Kutanga bhizinesi muNetherlands kunopfuura nematanho mana epamutemo: kusarudza fomu repamutemo, kunyoresa murejista yekutengeserana inochengetwa neChamber of Commerce (KVK), kuzadzisa zvisungo zvinoenderana nefomu rawakasarudza, uye kuronga mapemiti, inishuwarenzi, uye makondirakiti zvinodiwa nebasa rako. Kuva nekambani yega kunogona kunyoreswa musangano rimwe chete; kambani yakazvimirira (BV) inoda gwaro remutemo kutanga. Sarudzo pakati pavo chisarudzo chemhosva isati yasvika pane chimwe chinhu.
Chisarudzo chinotanga: fomu repamutemo
Mutemo weDutch unopatsanura mafomu ebhizinesi kuita evane hunhu hwepamutemo neavo vasina, uye mutsetse iwoyo unosarudza kuti ndiani anobhadhara kana zvinhu zvikafamba zvisina kunaka. Bhizinesi remunhu mumwe chete (eenmanszaak) uye kubatana kwakajairika (vennootschap onder firma, VOF) hazvina hunhu hwepamutemo: bhizinesi nemunhu ari shure kwaro isangano rimwe chete repamutemo, saka vanokweretesa mabhizinesi vanogona kusvika kuzvinhu zvavo, kusanganisira imba nemari yavanochengeta. BV, cooperative nesangano vanhu vepamutemo vakasiyana vane midziyo yavo uye vane zvikwereti zvavo.
Ndiyo pfungwa huru yesarudzo. Zvimwe zvese, mutengo, mufananidzo, manejimendi, zvinobva mazviri.
Muridzi wega wega
Eenmanszaak inokodzera bhizinesi rebasa remunhu mumwe chete risina ruzivo rwakakwana. Kunyoresa kunokurumidza, zvisungo zvekuverenga mari zviri nyore uye purofiti inobvisirwa mutero mumari yemuridzi, uye rubatsiro rwevazvinabhizinesi runowanikwa mumakore ekutanga. Kune muridzi mumwe chete, kunyangwe bhizinesi racho ringangoshandisa vashandi.
Kuonekwa kwemunhu wacho hakuna muganho uye hakusi kwekufungidzira. Chirevo chekushaya hanya kwemushandi, kushaya mari kwemutengi kunokusiya usingakwanise kubhadhara vatengesi vako, kana tsaona panzvimbo yemutengi inogona kusvika pazvinhu zvepachivande, uye kana muzvinabhizinesi akaroora munharaunda yepfuma, kusangana kwemunhu wacho kunotevera. Inishuwarenzi yehunyanzvi neyevanhu vose inovhara chikamu chenjodzi iyoyo; haigadzire kupatsanurwa kwepamutemo. Kana chiitiko ichi chinosanganisira masheya, nzvimbo, vashandi kana mazano ayo vatengi vanovimba nawo nemari, eenmanszaak inowanzova fomu risiri iro.
Kudyidzana kwakazara
VOF vanhu vaviri kana kupfuura vanoita bhizinesi vachishandisa zita rimwe chete. Mumwe nemumwe wevaviri ava anopa mari, zvinhu kana basa, uye mumwe nemumwe wavo ane mutoro wechikwereti chose chemubatanidzwa. Saka mukweretesi anogona kudzosa chikwereti chose kubva kumubatsiri wake uyo anowana mari yakakwana, pasinei nepurofiti yemukati, uye mumwe wevaviri ava anosungwa nezvibvumirano zvinoitwa nevamwe vabatsiri mukati mebhizinesi.
Izvi zvinoita kuti chibvumirano chekudyidzana chive chakakosha pane kusarudza. Chinofanira kunyora mipiro, purofiti nekurasikirwa kwemasheya, kuita sarudzo uye miganhu yesimba remumwe nemumwe, zvinoitika pakurwara, rufu, pamudyandigere kana gakava, nzira yekuyera kukosha kwemugove wemumwe ari kubva, uye kusakwikwidzana uko mumwe wacho ane kodzero. Kudyidzana kusina chibvumirano chakanyorwa kunotsanangura mugove usingaenzaniswi wemakakatanwa atinoona. Mutemo wekuvandudza mutemo weDutch wekudyidzana wave uchigadzirira kwemakore uye hausati watanga kushanda; mitemo iripo muCode Yekutengeserana ichiri kushanda.
Kudyidzana kushoma (commandaire vennootschap) imhando yekudyidzana uko mumwe munhu asinganyari anopa mari asingatarisiri. Dziviriro iyoyo haina kusimba: mumwe munhu asinganyari anotora chikamu muhutungamiriri anorasikirwa nayo uye anova nemhosva zvizere, izvo zvinova musungo kune vanoisa mari vasingakwanise kuramba kubatanidzwa.
Kambani yakaganhurirwa yega
BV ndiyo nzira yakajairika yechinhu chero chipi zvacho chine vashandi, vanoisa mari vekunze, zvibvumirano zvine musoro kana njodzi chaiyo. Imunhu wepamutemo akasiyana, saka musimboti kambani chete ndiyo ine mutoro wechikwereti chayo; mugovani wemasheya anoisa mari panjodzi yemari inopihwa. Kubva muna 2012 hapana mari shoma yemasheya, saka BV inogona kubatanidzwa nemari shoma, uye masheya anogona kurongwa zvakasununguka, ndosaka vanoisa mari vachitarisira imwe.
Kubatanidzwa kwemakambani kunoda gwaro rekusimbisa makambani rinoitwa negweta remutemo wehurumende reDutch, rine zvinyorwa zvesangano, uye kambani inozonyoreswa murejista yekutengeserana. Zvinyorwa izvi hazvisi zvepamutemo: zvinosarudza kuti ndiani anogadza uye anodzinga vatungamiriri, kana kuchinjisa migove kwakaganhurirwa, kuti musangano mukuru unosarudza sei uye kana chero rimwe boka risiri musangano mukuru rine masimba. Shandisa nguva pazviri pakubatanidzwa kwemakambani, nekuti kuzvigadzirisa gare gare zvinoreva kudzokera kumugweta.
Muganho wemutoro hausiwo wakakwana. Vatungamiriri vanogona kuva nemhosva yekutarisira zvisina kunaka, yekugoverwa kwemari kwakaitwa pasina kuongororwa kwakakodzera kwemari, yemitero isina kubhadharwa uye mipiro yepensheni apo kambani yakatadza kuzivisa kusakwanisa kwayo kubhadhara, uye kune anokweretesa kwavakaita zvisungo vachiziva kuti kambani haigone kuzvizadzisa. Munhu anomirira BV isati yanyoreswa anosungirwa iye pachake kusvika kambani yabvumidza mutemo uyu, inova dambudziko rinowanzoitika apo kutengeserana kunotanga usati wagadzwa notary. Zvinyorwa zvedu pamusoro pematanho emutemo kubva papfungwa kuenda kuBV uye pamusoro pemutoro usati waiswa zvine chekuita nepfungwa dzese dziri mbiri.
Kuenzanisa mafomu
| fomu | Mhosva | Yakagadzirwa sei | Zvakanyanya kufanira |
|---|---|---|---|
| Eenmanszaak | Mutoro wemunhu wega usina muganho wemuridzi. | Kunyoresa murejista yekutengeserana; hapana notary. | Bhizinesi rimwe chete rebasa rine njodzi shoma. |
| VOF | Mubatsiri wega wega ane mutoro wechikwereti chose pamwe chete uye mumwe nemumwe. | Kunyoresa murejista yekutengeserana; chibvumirano chakanyorwa chekudyidzana chakakosha. | Vakaroorana vanovimbana uye vanobvuma kusangana nevamwe. |
| Commanditaire vennootschap | Vabatsiri vekutarisira vane mutoro wakakwana; mubatsiri akanyarara chete kana vakabatsira, kunze kwekunge ivo vachigona. | Kunyoresa pamwe nechibvumirano chinotsanangura basa remudiwa asina kutaurirana. | Mupi wemari asingashande pamwe chete nemushandi anoshanda. |
| BV | Kambani ine mutoro; vatungamiriri vane mutoro chete mumamiriro ezvinhu akatsanangurwa. | Chibvumirano chekunyora chibvumirano chepamutemo, wozonyoresa. | Vashandi, vanoisa mari, makondirakiti akakosha, njodzi yakakura. |
| Sangano remubatanidzwa kana sangano | Munhu wepamutemo akasiyana; mitemo chaiyo inoshanda. | Chibvumirano chekunyora uye kunyoresa. | Mabhizinesi ari nhengo; mabasa asina chinangwa chekuwana purofiti. |
Kuchinja chimiro chekambani gare gare kunogoneka. Kuva nebhizinesi rega kunogona kushandurwa kuita BV, uye kuita izvi panguva chaiyo, usati waonekwa, itsika yakajairika. Kuchinja uku kune mhedzisiro yepamutemo kune zvibvumirano, vashandi nemapemiti, izvo zvinofanirwa kuchinjirwa kana kuvandudzwa pane kufungidzirwa kuti zvinongotevera zvoga.
Kunyoresa murejista yekutengeserana
Bhizinesi rega rega muNetherlands rinofanira kunyorwa murejista yekutengeserana inochengetwa ne KVKKana uri wega kana kuti uri mushandi pamwe chete, unonyoresa wega, nekuzadza fomu online uye kupinda musangano wega; mutemo wenguva ndewekuti kunyoresa kunoitika kwete vhiki isati yasvika usati watanga kutengeserana uye kwete vhiki yapera. Kune BV, notary anowanzo gadzirisa kunyoresa kwekutanga sechikamu chekubatanidzwa.
Uyai nechitupa chepamutemo uye humbowo hwekero yebhizinesi. Kero inofanira kunge iri yechokwadi iyo bhizinesi rakavambwa; kunyoreswa kunosanganisira bhokisi retsamba chete kunogona kurambwa, uye kana muchishanda muri mumba munorendwa kana mufurati riri pasi pesangano revaridzi, tarisai chibvumirano chekugara uye mitemo yesangano musati manyoresa, nekuti zvese zvinowanzo rambidza kushandiswa kwebhizinesi.
Pamusangano unotsanangura mabasa ako, ayo anoshandurwa kuita imwe kana kupfuura makodhi eindasitiri akajairwa. Sarudza tsananguro yakarurama asi isiri yakamanikana, kuitira kuti kuwedzerwa kwebhizinesi kurege kuda kugadziriswa. Chikumbiro chacho ndecheveruzhinji, uye muripo unobhadharwa uyo KVK inogadzirisa uye inogadzirisa nguva nenguva.
Zita rekutengeserana inyaya yepamutemo, kwete yekutonga
Kunyoresa zita ne KVK haakupi kodzero yacho. Mutemo wezita rekutengeserana reDutch unorambidza kushandisa zita rekutengeserana iro rinogona kukonzera kuvhiringidzika nezita iro rimwe bhizinesi raitove richitoshandisa, zvichitongwa nerudzi rwemabhizinesi uye kwaanoshanda, uye KVK haiedze izvozvo kana ichibvuma kunyoreswa kwako. Bhizinesi rinogona kunyoreswa asi richizofanira kuchinja zita raro.
Macheki maviri anofanirwa kuitwa usati wazvipira kuisa zviratidzo, domain uye stationery. Tsvaga mazita akafanana murejista yekutengeserana muchikamu chako, uye tsvaga rejista yeBenelux trade mark, nekuti chiratidzo chekutengeserana chakanyoreswa chinogona kuvharira zita rekutengeserana kunyangwe zita rekutengeserana rakatanga munzvimbo yakasiyana. Kana zita racho richikosha kubhizinesi, rinyore sechiratidzo chekutengeserana; ndiyo chete nzira yekuwana kodzero yaro, uye rakachipa kupfuura rebrand. Chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pekuchengetedza pfuma yepfungwa muNetherlands chinofukidza portfolio yakakura.
Rejista yeUBO
Masangano epamutemo akanyoreswa muNetherlands anofanirawo kunyoresa varidzi vawo vekupedzisira vanobatsira, kureva vanhu vepachivande vanozopedzisira vava varidzi kana kuti vanodzora sangano iri, murejista yeUBO inochengetwa pamwe chete nerejista yekutengeserana. Chisungo ichi chinobva mumutemo weEuropean anti-money-laundering uye chinoshanda kuBV, cooperative, foundation uye partnership, asi kwete kune wega proprietorship. Kukundikana kunyoresa, kana kunyoresa zvisiri izvo, imhosva yehupfumi uye inomanikidzwa.
Kuwanikwa kwerejista hakuchave pachena. Mushure memutongo weDare reJustice reEuropean Union, kuwanikwa kweruzhinji kwakamiswa, uye rejista ikozvino yava kubvunzwa nevakuru vane hunyanzvi, Financial Intelligence Unit, masangano anoita ongororo yevatengi uye mapato anogona kuratidza kufarira kwavo. Rambai muchinyora: inofanira kugadziriswa kana chimiro chemuridzi kana chekutonga chachinja, uye mabhangi anochiongorora. Gwaro remashoko riri parejista yeUBO rinoratidza kuti ndiani anokodzera kuva muridzi anobatsira.
Kunyoreswa kwemitero, uye panogumira mazano edu
Kunyoresa murejista yekutengeserana kunoendeswa kuDutch Tax and Customs Administration otomatiki, uye nhamba yeVAT nezvimwe zvinongedzo zvemitero zvinoteverwa nepositi. Hamunyorese mega.
Hurongwa hwacho huri nyore kutsanangura. Purofiti inobva kubhizinesi rega rega kana kuti chikamu chemubatanidzwa inobvisirwa mutero mufomu yemutero wemuzvinabhizinesi. BV inobhadhara mutero wekambani papurofiti yayo, uye zvinotorwa nemuridzi kubva mairi, muhoro kana dividend, zvinobvisirwa mutero zvakare padanho remunhu, nemutemo wemuhoro unotarisirwa kutora director-shareholder. Mutero wekuwedzera mutengo unobhadhariswa pazvinhu zvakawanda uye unoverengerwa nguva nenguva, uye chirongwa chebhizinesi diki chinobvumira mabhizinesi ari pasi pemuganho wekuchinjana kuti asarudze kusabhadharisa uye kudzoreredza VAT zvachose.
Chinonyanya kukosha kupfuura chero tsananguro idzodzo isarudzo yavanoviga, uye ndiyo yatisingaitire vatengi nemaune. Ndeipi fomu inobatsira pamari, kana chirongwa chidiki chebhizinesi chakakodzera kurasikirwa neVAT, BV inova inokwezva padanho ripi repurofiti, kana chimiro cheholding chichifanira, uye kana muvambi anouya achikodzera chivakwa chekune imwe nyika, mibvunzo yemitero ine mhinduro dzinoenderana nemitengo nemiganhu inogadziriswa kanenge gore rega rega uye yakachinjwa kakawanda mumakore achangopfuura. Kambani iyi haipe mazano emitero. Endesa mibvunzo iyoyo kuna accountant kana kumupi wezano wemitero, bvunza nhamba dzinoshanda mugore raunotanga, uye wobva watiita kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti chimiro chepamutemo chiri pasi pemhinduro chakagadzirwa nemazvo.
Zvinhu zviviri zvepamutemo zvine chekuita nemitero zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa pano. Chekutanga, chengetedza mari dzebhizinesi nedzemunhu oga kubva pazuva rekutanga, uye chengeta zvinyorwa; chisungo chekuchengetedza hutongi hunogona kusimbiswa kubva pahuri chero nguva ndechepamutemo, uye kukundikana kutevedzera kune mhedzisiro inosvika kure kupfuura mutero, kusanganisira kufungidzira kwekutarisira kusina kunaka kana kambani ikakundikana gare gare. Chechipiri, BV isingakwanise kubhadhara mitero yayo yemihoro kana mipiro yepensheni inofanira kuzivisa zviremera nenguva; vatungamiriri vanokundikana kupa chiziviso ichocho vanotarisana nemhosva yemunhu, uye iyi ndeimwe yenzira dzakajairika dzekuti mutungamiriri wekambani diki ataure mhosva yake.
Mabhangi, inishuwarenzi uye zvibvumirano zvaunoda pazuva rekutanga
Akaundi yebhangi rebhizinesi reDutch ndiyo danho rinotevera rinoshanda, uye ndipo panowanzo rasikirwa nenguva nevanoita mabhizinesi matsva. Mabhangi anotarisirwa pasi pemutemo wekurwisa kubiwa kwemari uye anofanira kunzwisisa kuti ndiwe ani, bhizinesi rinoita sei, mari yaro inobva kupi uye kuti vatengi varo vachava vanaani. Tarisira kutsanangura izvozvo zvakajeka, kuti ugadzire chinyorwa cherejista yekutengeserana, chitupa uye nhamba yebasa revagari, uye kazhinji chirongwa chebhizinesi kana fungidziro yemari. Zvikumbiro zvinorambwa kana kunonoka kazhinji nekuti tsananguro yechiitiko haina kujeka kana kuti chimiro chemuridzi hachina kuratidzwa zvakajeka, saka gadzirira zvese zviri zviviri.
Panyaya yeinishuwarenzi, basa iri rinosanganisa zvinosungirwa uye zvinokurudzirwa zvikuru. Inishuwarenzi yehutano inosungirwa kune wese munhu anogara muNetherlands uye inofanira kurongwa mukati memwedzi mina yekunyoresa semugari. Inishuwarenzi yemotokari inosungirwa kune mota yebhizinesi. Kana wangoshandisa mumwe munhu, une basa repamutemo rekutarisira kuchengetedzeka kwake uye chisungo chekuramba uchibhadhara mihoro panguva yekurwara kwenguva yakareba, uye musanganiswa iwoyo ndiwo chikonzero chinoita kuti vashandirwi vavimbise njodzi.
Inishuwarenzi yemabasa ehunyanzvi inovhara kurasikirwa kwemari kunokonzerwa nekukanganisa kwekupa mazano kana mabasa ehunyanzvi, uye inishuwarenzi yemabasa eruzhinji inovhara kukuvara kwevanhu kana pfuma. Hapana kana imwe yeinishuwarenzi inodiwa pamutemo muzvikamu zvakawanda, asi mamwe mabasa anotongwa nemutemo anofanira kuva nerubatsiro, uye vatengi vazhinji vanoruda nekondirakiti. Muzvinabhizinesi asina vashandi haana dziviriro yemari inongoerekana yaitika panguva yekurwara kwenguva refu, ndosaka inishuwarenzi yekuremara ichikosha pamutengo pane kungofungidzira.
Zvadaro pane magwaro. Usati waisa mari yeinishuwarenzi kune chero munhu, unofanira kunge uine mitemo nemipimo yakanyorwa yebhizinesi rako uye yaunopa kune mumwe munhu usati waita chibvumirano kana panguva yekupa chibvumirano, nekuti mitemo isina kupihwa inogona kubviswa. Unofanira kunge uine chibvumirano chetemplate yebasa raunoita, rinobata nehukuru, muripo, pfuma yepfungwa uye mutoro. Kana ukagadzirisa ruzivo rwako, uye bhizinesi rese richiita, unoda gwaro rekuchengetedza ruzivo uye rekodhi yemabasa ekugadzirisa, uye chibvumirano chekugadzirisa nemutengesi wega wega anokutarisira ruzivo.
Mvumo, mitemo yechikamu uye zvinhu zvinokanganikwa nevanhu
Kunyoresa kunoita kuti bhizinesi rivepo; hazviiti kuti basa rive pamutemo. Mabasa akawanda anoda chimwe chinhu, uye mutoro wacho uri mumaoko emuzvinabhizinesi kwete emunhu. KVK.
Nzvimbo ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga yekutarisa. Kushandisa chivakwa nechinangwa chisingabvumidzwe nehurongwa hwekugadza nzvimbo kunoda mvumo pasi pemutemo wezvakatipoteredza wave uchishanda kubvira 2024, uye kusimbiswa kwacho kuri kubva kumasipala. Kupa doro kunoda rezenisi pasi peAlcohol Act, ine zvinodiwa nezvivakwa nevanhu vanozvitarisira. Kugadzirira kana kutengesa chikafu kunokuisa mukati memitemo yekuchengetedza chikafu uye kutarisirwa kwesimba rekuchengetedza chikafu nezvigadzirwa zvevatengi. Kutora mari kubva kune vatengi, kupa zvikwereti, inishuwarenzi kana masevhisi ekudyara mari, kana kubata mari yemutengi, kunogona kukuunza mukati mekutarisira mari, uye kupa mamwe masevhisi ehunyanzvi kunounza mitoro yekuziva vatengi uye kushuma kutengeserana kusingawanzoitika pasi pemutemo wekurwisa kushambidzwa kwemari.
Shanduko imwe chete inofanira kutaurwa zvakananga nekuti yava pedyo. Mabhizinesi anoita kuti vashandi vawanikwe nevamwe, iyo iri chikamu chemasangano enguva pfupi, achada kubvumidzwa kubva kusangano idzva rekugamuchira vasati vaita izvozvo. Kunyoresa kunovhurwa musi wa1 Mbudzi 2026 uye kunovhara musi wa31 Zvita 2026, chinodiwa chekubvumidzwa chinotanga kushanda musi wa1 Ndira 2027, uye kusimbiswa kwemutemo kunotevera kubva musi wa1 Ndira 2028. Chero ani zvake ari muchikamu ichocho kana pedyo anofanira kunge ari kubata nacho izvozvi kwete mugore idzva. Ongororo yedu yemutemo mutsva weDutch wevamabhizinesi inofukidza izvi nezvimwe shanduko munguva imwe chete.
Paunotora munhu wako wekutanga
Kuhaya vashandi kunochinja chinzvimbo chepamutemo chebhizinesi kupfuura chero rimwe danho rimwe chete. Zuva rekutanga risati rasvika unoda chibvumirano chebasa chakanyorwa chinoenderana nemutemo webasa wekuNetherlands, kunyoreswa kwemuhoro, uye kuongororwa kwenjodzi uye kuongororwa kwemamiriro ekushanda, icho chiri chisungo chepamutemo chemushandirwi wese ane vashandi uye icho vanoongorora vanoongorora. Unofanirawo kuona kana chibvumirano chebasa chemubatanidzwa chichishanda kuchikamu chako, nekuti kana chikaita zvachinoda pamuhoro, maawa ekushanda nemari yekubatsira vanodarika zvamakabvumirana mumwe nemumwe.
Kunyoresa kontrakita anozvishandira hakusi nzira yekudzivisa izvi. Kana hukama huripo hune zvinhu zvakaita sebasa, basa, muripo uye hukama hwechiremera, huchaonekwa sebasa chero zvataurwa nechibvumirano, zvichikonzera mitero yemihoro uye dziviriro yekudzingwa. Kurambidzwa kwekumanikidzwa kwevashandi munzvimbo iyi kwakapera musi wa1 Ndira 2025, uye mutemo unoisa fungidziro yekuramba kushanda iri pasi pemuganho weawa wega wega wagamuchirwa nekutanga kushanda kwawo kunofanira kuiswa nemutemo wehumambo. Nyora chibvumirano pamusoro pechinopihwa, chengetedza kontrakita akasununguka kushandira vamwe, uye ongorora nguva nenguva kana tsika yacho ichiri kuenderana nepepa racho.
Vavambi vasiri vagari veEU
Mvumo yekugara inobvumidza basa haina kufanana nemvumo yekumhanyisa bhizinesi rako wega, uye kunyoresa pa KVK Hazvisi kodzero yekushanda. Mugari wemunyika yeEU kana EEA kana yeSwitzerland haadi chimwe chinhu kunze kwekunyoreswa kwekanzuru. Vamwe vese vanoda gwaro rekugara rinofukidza kuzvishandira, uye kune nzira dzakasiyana-siyana: gwaro rekuti vanhu vanozvishandira, rinotariswa kukosha kwebhizinesi rehupfumi hweDutch; gwaro rekuti kutanga bhizinesi, rinopa muvambi gore rekuvaka bhizinesi nemubatsiri anozivikanwa; uye gwaro rekuti vanhu vanotama vane hunyanzvi hwepamusoro kune avo vachashandiswa nekambani yavo kana imwe. Vagari vemuUnited States vanogona kuvimba nenzira yechibvumirano ine mamiriro akareruka, uye vagari vemuTurkey vanobatsirwa nechibvumirano chekumira pasi pechibvumirano chekubatana neEuropean Union.
Chinokosha: ronga mvumo usati wazvipira kushanda munzvimbo, vashandi kana rendi, uye ziva kuti mvumo yekuzvishandira inoongororwa pachirongwa chebhizinesi chinofanira kutariswa nenyanzvi. Vatungamiriri vedu vevhiza yekutanga , mvumo yekuzvishandira uye yekuwana mvumo yebasa muNetherlands vanotsanangura zvinodiwa zvechimwe nechimwe, uye chinyorwa pamusoro pekugadzira BV yeDutch ine vagovani vekune dzimwe nyika chinotaura nezvekambani.
Zvisungo zvinouya sezvo bhizinesi richikura
Mabasa akawanda haabatanidzwi nekutanga asi kusvika pahukuru hwakati, uye anosvika pasina munhu anotumira chiyeuchidzo.
BV inofanirwa kuisa maakaundi ayo egore negore kurejista yekutengeserana, ine nguva yekupedzisira yemwedzi gumi nemiviri mushure mekupera kwegore rezvemari, uye kunonoka kuisa maakaundi kunoonekwa sekutonga kusina kunaka kana kambani ikazobhuroka gare gare. Makambani makuru anodawo kuongororwa. Kubva kuvashandi makumi mashanu, mushandirwi anofanira kuumba kanzuru yemabasa, uye anofanirawo kuva nenzira yemukati yekuzivisa mhosva dziri kufungidzirwa pasi pemutemo wekudzivirira vanozivisa, nekuchengetedzwa kwemunhu anoshuma.
Mutemo wezvesekitori unotevera maitiro akafanana. Kubva musi wa15 Nyamavhuvhu 2026, mutemo weDutch wekuchengetedzwa kwemakombiyuta unoshandisa European network neruzivo rwekuchengetedza ruzivo wakashanda kumasangano ari muzvikamu zvavakaronga, vachiunza basa rekunyoresa kuNational cyber security centre, kutora matanho ekuchengetedza uye kushuma zviitiko zvakakosha mukati memaawa makumi maviri nemana pakutanga uye nemushumo wakazara mukati memaawa makumi manomwe nemaviri. Kana bhizinesi rako riri mukati mebasa zvinoenderana nechikamu charo nehukuru hwaro, uye mhinduro yacho yakakodzera kujekeswa pane kungofungidzira.
Pfungwa huru ndeyekuti bhizinesi rekuNetherlands rinotongwa zvishoma pakutanga uye rinotongwa zvishoma nezvishoma sezvarinokura. Kuva netsika yekutarisa, kamwe chete pagore, kuti ndezvipi zvisungo zvarakura kuita bhizinesi iri zvakachipa pane kuwana chimwe chazvo kuburikidza netsamba yekumanikidza.
Zvekuita zvakarongwa sei
Nzira inodzivisa matambudziko mazhinji ipfupi. Sarudza fomu repamutemo zvichibva pakuonana, kwete mutengo. Kana iri BV, raira notary uye usabvumirane nezita rekambani usati waita chibvumirano. Tarisa zita racho uchienzanisa nerejista yekutengeserana nerejista yechiratidzo chekutengeserana usati wazvipira kwairi. Nyorera ne KVK mukati menguva yemutemo uye iva nechokwadi chekuti kero yacho ndiyo yaunobvumirwa kushandisa mukutengeserana. Nyorera varidzi vezvibatsiro kana fomu richida izvozvo. Vhura account yebhangi nenhoroondo yakajeka yezvinoitwa nebhizinesi. Isa mitemo yakajairika, chibvumirano chakajairwa uye magwaro ekudzivirira data usati waisa invoice. Sarudza kuti ndeipi mvumo yebhizinesi rako, uye nyorera usati watanga pane mushure meizvozvo. Uye paunoshandira kana kukumbira chero munhu, tora chibvumirano pakutanga chaipo, nekuti izvozvo zvakachipa pane kugadzirisa mushure memwedzi gumi nemisere.
Mibvunzo inowanzobvunzwa
Iyi ndiyo mibvunzo yatinowanzo bvunzwa nevatangi vekambani iyi. Mhinduro dzacho dzakafanana; zvinokunetsa zvinoenderana nemutemo wako, rudzi rwako uye chikamu chauri kupinda.
Zvinodhura marii kutanga bhizinesi pano?
Mari yekutanga yekuseta inotsamira pane zviri pamutemo chimiro chaunoenda.
Kana iwe uchigadzira an Eenmanszaak (Sole proprietorship), maitiro acho ari nyore. Iwe uchasangana nemari yekunyoresa kamwe chete pa KVK (Chamber of Commerce), iyo yakagadzwa ne KVK uye kugadziriswa nguva nenguva uye panguva yekunyora kwacho kwava pedyo €80. Iyo yakaderera-mutengo uye yakananga nzira yekutanga.
Kune rumwe rutivi, kutanga kambani yeBV (kambani yakazvimirira) inyaya yepamutemo. Zvinoda notary wemutemo wehurumende kuti anyore gwaro repamutemo rekubatanidzwa. Mari dzenotary hadzina kugadzwa nemutemo uye dzinosiyana pakati pemakambani, saka kumbira mutengo; sehurongwa hwehukuru hwacho dzinotangira pa €500 kusvika ku€1,500 , dzimwe nguva dzakatowanda, zvichienderana nekuti zvinyorwa zvesangano rekambani yako zvakaoma sei. Musakanganwa kuronga bhajeti yezvimwe zvingangoitika zvakaita sezano remutemo, software yakanaka yekuverenga, uye muripo wekuvhura account yebhangi rebhizinesi.
Zano rinokurumidza paKOR (Mabhizinesi Madiki Scheme): nepo ichitaridzika kuyedza, funga nezvazvo. Kana uri kuronga kuita mabhindauko makuru ekutanga-sekutenga midziyo kana software-kukwanisa kutorazve BTW (VAT) pakutenga ikoko kungave kwakakosha kudarika kurongeka kweKOR.
Ndingakwanisa here kumhanyisa bhizinesi rangu rekuDutch kubva kune imwe nyika?
Hongu, unogona, asi haisi nguva dzose yakatwasuka uye zvinoenderana zvakanyanya nerudzi rwebhizinesi rako.
Kana uri munhu ane BV, unofanira kunge uine kero yakanyoreswa muNetherlands. Izvozvo zvinodiwa pamutemo zvisingakurukuriranwe. Kubva pamaonero emitero, Dutch Tax and Customs Administration ( Belastingdienst ) ichatarisa kuti manejimendi yekambani inoshanda sei. Kana sarudzo huru dzese dziri kuitwa uri kunze kwenyika, zvinogona kuomesa mamiriro ekugara mutero kwekambani yako.
Kune Eenmanszaak , mamiriro acho akasiyana. Chimiro ichi chakabatana newe pamutemo, saka unofanirwa kunge uri mugari weNetherlands kuti ugadzire chimwe. Kuedza kuchitungamira uri kunze kwenyika hakushandi uye kazhinji hakuenderani nemitemo yekutevedzera mitemo.
Ndinofanira kutaura chiDutch here?
Nepo kudzidza chiDutch kuchizovhura nyika yemikana yezvese hupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye bhizinesi, hachisi chekuomesera chaunofanira-kutanga. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya mumahombe epasi rose se Amsterdam, Rotterdam, uye The Hague.
Nharaunda yebhizinesi yeDutch ine yakasarudzika yepamusoro nhanho yehunyanzvi hweChirungu. Iwe uchaona kuti akawanda epamutemo maitiro ane miviri yakaita seye KVK uye Belastingdienst inogona kubatwa neChirungu. Nekudaro, gadzirira kuti mamwe matsamba epamutemo uye zvinyorwa zvisvike muchiDutch chete. Kuve nechishandiso cheshanduro chakavimbika kana, kunyangwe zvirinani, chipangamazano wepano paruoko idanho rakangwara.
Mutongo we30% chii uye ndinokodzera here?
Mutongo we30% inzira yemitero yevashandi vane hunyanzvi vanotorwa kubva kunze kweNetherlands. Zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara, uye nehuwandu hwenguva iyo mitemo yemitero yazvino yakachinja kanopfuura kamwe chete, inobvumira mushandirwi kubhadhara kusvika ku30% yemuhoro wemushandi semari isingabhadharwe mutero. Pfungwa ndeyekubatsira kuderedza mari yekuwedzera inowanzo shandiswa nevashandi vekune dzimwe nyika pavanotama.
Saka, izvi zvinoshanda sei kwauri semuzvinabhizinesi? Kana ukagadzira BV, unobva wava mushandi wekambani yako. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unogona kukodzera mutongo we30%, asi zvinodiwa zvacho zvakanyatsojeka uye zvakasimba:
- Iwe unofanirwa kunge wakatorwa kana kuchinjirwa kubva kunze kwenyika.
- Iwe unofanirwa kuve nehunyanzvi chaihwo hunonzi hushoma mumusika wevashandi weDutch.
- Muhoro wako unofanirwa kusangana nechero chikumbaridzo, chinovandudzwa gore rega rega.
Iyi ipfungwa ine simba, asi nguva ndiyo inonyanya kukosha. Haugone kunyorera basa iri kana watotanga kugara nekushanda muNetherlands. Zvakakosha kuti ugadzirise izvi usati watanga chibvumirano chako chebasa neDutch BV yako itsva.
Ndinoda chirongwa chebhizinesi kuti ndinyorese here?
Izvo zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvako uye chimiro chebhizinesi.
Nokuti nyore Eenmanszaak registration pa KVK, hauzodi kuendesa yakarongeka, 20-mapeji bhizinesi chirongwa. Iwe, zvakadaro, uchakumbirwa kuti upe rondedzero yakajeka uye yakapfupika yezviitwa zvako zvebhizinesi rakarongwa. Vanofanira kuziva zvaunenge uchiita.
For a BV, ivo KVK kuzvinyoresa pachako hakudi chirongwa chebhizinesi zvakare. Nekudaro, iwe unenge uchingoda imwe yekuvhura bhizinesi rebhangi account. Mabhangi anofanirwa kuona hurongwa hwakasimba hwekunzwisisa kugona kwebhizinesi rako uye kuzadzisa iwo ega kuteedzera uye kwakakodzera kushingairira zvisungo. Uye kana iwe uchinyorera vhiza yekutanga kana kutsvaga chero mhando yechikwereti kana yekudyara, nyanzvi, yakadzama bhizinesi chirongwa harisi zano rakanaka - rakakosha.
Law and More inopa mazano kuvavambi nemakambani panyaya dzemutemo wekutanga bhizinesi muNetherlands: kusarudza uye, pazvinenge zvichidikanwa, kuchinja fomu repamutemo, kunyora zvinyorwa zvesangano nevanogovana masheya, zvibvumirano zvekudyidzana, mitemo nemamiriro ezvinhu nezvibvumirano zvebhizinesi, magwaro ebasa neakondirakita, uye mvumo yekugara iyo vanovambi vanobva kunze kweEuropean Union vanoda. Kana uri kugadzirira kutanga, kana kuti wakatonyoresa uye uchida kuti nheyo dzepamutemo dziongororwe bhizinesi risati rakura, ndapota taura nesu.
