Mushandi anogona kunamata here panguva yekushanda? Mushandirwi anofanirwa here kupa imba yekunamatira? Ndeipi mhedzisiro yepamutemo yekurambidza jira remusoro kana kudzinga munhu anoramba kukwazisana maoko nekuda kwezvikonzero zvechitendero? Iyi haisi mibvunzo yepfungwa - inomuka zuva nezuva munzvimbo dzebasa dzekuDutch. Muchinyorwa chino chakakwana, basa mutemo nyanzvi pa Law & More tsanangura zvakajeka hurongwa hwemutemo, ongorora nyaya dzemutemo dzichangoburwa, uye kupa gwara rinoshanda kune vese vashandirwi nevashandi.

Ungave uri mushandirwi ari kutsvaga kuumba mutemo wakajeka wekusiyana-siyana kwevanhu, kana kuti mushandi ari kufungidzira kuti tsika yako yechitendero iri kurambidzwa kubasa: chinyorwa chino chinokupa ruzivo rwemutemo rwaunoda.

1. Chii chinonzi rusununguko rwechitendero kubasa — uye sei ruchikosha pamutemo?

Rusununguko rwechitendero ikodzero huru muNetherlands, inotsigirwa muChikamu 6 cheBumbiro reDare reDutch neChikamu 9 cheEuropean Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). Harungodziviriri rusununguko rwekutenda chimwe chinhu chete, asiwo rusununguko rwekuita izvozvo — muhupenyu hwepachivande uye kubasa.

Munyaya yebasa, kodzero iyi huru inotsanangurwa kuburikidza neEqual Treatment Act (Algemene wet gelijke behandeling — AWGB). Chinyorwa 5 cheAWGB chinorambidza vashandirwi kuita mutsauko zvichibva pachitendero, chitendero, maonero ezvematongerwo enyika, rudzi, bonde, nyika, mafungiro epabonde kana mamiriro ekuroorana pavanopinda kana kugumisa hukama hwebasa - kunze kwekunge paine chikonzero chaicho.

Sei izvi zvichikosha kudaro? Vashandi vekuDutch vakasiyana-siyana zvikuru. VaMuslim vanonyengetera nekutsanya panguva yeRamadan, maKristu anoda kutora nguva yekuzorora pazororo rechitendero, maSikh vanopfeka ngowani, maJuda anochengeta Sabata: mamiriro ese aya anogona kukonzera kusawirirana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwemushandirwi. Kusawirirana ikoko kunodzorwa nemutemo - asi nguva dzose kunoda kuyera zvido zvemunhu mumwe nemumwe.

2. Hurongwa hwemutemo: mutemo weDutch unoti chii?

Mitemo mikuru inodzora rusununguko rwechitendero munzvimbo yebasa yeDutch ndeiyi:

• Chinyorwa 6 cheBumbiro reMitemo reDutch: rinovimbisa rusununguko rwechitendero nekutenda.
• Chinyorwa 9 cheECHR: chinodzivirira rusununguko rwekufunga, hana uye chitendero padanho reEurope.
• Zvinyorwa 1 ne5 AWGB: zvinorambidza rusarura rwakananga nerusina kunanga rwakavakirwa pachitendero muhukama hwevashandi.
• Chinyorwa chechipiri AWGB: chinotsanangura kuti musiyano unogona kururamiswa riini.
• Chinyorwa 7:648 Dutch Civil Code (BW): inorambidza vashandi vanodzvinyirira nekuda kwekushandisa kodzero dzakaenzana dzekubatwa.
• Mutemo weKushanda Unochinjika (Wet flexibel werken — Wfw): unopa hwaro hwezvikumbiro zvekugadzirisa maawa ekushanda, kusanganisira mabasa echitendero.
• Mutemo weMaawa Ekushanda (Arbeidstijdenwet — ATW, Chinyorwa 4:1a): unoda kuti vashandirwi vafunge nezvemamiriro avo ega, kusanganisira mabasa echitendero, kusvika pamwero unogoneka.

Zvimwe zvisingabatanidzwi: machechi echitendero nehushumiri hwezvemweya hazvibatanidzwi pane zvimwe zvinhu pasi peChikamu 3 cheAWGB. Mitemo yekuwedzera yekusapindira inoshanda kune vashandirwi vehurumende pasi peMutemo weVashandi veHurumende wa2017 (Ambtenarenwet 2017).

3. Kusarurana kwakananga nekwakasiyana: musiyano unochinja zvese

AWGB inosiyanisa pakati pemhando mbiri dzekusarura kusingabvumidzwe:

Kusarura zvakananga

Iyi ndiyo nzira iri nyore: mushandi anobatwa zvakasiyana nekuda kwechitendero chake. Semuenzaniso, munhu anenge achinyorera basa haapihwe basa nekuti muMuslim, kana kuti mushandi anodzingwa basa nekuti akapfeka jira remusoro. Kusarurana zvakananga nekuda kwechitendero hakumbobvumirwi - kunyangwe kana mushandirwi achikurudzira kusapindira mune zvematongerwo enyika kana tsika dzebhizinesi.

Kusarura kusina kunanga

Kusarura kusina kunanga kunoitika kana mutemo kana chiyero chisina kwakarerekera chikakanganisa zvakanyanya boka rechitendero riripo. Semuenzaniso: mutemo wekambani unorambidza zvipfeko zvinofukidza kumeso panguva yekubata mutengi. Pamusoro pepamusoro hazvina kwakarerekera, asi mukuita izvi zvinonyanya kukanganisa vakadzi vechiMuslim vanopfeka niqab.

Kusarurana kusina kunanga kunogona kururamiswa kana zvinhu zvitatu zvinodiwa zvikazadzikiswa:

• Pane chinangwa chepamutemo (chakadai sekuchengetedzeka, tsika dzebhizinesi kana zvinodiwa nevatengi);
• Danho iri rakakodzera kuti chinangwa ichocho chibudirire;
• Chiyero ichi chinodiwa uye chakaenzana — hapana dzimwe nzira dzinorambidza zvishoma.

Zvese zvinodiwa zvitatu zvinofanirwa kuzadzikiswa panguva imwe chete. Kana chimwe chikashaikwa, kusarura hakubvumidzwe.

4. Kunyengetera kubasa: kodzero nemiganhu

Kune vatendi vazhinji, munamato ibasa rechitendero. VaMuslim vanosungirwa kunamata kashanu pazuva, kaviri kana katatu kacho kachiitwa panguva dzebasa. Vashandi vezvimwe zvitendero vane mabasa akafanana.

Mushandi ane kodzero yekuzorora nemunamato here?

Hapana mutemo unomanikidza vashandirwi kuti vabvumire vanhu kuzorora vachinyengetera. Zvisinei, chokwadi chepamutemo chakajeka. Kana mushandi akakumbira kuzorora vachinyengetera, mushandirwi anofanirwa kufunga nezvechikumbiro chacho zvakadzama uye kuchienzanisa nezvinodiwa nebhizinesi. Kuramba nenzira yakarongwa pasina chikonzero chinomanikidza uye chine musoro kune njodzi huru yepamutemo.

Mutemo wenyaya dzichangoburwa (ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2025:11085) wakaratidza kuti kudzingwa kwemushandi aida kunamata panguva yekushanda kwaive kusarura, nekuti mushandirwi aisagona kuratidza kufarira kwebhizinesi uye haana kufunga nezvedzimwe nzira. Dare rakati chikumbiro chacho chaive nemusoro uye kuti kuzorora kwenguva pfupi kwemunamato - kunotora maminetsi mashoma chete - hakuna kukonzera mutoro mukuru pakushanda kwebhizinesi.

Imba yekunamatira: chisungo kana kuti nyasha?

Vashandirwi havamanikidzwi pamutemo kugadzira imba yekunamatira yakatsaurirwa. Zvisinei, nheyo imwe chete inoshanda: kana mushandi akaita chikumbiro uye pasina zvirambidzo zvinoshanda, kuramba kunogona kureva rusarura runorambidzwa. Matare anogara achida kuenzana kwezvinhu zvinodiwa: mushandirwi akafunga nezvezvimwe zvinhu here? Imba yekusangana isina munhu iripo here? Kazhinji, mhinduro inoshanda inogoneka.

Mazano anoshanda kune vashandirwi: nyora pasi mutemo wako, sarudza nzvimbo iripo, uye iva nechokwadi chekuti mutemo wacho unoshandiswa nguva dzose uye pasina rusarura.

5. Kutsanya kubasa: Ramadan nekodzero dzevashandi

Ramadhani ndiyo nguva inozivikanwa zvikuru yekutsanya kwechitendero, asi maKristu, maJuda nevateveri vezvimwe zvitendero vanotevedzerawo tsika dzekutsanya. Kutsanya kunogona kukanganisa mamiriro emuviri wemushandi uye kuisa pfungwa dzake pachinhu chimwe chete, uye kunogona kukonzera zvikumbiro zvekugadzirisa maawa ekushanda.

Kugadzirisa maawa ekushanda panguva yeRamadan

Pasi peChikamu chechipiri cheMutemo weKushanda Une Mwero, mushandi anogona kunyorera chikumbiro chakanyorwa kuti achinje maawa ake ekushanda. Mushandirwi anofanirwa kubvuma chikumbiro ichi kunze kwekunge paine zvikonzero zvebhizinesi kana zvebasa zvinopikisa. Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira matambudziko makuru ehurongwa, zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza, kana kukuvadza mashandiro ebhizinesi.

Mutemo wenyaya (ECLI:NL:RBMNE:2025:6132) unojekesa kuti mushandirwi haagoni kungoramba chikumbiro chakadaro. Mushandirwi anofanira kutsvaga dzimwe nzira dzechokwadi - dzakadai sekutanga nguva yekutanga uye yekupedzisira - uye anofanira kupa tsananguro ine musoro yekuramba chero kupi zvako. Mhinduro yakajairika haina kukwana.

Kubudirira uye kuchengetedzeka panguva yekutsanya

Dzimwe nguva vashandirwi vanobvunza kana vangatora matanho kana mushandi wekutsanya achiita seasina basa rakawanda kana kuti aine njodzi dzekuchengetedza. Mhinduro yacho yakajeka: vashandirwi vane basa rekutarisira mamiriro ekushanda akachengeteka, asi izvi hazvireve rusarura. Mushandi anogona kusakanganiswa nekuda kwekunge ari kutsanya. Zvisinei, mushure mekuongorora kwakanyatsoitwa, mushandirwi anogona kupa mabasa patsva kwenguva pfupi kana paine nyaya dzekuchengetedza dzakanyorwa zvakanaka.

6. Mazororo echitendero: kukumbira uye kuramba zororo

Vashandi vezvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana vangada kutora nguva yekuzorora pazororo rechitendero risingabatanidzwi mukarenda yepamutemo yeDutch — senge Eid al-Fitr, Passover kana Diwali. Vane kodzero yepamutemo yekuita izvozvo here?

Hapana kodzero yepamutemo yekuenda kuzororo rechitendero kunze kwemazororo enyika anozivikanwa. Zvisinei, vashandi vanogona kuendesa chikumbiro chezororo pasi pemutemo wezororo wakajairwa. Mushandirwi anogona kuramba nekuda kwezvido zvebhizinesi zvinomanikidza, asi anofanira kupa chikonzero chakanaka. Kubatwa zvisina kufanira kana kusawirirana - kupa zvikumbiro zvezororo zvakafanana kubva kune vamwe vashandi asi kwete kune vamwe pasina zvikonzero zvakajeka - kunogona kureva rusarura runorambidzwa.

Mutemo wenyaya dzezororo risina mvumo rerwendo rwechitendero (ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2025:6132) unoratidza kuti kodzero yerusununguko rwechitendero haina kutyorwa panguva iyoyo nekuti mushandirwi ainyatsofunga nezvezvido zvechitendero, asi zvido zvebhizinesi zvakavapfuura pane chokwadi. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti mhedzisiro inogara ichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu.

7. Mitemo yekupfeka uye chimiro chechitendero: jira remusoro, muchinjikwa, ngowani

Kupfeka zviratidzo zvechitendero kana mbatya — jira remusoro, chipaha, muchinjikwa, ngowani — zvinodzivirirwa zvakajeka sechiratidzo chekutenda. Kurambidza zvipfeko zvakadaro kunoreva rusarura rwakananga kana kuti rusina kunanga nekuda kwechitendero.

Kunyange zvakadaro, mushandirwi anogona kuisa mimwe mitemo, chero bedzi:

• Mutemo uyu wakabatana, wakarongeka uye unoshandiswa nguva dzose (kwete kunanga zvimwe zvitendero);
• Pane chinangwa chepamutemo (semuenzaniso: chitarisiko chakafanana chekambani, kuchengetedzeka pakushandisa michina);
• Muganho uyu unodiwa uye wakaenzana.

Munyaya yeECLI:NL:RBDHA:2025:19487, dare rakati kudzingwa kwemushandi akaramba nekuda kwechitendero chake kubatana maoko nemumwe mukadzi waaishanda naye kwakanga kusina kukodzera: mushandirwi aisagona kuratidza kuti kubatana maoko kwaidiwa pabasa iri (basa reIT service desk, kunyanya kumba) uye hapana imwe nzira yakambofungwa nezvayo. Kudzingwa basa kwacho kwakabviswa uye muripo wakakodzera wakapihwa.

Enzanisa izvi neECLI:NL:CRVB:2009:BI2440, uko mutemo wekukwazisana wakafanana (kubatana maoko) waitsigirwa: mumamiriro ezvinhu iwayo chaiwo, kukurudzira kubatanidzwa uye kudzivirira kupatsanurana kwaionekwa sechido chakakura zvakakwana. Mamiriro ezvinhu anosarudza mhedzisiro.

8. Mutoro weumboo: ndiani anofanira kuratidza chii?

Chinhu chakakosha chemutemo wekubata vanhu zvakaenzana ndechekupa humbowo hwekuti munhu awane humbowo hwakakwana. Sisitimu iyi inoshanda seinotevera:

• Danho 1 — Mushandi: anotaura chokwadi nemamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera fungidziro yekusarura kunorambidzwa. Humbowo hwakazara hahudiwi.
• Danho rechipiri — Kuchinja: kana dare raona kuti fungidziro yacho yasimbiswa zvakakwana, mutoro wekupa humbowo unochinja.
• Danho rechitatu — Mushandirwi: anofanira kuratidza nenzira chaiyo uye ine humbowo hwekuti hapana rusarura runorambidzwa, kana kuti chiyero ichi chakarurama.

Kukwezva vanhu vakawanda kune tsika dzebhizinesi kana zvinodiwa nevatengi hazvina kukwana. Mutemo uyu unofanirwa kunge wakabatana, wakarongeka uye uchishandiswa nguva dzose, uye kukosha kwawo kunofanira kuratidzwa kuburikidza nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo. Vashandirwi vanovimba nemagwaro akagadzirwa mukati mekambani akagadzirwa mushure mechiitiko ichi vari panjodzi yekuti matare haazogamuchire izvi sehumbowo hunogutsa.

Cherechedza: data rehuwandu rinogona kushandiswawo nemushandi kuratidza rusarura rwusina kunanga. Kana boka rechitendero rikaratidzwa kuti rinobatwa zvakasiyana nevamwe vashandi, izvi zvinogona kuratidza fungidziro yekusarura kwakarambidzwa.

9. Migumisiro yepamutemo yekutyora mutemo: ndedzipi njodzi dziripo kune vashandirwi?

Kana mushandirwi akatyora rusununguko rwechitendero rwemushandi — uye asingakwanise kuramba zvaakawana — mhedzisiro yepamutemo inokosha:

• Kubviswa kwebasa: kudzingwa basa kwadzoserwa shure uye mushandi ane kodzero yekudzoserwa pabasa.
• Muripo wakarurama (billijke vergoeding): kana paine mhosva yakakura, dare rinogona kupa muripo wakakura pamusoro pemuripo wekuchinjana wepamutemo.
• Muripo wekuchinja (transitievergoeding): muripo wepamutemo wekudzikisirwa kwevashandi pasi peChinyorwa 7:673 BW.
• Kukuvadzwa kusiri kwezvinhu: uko kukuvara kwepfungwa kunokonzerwa nekusarurwa (Chinyorwa 6:106 BW).
• Mari dzemumatare: murairo wekubhadhara mari dzemushandi dzemumatare.
• Mutongo weKoreji yeKodzero dzeVanhu: kuwanikwa kweruzhinji kwerusarura rwakarambidzwa — zvinokanganisa mukurumbira.

Matare anoona kuramba mhemberero dzemunamato, kurambidzwa kupfeka zvipfeko zvechitendero pasina chikonzero, uye kuramba chitendero nekuda kwekutaura chitendero semhosva huru. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha pakuona mwero wemuripo wakakodzera.

10. Matanho ekushanda kwevashandi: chii chaungaita?

Kana iwe semushandi uchifungidzira kuti rusununguko rwako rwechitendero rwuri kutyorwa kubasa, aya ndiwo matanho epamutemo aunogona kutora:

• Chichemo chemukati: tumira chichemo kune mushandirwi wako kana kukomiti yezvekunyunyuta mukati. Izvi zvinogadzira gwaro rekunyora uye zvinopa mushandirwi mukana wekugadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
• Koreji yeKodzero Dzevanhu (College voor de Rechten van de Mens): tumira chikumbiro chekuferefetwa kwerusarura rwakarambidzwa. Koreji inogona kupa mutongo (usina kusungirwa pamutemo, asi une simba).
• Mutongo wenguva pfupi (kort geding): kana paine chikonzero chekukurumidzira, unogona kukumbira rubatsiro rwechinguvana kubva kumutongi werubatsiro rwekutanga pasi peChinyorwa 254 Rv, semuenzaniso wekudzoserwa pabasa.
• Nyaya huru pamberi pedare redunhu (kantonrechter): chikumbiro chekubviswa kwemhosva yekudzingwa basa uye/kana muripo wakakodzera mukati memwedzi miviri yekudzingwa basa (Chinyorwa 7:681 BW).
• Kodzero yekuongorora: kana uchida kuongorora magwaro emukati ayo mushandirwi anoda kushandisa sehumbowo, unogona kusimbisa kodzero iyi pasi peChikamu 194 Rv. Dare rinogona kupa gwaro rekuongorora richitsigirwa nemari yechirango.

11. Mazano anoshanda kune vashandirwi

Mutemo unoshanda uye wakanyorwa zvakanaka unodzivirira kusawirirana uye njodzi dzemutemo. Tinopa mazano kune vashandirwi seizvi:

• Gadzirai mutemo wakanyorwa wekusiyana-siyana uye kubatanidzwa kwevanhu unotarisawo kutaura kwechitendero.
• Ita ongororo dzemunhu oga, dzakanyorwa uye dzakarongwa maererano nezvinodiwa nechitendero chimwe nechimwe.
• Shandisa mutemo uyu nguva dzose mumapoka ese ezvitendero — kusawirirana chiratidzo chekusarurana kunorambidzwa.
• Gara uchiongorora dzimwe nzira usati waramba chikumbiro.
• Nyora zvese zvakasarudzwa nekukasika — magwaro akagadzirwa mushure mekunge chokwadi chapera arasikirwa neuchapupu hwawo mudare.
• Dzidzisai mamaneja nevatariri mukushandiswa kwemutemo wekubata vanhu zvakaenzana.

Inowanzobvunzwa Mibvunzo (FAQ)

Mushandirwi wangu anogona kundirambidza kunamata panguva yebasa here?

Kurambidzwa zvachose hakubvumirwi mumamiriro ezvinhu mazhinji. Mushandirwi anofanira kunyatsoongorora chikumbiro chako uye anogona kuramba chete kana paine zvido zvebhizinesi zvinomanikidza uye zvine musoro. Matare anogara achiti kuzorora kwemaminitsi mashoma nemunamato hakurevi mutoro wakawandisa. Kuramba pasina tsananguro chaiyo kune njodzi pamutemo.

Mushandirwi wangu anosungirwa kupa imba yekunamatira here?

Hapana chisungo chakakwana chemutemo. Zvisinei, kana pasina zvirambidzo zvinoshanda, kuramba kugamuchira chikumbiro chenzvimbo yekunamatira kunogona kureva rusarura runorambidzwa. Vashandirwi vanokurudzirwa kusarudza nzvimbo iripo, senge imba yekusangana yekuwedzera, yechinangwa ichi.

Ini semushandi ndinogona here kukumbira maawa ekushanda akasiyana panguva yeRamadan?

Unogona kutumira chikumbiro chakanyorwa pasi peMutemo weFlexible Working. Mushandirwi anofanirwa kubvumidza chikumbiro kunze kwekunge paine zvido zvebhizinesi zvinomanikidza zvinopesana nacho. Kuramba kupi zvako kunofanirwa kuve nechikonzero chaicho, uye kunofanirwa kuratidzwa kuti dzimwe nzira hadzigoneke.

Mushandirwi wangu anogona kundirambidza kupfeka jira remusoro here?

Kana kurambidzwa uku kuri chikamu chemutemo wekusava nedivi rakabatana, wakarongeka uye unoshandiswa nguva dzose, chero bedzi paine chinangwa chepamutemo uye kurambidzwa kwacho kuri madikanwa uye kwakaenzana. Kurambidzwa kunoshandiswa nenzira yakasarudzwa - kunanga zvitendero zvimwe chete - kunoreva rusarura rwakananga.

Kodzero dzangu ndedzipi kana ndikadzingwa basa nekuda kwechitendero changu?

Kudzingwa basa nekuda kwechitendero hakubvumidzwe mumamiriro ese ezvinhu. Unogona kuita kuti kudzingwa basa kubviswe, kukumbira muripo wakakodzera, uye kukumbira mutongo kubva kuCollege for Human Rights. Tsvaga mazano emutemo nekukurumidza sezvinobvira - nguva yemwedzi miviri inoshanda pakudzingwa basa.

Koreji yeKodzero Dzevanhu chii?

Koreji voor de Rechten van de Mens isangano renyika rakazvimirira rinoongorora kana rusarura rwakarambidzwa rwakaitika. Unogona kutumira chikumbiro mahara. Mutongo hausungi pamutemo, asi une simba guru uye unotariswa nematare.

Mushandirwi anogona kuramba zororo rechitendero here?

Hapana kodzero yepamutemo yekuenda kuzororo rechitendero risingazivikanwe. Zvisinei, mushandirwi anofanira kuongorora chikumbiro chezororo zvichibva pamabasa echitendero zvakakomba. Kubatwa zvisina tsarukano kana kusaenzana - kupa zvikumbiro zvakafanana kubva kune vamwe vashandi asi kwete kune vamwe pasina chikonzero chakajeka - kunogona kureva rusarura runorambidzwa.

Ko kana mushandirwi wangu aine mutemo wekambani unorambidza chitendero changu?

Mitemo yekambani inopesana neAWGB kana Bumbiro reMitemo haishande. Unogona kuvimba zvakananga nemitemo yepamusoro. Matare achabvisa mitemo inopikisa uye achadzivirira, kusanganisira kudzoserwa kwekodzero kuburikidza nekudzoka shure.

Ndingaratidza sei kuti ndasarurwa nekuda kwechitendero changu?

Hamufanirwe kupa humbowo hwakazara. Zvakakwana kutaura chokwadi nemamiriro ezvinhu anokonzera fungidziro yekusarura kunorambidzwa - sekusabatwa zvakanaka kana tichienzanisa nevamwe vamunoshanda navo, kushaya pfungwa kubva kumushandirwi, kana kushandiswa kwemutemo kusingaenderane. Mutoro wehumbowo unobva waenda kumushandirwi.

Ndinofanira kubvunza gweta rini?

Kana wangosangana negakava pamusoro perusununguko rwako rwekunamata kubasa — kunyanya kana kudzingwa basa, kumiswa basa kana kuramba zvinhu zvechitendero zvichibatanidzwa. Law & More, nyanzvi dzedu dzemutemo wezvemabasa dzakagadzirira kubatsira vashandirwi nevashandi.

Unoda mazano pamusoro perusununguko rwechitendero kubasa here?

Mutemo wenyaya dzerusununguko rwechitendero kubasa uchiri kuramba uchikura. Ungave uri mushandirwi ari kuda kuvaka mutemo wakanaka pamutemo, kana kuti uri mushandi ari kuda kuchengetedza kodzero dzako: Law & More ane hunyanzvi hwaunoda.

Tibate pa www.lawandmore.nl kana kufonera mahofisi edu ari mu Eindhoven or AmsterdamMabasa edu Magweta mazano muchiDutch, Chirungu nemimwe mitauro yakasiyana-siyana.