona yedu nhungamiro dzemutemo wemhosva kana kutaurirana Law & More kuti tikurukure nezvemaonero ako.
Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve kushambidza mari
Ndeapi matanho matatu ekare ekubvisa mari?
Kushambidza mari kunowanzoitwa mumatanho matatu: kuisa mari muhurongwa hwemari; kuisa mari muzvikamu, kutevedzana kwematanho ekuviga kwakabva mari; uye kubatanidzwa, uko mari inosanganiswa nezvinhu zviri pamutemo.
Nyanzvi dzakadai semaakaunti kana vapi vemazano emutemo vanogona kukwezvwa mukuferefeta nyaya yekutsvagisa mari here?
Ehe. Magweta, maakaunzi nevamwe vanopa mabasa vanowira pasi peWwft, saka kukundikana kuita ongororo yemutengi kana kushuma kutengeserana kusingawanzoitiki kunogona kutungamira mukumanikidzwa kwemutemo. Mhosva yekuvhima mari pachayo inoda chinangwa kana kushaya hanya.
Mutemo wekuNetherlands wekuchenesa mari wakanyatsotsanangurwa here?
Kwete, mutemo wakakodzera muCriminal Code wakakura nemaune, uchipa vachuchisi mukana wakakura wekuvaka nyaya, nezvimwe zvikamu zvemutemo zvichitarisa nzira dzinodzokororwa uye dzisina hanya dzekubvisa mari.
Vakuru veNetherlands vari kuwedzera kutarisa kwavo pamhosva dzemari here?
Ehe, vakuru vakuru vekuDutch vakawedzera kuedza kubata mhosva dzemari, zvichiita kuti vanhu nemakambani vaongororwe zvakanyanya uye nguva nenguva.
