Kuti grid yemagetsi kana gasi inokodzera sesystem yakavharwa zvakakosha zvikuru. Chitupa ichi chinosarudza kana muridzi achigona kunyorera kuACM kuti azivikanwe, kana kuti pane kudaro anosungirwa kugadza mushandi wegrid, uye kuti ndezvipi zvinosungirwa muridzi kune mapato akabatana.
Kubva musi wa1 Ndira 2026 nyaya iyi yave ichitongwa neDutch Energy Act (Energiewet), iyo yakatsiva izwi rekuti "closed distribution system" uye kusunungurwa kwakabatana nekuzivikanwa se closed system, zvichiteverwa nekugadzwa kwemushandi. Muchinyorwa chino tinotarisa zvinodiwa zvemutemo zveChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet chimwe nechimwe. Kuti uwane hurongwa hwakakura, tinotarisa chinyorwa chedu chekuongorora magridi ega uye masisitimu ekugovera akavharwa.
Chekutanga: pane hurongwa here?
Zvisati zvatanga kushanda muChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet, zvinofanira kutanga zvaonekwa kuti pane nzira yekugovera.
Sisitimu yekugovera magetsi itambo dzemagetsi nemidziyo inoenderana nayo yekufambisa magetsi ari pasi pe110 kV. Sisitimu yekugovera gasi ine chekuita nekutakura gasi munharaunda kana munharaunda, kusasanganisa network yekugadzira gasi.
Pamusoro pezvo, Energiewet inoziva kuiswa uye mutsetse wakananga sezvikamu zvakasiyana. Kuiswa kuri kuseri kwenzvimbo yekubatanidza uye kunoshandiswa kana kutarisirwa nebato rimwe chete rakabatana; harisi grid. Mutsetse wakananga kubatana kwakatsanangurwa kwakasiyana pakati pekuisa kwekugadzira nemushandisi mumwe chete kana kupfuura, uko chisungo chekuzivisa kuACM chinoshanda. Musiyano uripo pakati pezvikamu izvi zvitatu ndewechokwadi uye unofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya mukuita.
Mamiriro ekuunganidzwa kweChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet
Kana zvangoonekwa kuti pane sisitimu yekugovera, ACM inoongorora pakushandiswa kwayo kana zvinodiwa neChinyorwa 3.7, ndima yekutanga, Energiewet zvazadzikiswa. Izvi zvinoshanda pamwe chete: zvinhu zvese zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa kuti zvizivikanwe sesisitimu yakavharwa kuti zvikwanisike. Mamiriro makuru akurukurwa pazasi.
Hapana mushandi aripo uye haasi chikamu cheboka rezvivakwa
Hapana mushandi angave atove akagadzwa kuti ashande muhurongwa uhu, uye hurongwa uhu hunogona kunge husiri chikamu cheboka rezvivakwa. Izvi zvinoonekwa pachena, asi zvinofanira kutariswa pakugadzirisa magrid aripo kana pakutenga nzvimbo iyo mushandi ari kutoshanda.
Nzvimbo yakaganhurirwa nenzvimbo ine zvinongedzo
Sisitimu iyi inofanira kunge iri munzvimbo ine maindasitiri kana mabhizinesi akaganhurana nenzvimbo, kana nzvimbo ine mabasa akafanana, akadai sepaki yemakemikari, chiteshi chengarava kana nzvimbo yemaindasitiri, paki yebhizinesi, kana nzvimbo yekurima horticulture. Pamusoro pezvo, mutemo unoda kuti sisitimu iyi ive nehunyanzvi, hurongwa kana mashandiro mukati menzvimbo iyoyo. Saka kutsanangura nzvimbo chete hakuna kukwana; panofanirawo kuva nekubatana kwakasimba pakati pesisitimu nenzvimbo yairi.
Mapato akabatana asingasviki chiuru
Vashandisi vekupedzisira havafanirwe kubatanidzwa kune sisitimu iyi kupfuura chiuru. Saka vanhu chiuru vakabatana havachapindi mumuganhu wepamutemo; mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe ndiyo nhamba yepamusoro inogoneka pasi pemamiriro aya. Kune nzvimbo zhinji dzemaindasitiri izvi hazvisi dambudziko, asi munzvimbo huru dzemabhizinesi nenzvimbo dzinogara vanhu vakawanda, nhamba iyi inofanirwa kutariswa, semuenzaniso kana paine vanhu vadiki vari mukati mekubatana kwakabatana. Nzira chaiyo yekuverenga muzviitiko zvakadaro haina kunyatsotsanangurwa mumutemo; kana paine mubvunzo, tinokurudzira kuti izvi zvienderane neACM pachine nguva.
Hapana vashandisi vemhuri
Sisitimu yakavharwa inogona, musimboti, kusapa vashandisi vemhuri. Chikonzero ndechekuti dziviriro yevatengi: mhuri dzinofanira kunge dziri pasi pegridi yeruzhinji, nedziviriro dzakakodzera. Mutemo unobvumira kusashandiswa kwakaganhurirwa kwezvisina kurongeka nenhamba diki yevashandisi vemhuri vanoshanda ne, kana vane hukama hwakafanana, nemuridzi wesisitimu, senge vagari vekambani inogara panzvimbo iyi. Kusashandiswa uku kunoenderana nemutemo weEurope.
Maitiro akabatanidzwa kana kugoverwa kune muridzi
Chekupedzisira, chimwe chezvimiro zviviri zvakakosha chinofanira kuzadzikiswa. Kungave maitiro ebhizinesi kana ekugadzira emapato akabatana akabatanidzwa nehurongwa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvehunyanzvi kana zvekuchengetedza, sezvinoitika paboka remakemikari apo kuiswa kwemakambani akasiyana-siyana kwakabatana maererano nehunyanzvi hwekuita uye tekinoroji yesimba. Kana kuti hurongwa hunogovera magetsi kana gasi kumuridzi kana mushandi wehurongwa, kana kumakambani akabatana. Kubatana kwehupfumi pakati pemapato akabatana hakuna kukwana pasi pechinyorwa chemutemo; ACM inoda kusimbiswa kwakasimba kwekubatanidzwa kwehunyanzvi kana kugoverwa kwekutanga kumuridzi.
Kuchengetedzeka, kuvimbika uye mwero wemagetsi
Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedzeka nekuvimbika kwesystem kunofanirwa kuchengetedzwa zvakakwana, uye pamagetsi panofanira kuva nevoltage yepamusoro ye220 kV. Kune system isati yagadzirwa, kuzivikanwa kunogona kutoitwa kana mvumo, kuregererwa uye mvumo dzawanikwa.
Nguva yesarudzo yeACM
Pasi peChinyorwa 3.54, ndima yekutanga, Energieregeling, ACM inofanira kusarudza chikumbiro chekuzivikanwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu. Nguva iyi inogona kuwedzerwa kamwe chete, nemwedzi mitanhatu chete. Vanyoreri vangaita zvakanaka kufunga nezvenguva iyi yekutanga pavanenge vachironga kutengeserana kana purojekiti iyo kuzivikanwa kwayo sehurongwa hwakavharwa kunodiwa.
Kubva pakuzivikanwa kusvika pakugadzwa kwemushandi
Kuzivikanwa kwehurongwa neACM pasi peChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet hakuna kufanana nekugadzwa kwemushandi. Kana hurongwa hwangozivikanwa, ACM inogadza, pakunyorera, mushandi akasarudzwa nemuridzi, pasi peChinyorwa 3.6 Energiewet. Kune masisitimu aripo ane kuregererwa kwekare, Chinyorwa 7.32 Energiewet inopa mutemo wekuchinja: muridzi wehurongwa hwakadaro anoonekwa, kwenguva yasara yekuregererwa, semunhu anoonekwa seanobvumidzwa uye anogadzwa.
Mhedzisiro yekuzivikanwa
Kuzivikanwa sehurongwa hwakavharwa kunounza zvisungo zvawo, zvakasiyana nezvinodiwa zvekuzivikanwa pachazvo. Chisungo chekubatanidza nekutakura chemushandi chinonyatso tungamirirwa kupfuura basa rakajairika. Pasi peChinyorwa 3.105, ndima yekutanga, Energiewet, mushandi anofanira, pakukumbira, kupa chikumbiro chekuvaka kana kugadzirisa kubatana, uye, pakukumbira, kupa chikumbiro chekuita kuti kubatana kuwanikwe, kutarisira nekuchengetedza kubatana uye kwekutakura. Mushandi anogona kuramba kana pasina kutakura kwakakwana, chero bedzi kuramba kwacho kwakasimbiswa zvakanaka.
Mari yemushandisi inodzorwawo nemutemo: pasi peChinyorwa 3.114, ndima yekutanga, Energiewet, mari yemutero inofanira kunge yakavakirwa panzira yekuverenga yakaburitswa pachine nguva uye inofanira kunge iine mwero wemari, yakajeka uye isingasaruri. ACM inogona, mushure mekunyunyuta, kuda kugadziriswa kwenzira kana mari yemutero.
Pamusoro pezvo, sisitimu yakavharwa haingobviswi pakugadzirisa kuzara kwemidziyo. Pasi peChinyorwa 3.104, ndima yekutanga, Energiewet, zvisungo zvekutarisira kuzara kwemidziyo zvinoshandiswa zvinoenderana nemushandisi wesisitimu yakavharwa.
Iyo Systemecode elektronitiit 2026 (kodhi yemagetsi iri pasi peEnergiewet) inoda, kana paine kushomeka kwekutakura, kuti paitwe ongororo pamusoro pezvimwe zvinhu, matanho ehunyanzvi, manejimendi yekuzara kwemagetsi nekuzara kwemagetsi, uye mushandi anofanira kushandisa zvimwe zvinhu kubva kuSysteemcode elektronitiit 2026 uye Informatiecode elektronitiit en gas (Kodhi yeRuzivo Magetsi neGasi) maererano nemaitiro emusika uye mameseji emagetsi. Kuti, uye kusvika papi, mushandi pachake anowira pasi pechibvumirano chega chega chemanejimendi semushandi wegrid zvinoenderana nebasa rake uye zvinoda kuongororwa kwenyaya imwe neimwe.
Kubviswa kwekuzivikanwa
Kuzivikanwa sehurongwa hwakavharwa hakuna kuchengetedzeka zvachose. Pasi peChinyorwa 3.2 Energiebesluit, ACM inogona kubvisa kuzivikanwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu kana mamiriro eChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet asingachazadzikiswe, apo hurongwa husina kutungamirirwa nemushandi akagadzwa, kana paine kutyorwa kwezvisungo zvemushandi, kana chikumbiro chacho chine ruzivo rusina kururama kana rusina kukwana. Saka kubvisa mvumo yacho imhedzisiro chaiyo yepamutemo, kwete kungofungidzira chete.
Chimiro cheEurope
Zvinodiwa nenyika zvinonyatsoenderana neChinyorwa 38 cheDirective (EU) 2019/944 chemagetsi uye Chinyorwa 28 cheDirective (EU) 2009/73 chegasi. Mitemo yese iri miviri inotaura nezvenzvimbo ine miganhu yeindasitiri kana yekutengeserana ine masevhisi akagovaniswa, kurambidzwa kwevatengi vemumba kunze kwekushandiswa zvisina tsarukano nenhamba diki yemhuri dzakabatana, kubatanidzwa kwezvikonzero zvehunyanzvi kana zvekuchengetedza kana kugoverwa kwekutanga kumuridzi, mushandi kana makambani akabatana, mukana wekuregererwa kubva pakubvumidzwa kwemitero yekare, uye kuongororwa kwemitero kana nzira dzekuverenga kana mushandisi akakumbira.
Mirayiridzo yacho pachayo haitauri nezvemapoka akawanda akabatana; muganho wepasi pechiuru chimwe chete ndiwo mutemo wenyika pasi peChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet. Nezve gasi, Chinyorwa 32 cheDirective (EU) 2009/73 chinodawo kuti vanhu vechitatu vasvike pamutengo wemagetsi wakaburitswa uye wakashandiswa zvisina tsarukano, uye nezvemagetsi, Zvikamu 32 ne59 zveDirective (EU) 2019/944 zvinopa mamiriro ekutarisira kugoverwa, mitengo uye mukana wekuwana.
Chitupa ichi chinofanira kuramba chichitariswa
Grid inosangana nezvinodiwa nhasi inogona kurasikirwa nechinzvimbo ichocho mukuita. Kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwevanhu vakabatana, shanduko mukushanda kwenzvimbo, kutengeswa kwemayuniti ebhizinesi, kana kubuda kwemushandisi mukuru kunogona kukonzera kuti mamiriro eChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet asazadzikiswe, pamwe nekubviswa kwekuzivikanwa semugumisiro.
Uyu hausi mutemo wakagadzwa nemutemo wenyaya, asi unobva pamamiriro ezvinhu akabatanidzwa: shanduko yega yega inofanirwa kuongororwazve zvichienderana neChinyorwa 3.7. Saka tinokurudzira kutarisa nguva nenguva kana mamiriro ese ari kuramba achizadzikiswa; izvi zvinoumba chikamu chekutarisira kwakajairika kwegridi yemunhu.
Maitiro ekuongorora zvinodiwa zve closed system
Kukodzera sehurongwa hwakavharwa kunoda kuongororwa kwechokwadi uye kwemutemo kwegrid, nzvimbo yacho uye mapato akabatana, akaongororwa zvichienderana nemamiriro akaunganidzwa eChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet. Kugadzirira kwakanyatsonaka kunodzivirira chikumbiro chekuzivikanwa kuti chisakundikana, kana mushandi achitarisira grid asingazive asina kodzero yekuva nedhizaini. Hauna chokwadi here kana grid yako ichikodzera sehurongwa hwakavharwa, kana kuti ungada kuti kuzivikanwa kwako kuripo kana kuregererwa kwako kuongororwe? Magweta edu emutemo wesimba anofara kufunga newe.
Mibvunzo inowanzobvunzwa
Chii chinosiyanisa system yakavharwa ne public grid?
Sisitimu yakavharwa igrid yakavanzika panzvimbo ine miganhu yeindasitiri kana yekutengeserana, iyo, musimboti, isina mhuri dzakabatana nayo uye iyo muridzi pachake anosarudza mushandi. Grid yeruzhinji inotungamirirwa nemushandi wegrid wenguva dzose uye, musimboti, yakavhurika kune chero mushandisi, kusanganisira mhuri.
Asi system yakavharwa inogona kunge iine vanhu vangani vakabatana?
Vasingasviki chiuru chimwe chete. Mapato akabatana chiuru chimwe chete haachapindi mukati memuganhu wepamutemo; mazana mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemapfumbamwe ndiwo akanyanya kukwira. Nzira chaiyo yekuverenga, semuenzaniso, vagari vemo vari shure kwekubatana kwakagovaniswa haina kutsanangurwa nemutemo; kana usina chokwadi, enzanisa izvi neACM pachine nguva.
Sisitimu yakavharwa inogona kupa mhuri here?
Muchokwadi, kwete. Pane musiyano mudiki unoshanda pakushandiswa zvisina tsarukano nevanhu vashoma vanoshandisa dzimba vanoshanda ne, kana vane hukama hwakafanana, nemuridzi wesystem, vakaita sevagari vekambani inogara panzvimbo iyi.
Maitiro ekuzivikanwa kweACM anotora nguva yakareba sei?
Mupfungwa, ACM inofanira kusarudza chikumbiro chekuzivikanwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu. Nguva iyi inogona kuwedzerwa kamwe chete, nemwedzi mitanhatu chete. Funga nezveizvi paunenge uchironga kutengeserana kana chirongwa.
Chii chinoitika kune kuregererwa kuripo pasi pemutemo wekare?
Kune masisitimu aripo ane mvumo yekare yekusunungurwa, Chikamu 7.32 Energiewet chinopa mutemo wekuchinja: muridzi anoonekwa, kwenguva yasara yekusunungurwa, semunhu anoonekwa uye anogadzwa. Saka chikumbiro chitsva hachidiwi munguva iyoyo.
Ko kucherechedzwa, kana kwangobvumidzwa, kunogona kubviswa zvakare here?
Ehe. Pasi peChinyorwa 3.2 Energiebesluit, ACM inogona kubvisa kuzivikanwa, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu kana mamiriro eChinyorwa 3.7 Energiewet asingachazadzikiswe, apo sisitimu yacho isiri kutungamirirwa nemushandi akagadzwa, kana paine kutyorwa kwezvisungo zvemushandi, kana kuti chikumbiro chacho chaive neruzivo rusina kururama kana kuti rusina kukwana.
Ko sisitimu yakavharwa haina mutoro wekugadzirisa kuzara kwevanhu here?
Kwete, kwete otomatiki. Pasi peChinyorwa 3.104 Energiewet, zvisungo zvekutarisira kuzara kwemagetsi zvinoshandiswa zvinoenderana nemushandisi wesystem yakavharwa. Kuti, uye kusvika papi, chisungo chaicho chinoshanda chinoda kuongororwa kwenyaya imwe neimwe.
