Kutengeserana muNetherlands kunotongwa neWet franchise, iyo Dutch Franchise Act, iyo yave iri chikamu cheCivil Code kubvira 1 Ndira 2021 seChinyorwa 16 cheBhuku 7 (art. 7:911 kusvika 7:922 BW). Inoisa basa rekuzivisa pachena pamberi pechibvumirano, nguva yekumira kwemavhiki mana isati yasainwa, kodzero yekubvumidza kune vane franchise kana fomura ikachinja, uye mitemo inosungirwa pazvibvumirano zverudo uye zvisungo zvepasi penguva. Izvi zviri mumutemo unosungirwa: hazvigone kupihwa chibvumirano zvichikuvadza ane franchise akagadzwa muNetherlands, chero mutemo waanosarudza chibvumirano (art. 7:922 BW).
Pfungwa yekupedzisira iyoyo ndiyo inoita kuti hurumende yeDutch ive isina kujairika muEurope. Munhu wekuAmerica kana wekuGermany anosaina chibvumirano chemutemo weNew York nemunhu ane franchise anoshanda nebazi muRotterdam achiri kusungwa neFranchise Act yehukama ihwohwo. Kusiyana neizvi, munhu ane franchise akagadzwa muNetherlands anoita zvibvumirano nemunhu ane franchise anoshanda kunze kwenyika anogona kusiyana neMutemo, kunyangwe pasi pemutemo weDutch. Saka zvese zviri pasi zvinotangira pamubvunzo mumwe chete: munhu ane franchise anoshanda kupi chaizvo.
Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura zvinodiwa neMutemo mukushanda: chii chinofanira kuziviswa uye riini, chii chinofanira kunge chiri muchibvumirano chacho, kuti mubhadharisi anogona kuchinja fomura kusvika papi, mutemo wemakwikwi unobvumidza, uye kuti hukama hwacho hunogona kupedzwa sei. Chakanyorwa kune vanobhadharisa vanopinda mumusika weDutch uye kune vane franchise vanoongorora chipo. Kuti uwane ruzivo rwakakura rwezvekutengeserana, ona gwara redu remutemo webhizinesi reDutch uye ongororo yedu yemhando dzezvibvumirano zvekutengeserana pasi pemutemo weDutch.
Chii chinoonekwa sechibvumirano chefranchise pasi pemutemo weDutch
Art. 7:911 BW inotsanangura chibvumirano chefranchise sechibvumirano icho muparidzi wefranchise anopa muridzi wefranchise, asingabhadhare, kodzero uye chisungo chekushandisa fomura yefranchise nenzira yakatarwa nemuparidzi wefranchise, yekugadzira kana kutengesa zvinhu kana kupa masevhisi. Fomura yefranchise pachayo inotsanangurwa sepfungwa yekushanda kwekugadzira kana kutengesa zvinhu kana masevhisi zvakafanana, izvo zvinosanganisira chiratidzo chekutengeserana, modhi kana zita rekutengeserana, uye ruzivo rwakakosha pakushanda kwefomura.
Zvinhu zvitatu zvinotevera kubva patsanangudzo iyoyo uye zvinosarudza kana Mutemo uchishanda zvachose. Munhu ane franchise anozvishandira ega uye semuzvinabhizinesi akazvimiririra , kwete semushandi kana mumiririri. Pane fomura yakafanana, inoiswa nemuridzi wefranchise, iyo munhu ane franchise anosungirwa kutevedzera. Uye munhu ane franchise anobhadhara kodzero yekuishandisa, ingave semari yekupinda, mari yemubhadharo, mupiro wekushambadzira kana mari yekuwedzera pazvinhu zvaanofanira kutenga.
Chiratidzo chinoshandiswa nemapoka hachina simba guru. Chibvumirano chinonzi rezinesi, chibvumirano chemubatsiri kana chibvumirano chekugovera chicharamba chiri chibvumirano chefranchise kana chine zvinhu izvi, uye mitemo inosungirwa ichashanda kwachiri. Musiyano iwoyo unokosha nekuti marudzi ezvibvumirano zviri pedyo anotongwa nemitemo yakasiyana zvikuru: chibvumirano chesangano rezvekutengeserana chine dziviriro dzacho dzepamutemo, kusanganisira muripo wemutengi pakugumisa chibvumirano, uye chibvumirano chekugovera chinonyanya kutongwa nemutemo wechibvumirano. Chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pekuti kubatana kwakazara chii chinotsanangura imwe chimiro chinoshandiswa nedzimwe nguva nevaridzi vefranchise pakati pavo.
Chinzvimbo, mhedzisiro inosungirwa uye nguva yekuchinja
Mutemo uyu unodzivirira vane kodzero dzekutengeserana dzakatangwa muNetherlands. Mitemo yawo haigone kubviswa zvichikanganisa, uye kusarudza mutemo wekunze kana weforamu yekune dzimwe nyika hakubvisi nzvimbo; dare reDutch kana mutongi achazvishandisa kubazi reDutch zvisinei. Kana munhu ane kodzero dzekutengeserana ari kunze kweNetherlands, mapato anogona kutsauka, kunyangwe vakasarudza mutemo weDutch kutonga chibvumirano.
Zvibvumirano zvaivepo musi wa1 Ndira 2021 zvakapihwa makore maviri kuti zvienderane nemitemo ye "goodniown", zvirevo zve "non-compete clauses" mushure menguva uye kodzero yemvumo ye "franchisee". Nguva iyoyo yekuchinja yakapera musi wa1 Ndira 2023. Saka chibvumirano chega chega che "franchise" chiri kushanda muNetherlands chave pasi peMutemo, uye chikamu chakanyorwa pamberi pa2021 uye chisina kuzombodzokororwa chingangove chisingashande muchikamu. Kuongorora zvibvumirano zvekare hakusi kwesarudzo yekuchengetedza imba.
Hakuna mutongi wefranchise muNetherlands uye hapana gwaro rezvibvumirano zvefranchise. Kutevedzera mitemo kunosimbiswa nemapato pachawo kuburikidza nematare edzimhosva, zvinoreva kuti Mutemo unoshanda kuburikidza nechibvumirano uye kuburikidza nemutemo wechibvumirano pane kutungamirirwa. Kodhi yeNederlandse Franchise Vereniging inozvitonga yega uye inosunga nhengo dzayo chete; haisi sosi yechisungo chepamutemo.
Usati wasaina: kuburitswa pachena uye kumira kwemavhiki mana
Zvisungo zvinorema zviri muMutemo zvinowira munguva isati yasainwa chibvumirano. Pasi pechikamu 7:913 BW, mubhadhari wefranchise anofanira kupa munhu anoda kupihwa franchise, panguva yakakodzera, ruzivo rwaanoda kuti asarudze kana achifanira kupinda muhukama. Chisungo ichi chinoratidza zvinofanirwa kupihwa, uye mukuita izvi zvakabatanidzwa mugwaro reruzivo rwechibvumirano, rinozivikanwa zvakanyanya sePID.
Gwaro iri rinofanira kunge riine:
- chibvumirano chefranchise, kusanganisira zvese zvakabatanidzwa uye bhuku rekushanda kusvika padanho razvinoumba chikamu chechibvumirano;
- ruzivo nezvemari yekubhadhara, mari yekuwedzera (mark-ups) nezvimwe zvipo zvemari zvichabhadharwa nemuridzi wefranchise, uye nezvenzira yazvinofanira kurongwa nayo;
- ruzivo rwekuti uye kangani uye kangani murongi wefranchisor nevane franchise vanotaurirana, uye pamusoro penzvimbo yekutaurirana mukati mesangano refranchisor;
- kuti mubhadharisi anogona kukwikwidzana sei nemuridzi wefranchise, zvakananga kana kuburikidza nefomura yekubvisa mari;
- ruzivo nezvemamiriro emari emutengesi wefranchise, kana zvichikosha kune ane franchisee;
- chero mari inozotarisirwa kuitwa nemuridzi wefranchise.
Kana ruzivo irworwo rwapihwa, chikamu 7:914 BW chinomisa mavhiki mana chibvumirano chisati chapedzwa. Mumavhiki iwayo mana, mubhadharisi haafanire kuchinja gwaro rechikwereti zvichikanganisa mubhadharisi, haafanire kukumbira muripo kana mari yekudyara achitarisira kusaina, uye haafanire kumanikidza mubhadharisi kuti azvipe. Chinangwa ndechekupa mubhadharisi nguva isina kukanganiswa kuti aongorore nhamba dzacho, atore mazano uye ataurirane. Mubhadharisi anopfupisa nguva yacho, kana kuti anogadzirisa gwaro racho chinyararire, anofumura chibvumirano chakabuda kuti chirwiswe.
Munhu ane kodzero yekushanda nechikwata anewo basa rechikoro
Kuzivisa pachena hakuchinji njodzi yese kune mupi wemari. Mutemo unoda kuti munhu anoda kutenga franchise azvizivisewo: kuti adzidze zvaanogamuchira, kuti zviongororwe neakaunti yake, uye kuti aburitse pachena mamiriro ake emari pazvinenge zvakakodzera. Inofanirawo kuchengetedza ruzivo rwaanogamuchira rwakavanzika. Munhu ane franchise anosaina asina kuverenga bhuku remazano uye gare gare onyunyuta kuti fomura yacho yaive yakatemwa kupfuura zvaitarisirwa haazonzwirwi tsitsi.
Uye Mutemo hauvimbisi kururama kwezvakafanotaurwa. Mutemo weDutch panyaya yemhosva isati yatanga mukutengeserana, wakagadzirwa kare gore ra2021 risati rasvika, unopa mubhadhari wechikwereti mhosva kana uchipa fungidziro yaaiziva kana yaifanira kunge yaiziva kuti haina kunaka, kana kuti paakaita chikanganiso mufungidziro yaakazvigadzirira. Mutemo unosimbisa izvozvo nekuita kuti data riri pasi rigovaniswe. Kana fungidziro yekuchinjana kwemari yakapihwa, inofanira kuteverwa kune fungidziro chaiyo uye kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakafanana, uye muridzi wefranchise ane kodzero yekukumbira zvinhu izvozvo zviri pasi. Kunyora nokungwarira zviri uye zvisina kuvimbiswa ndekwechibvumirano pachacho; ona chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pekunyora zvibvumirano zveDutch.
Zvinofanira kunge zviri muchibvumirano chefranchise pachacho
Mutemo weDutch unosiya mitemo yekutengeserana yechibvumirano chefranchise kune mapato akawanda. Hapana nguva yakatarwa yepamutemo kana kuti yepamusoro, hapana hurongwa hwemari yakatarwa uye hapana kodzero yekuvandudza. Zvisinei, nyaya mbiri dzinofanira kutaurwa nezvadzo muchibvumirano pachacho, uye chibvumirano chefranchise chisina kutaurwa nezvacho hachisviki padanho repamutemo.
chido
Art. 7:920 BW inoda kuti chibvumirano chitaure kana rombo rakanaka riripo mubhizinesi remutengesi wefranchise, kuti rakakura sei, uye kuti rinobva kumutengesi wefranchise kusvika papi. Inofanirawo kuratidza kuti rombo rakanaka rakavakwa nemutengesi wefranchise rinofanira kubhadharwa sei kana mutengesi akatora bhizinesi pakupera kwehukama kuitira kuti rirambe riripo kana kuburikidza nemumwe mutengesi wefranchise. Mapato acho akasununguka kubvumirana nenzira yekuverenga, asi haana rusununguko rwekuregeredza nyaya yacho.
Musiyano uripo pakati pefomura yakanaka nepfungwa dzakanaka dzemunharaunda ndiwo unotungamira mhedzisiro. Mufomura inodzorwa zvakasimba, apo franchisor anosarudza mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu, hurongwa hwemitengo, marongerwo uye kushambadza, mutengi akavimbika kuchiratidzo pane kumushandisi, uye mupiro we franchisee kupfungwa dzakanaka uchava wakaderera. Mufomura isina kusimba, apo franchisee anovaka vatengi vake uye mukurumbira wemunharaunda, zvakapesana ndezvechokwadi. Chisungo chinotaura zvakajeka kuti hapana muripo wepfungwa dzakanaka uchambobhadharwa une njodzi: chinofanira kunge chakafungidzirwa, uye chinogona kuyedzwa zvichienderana netsika dzakanaka dze franchisor.
Zvikamu zvisingakwikwidzani
Munguva yechibvumirano, chisungo chekusakwikwidzana chinobvumidzwa, chero bedzi chabvumiranwa nekunyora. Mushure mekunge chibvumirano chapera, chikamu 7:920 BW chinoita kuti muganho wepashure penguva ushande chete kana zvikumbiro zvina zvazadzikiswa pamwe chete:
- yakanyorwa pasi;
- zvine chekuita nezvinhu kana masevhisi anokwikwidzana neaya akafukidzwa nechibvumirano chefranchise;
- zvakakosha kuchengetedza ruzivo rwunotumirwa nemuridzi wefranchise kune ane franchise;
- Hazvigari kwenguva yakareba kupfuura gore rimwe mushure mekupera kwechibvumirano uye zvinongogumira kunzvimbo iyo muridzi wefranchise aishanda pasi pechibvumirano.
Muganho wemakore maviri, kana mumwe chete unofukidza Netherlands yese apo muridzi wefranchise aishanda nechitoro chimwe chete muUtrecht, saka unokundikana. Zvikamu zvefranchise zvisina kukwikwidzana hazvifanirwe kuvhiringidzwa nemitemo yevashandi, inotevera mutemo wakasiyana uye bvunzo yavo yekunzwisisika; ona chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pezvikamu zvisina kukwikwidzana pasi pemutemo webasa weDutch.
Zvikamu zvisina kutongwa asi zvinosarudza gakava
Kupfuura nyaya mbiri idzodzo, mazwi anokonzera nyaya dzematare ndeaya ekutengeserana akajairika: nguva uye chero nzira yekuvandudza, chimiro chemari uye kuti chingagadziriswa sei, zvisungo zvekutenga nevatengesi vanobvumirwa, zvinangwa zvishoma zvekuita, nzvimbo, mamiriro ekuchinjisa bhizinesi kumutengi, uye mhedzisiro yekusaita basa. Zvikamu zvekuvandudza otomatiki zvinonyanya kuda nguva yekuzivisa zvakajeka, nekuti chikamu chisina kujeka chinowanzo tsanangurwa pamusoro pebato rakarinyora. Kana muridzi wefranchise asina simba rekutaurirana, zvikamu zvechirango uye kusabatanidzwa kwemhosva yakawanda zvinogona kudzorwa nedare, uye chikonzero chinogadzirwa mukudzivirira vatengi mumakondirakiti dzimwe nguva chinoshandiswa nekuenzanisa kune vane franchise vadiki. Hutsanana hwechibvumirano chebhizinesi hunoshanda nesimba rakazara pano.
Kuchinja fomura: kodzero dzekubvumirana nebasa rekubvunzana
Kodzero yekubvumidza yeArt. 7:921 BW ndiyo gadziriro iyo franchiseers vanowanzo kanganwa, uye ndiyo ine meno akapinza. Franchisor inoda mvumo yekutanga yefranchiseers yayo isati yachinja fomura yefranchise, kana isati yashandisa fomura inotorwa kubva kune imwe, apo kuita izvi kwaizoda kuti franchiseer iite mari, zvaizowedzera mari, kana kuderedza mari yayo inoshandiswa.
Kubvumirana kwaani kunoenderana nekuti chibvumirano chinonyorwa sei. Mapato anogona kubvumirana pamusoro pemuganho wemari usingadiwi mvumo. Pamusoro pawo, kana kuti pasina muganho wakabvumiranwa zvachose, mubhadhari wechikwereti anoda mvumo yeruzhinji rwevabhadhari vechikwereti vakamiswa muNetherlands, kana yemumwe nemumwe ane franchise akanganiswa nekuchinja uku. Kugadziriswa kwemukati mechitoro, sisitimu itsva yekutengesa iyo mubhadhari wechikwereti anofanira kutenga, shanduko muhuwandu hwezvinhu zvinoda michina mitsva, kana kutangwa kwefomura yakafanana inokwikwidzana nefranchisee munzvimbo yayo zvese zvinowira pasi pemutemo uyu.
Fomura yekubvisa zvinhu inofanira kutariswa zvakasiyana nekuti ndipo panobatwa vanobvisa zvinhu. Kana munhu anobvisa zvinhu akawana kana kutanga pfungwa yechipiri iyo vatengi vanoona seyakafanana zvikuru neyaivepo, nekuti inoshandisa branding yakafanana, presentation kana mhando yezvigadzirwa, inobatwa sefomura yekubvisa zvinhu. Kuiisa munzvimbo iyo muridzi wefranchise aripo anoshanda, kana kushandura kutengesa kwairi, zvinoda mvumo pane kungoziviswa chete.
Franchisor akanaka, franchisee akanaka
Art. 7:912 BW inomanikidza mapato ese ari maviri kuti azvibate semutengesi wemari akanaka uye semutengesi wemari akanaka. Izvi zvinopfuura sumo yekushongedza. Ndiyo mwero iyo dare rinoyera nayo kushandiswa kwemasimba echibvumirano: chikamu chekugadzirisa chimwe chinhu, chisarudzo chekusavandudza, kuiswa kwemutengesi mutsva, kuiswa kwezvinangwa. Pamwe chete nebasa rekunzwisisa uye kururamisira, zvinobvumira dare kubvisa kana kudzora izwi riri kushandiswa zvinodzvinyirira, kunyangwe kana mashoko echibvumirano achibvumira.
Mabasa maviri chaiwo anoitwa pamwe chete nayo muhukama hwese. Mutengesi wemari anofanira kuzivisa vane franchise munguva yakakodzera nezvezvinhu zvinovabata, kusanganisira shanduko dzinotarisirwa kufomura, mari yaanotarisira kuti vaite, uye zvirongwa zvake zvekukwikwidza munharaunda yavo; painobhadharisa kuburikidza nemari, inofanira kukwanisa kuratidza nekusimbisa kuti mari idzodzo dzakashandiswa zvechokwadi. Uye mutengesi wemari anofanira kubvunza vane franchise yake kanenge kamwe chete pagore, nenzira yakatarwa muchibvumirano. Vatengesi vemari vanokumbirwa kubvumidza shanduko vanofanira kuona kuti kubvunzana kwakanyorwa, nekuti rekodhi yezvakakurukurwa kazhinji ndiyo humbowo hunosimbisa kana shanduko yacho ikazokakavadzana gare gare.
Mutemo wemakwikwi unorambidza network yefranchise
Chibvumirano chefranchise chibvumirano chakamira pakati pemakambani ari pamatanho akasiyana ekutengesa, uye nekudaro chinobatwa nechikamu 101 cheChibvumirano cheKushanda kweEuropean Union uye nechikamu 6 cheMededingingswet, Mutemo weMakwikwi eDutch. Mukuita, chinopukunyuka kurambidzwa kuburikidza nekusabvumidzwa kwezvibvumirano zvakamira, Regulation (EU) 2022/720, iyo yave ichishanda kubvira 1 Chikumi 2022. Kusabvumirwa kunowanikwa kana mutengesi kana mutengi asina chikamu chinopfuura makumi matatu muzana chemusika wakakodzera, uye apo chibvumirano chisina muganho wakaoma.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha mukutengeserana nefranchise ndechekugadzirisa mutengo wekutengesa zvakare. Mutengesi wefranchise haagone kugadzirisa mutengo unotengeswa nevaridzi vefranchise, kana kuisa mutengo wakaderera, uye kumanikidzwa kana zvinokurudzira zvinowana mhedzisiro yakafanana hazvibatanidzwi zvakasiyana. Mitengo yepamusoro nemitengo inokurudzirwa zvinobvumidzwa, chero bedzi muridzi wefranchise achiramba akasununguka kubhadharisa mari shoma. Apa ndipo panowanzo sangana nematambudziko ekushambadzira kwenyika, uye zvinofanirwa kurongwa kuitira kuti kutora chikamu nemitengo zvirambe zviri sarudzo yemuridzi wefranchise.
Zvirambidzo zvenzvimbo nevatengi zvinotenderwa mukati memiganhu. Mutengesi wefranchise anogona kugovera nzvimbo yakasarudzika uye kurambidza kutengesa munzvimbo yakachengeterwa mumwe munhu ane franchise, asi kurambidzwa kwekutengesa kusingashande, kana munhu achipindura maodha asina kukumbirwa kusanganisira ayo anosvika kuburikidza newebhusaiti, muganho wakaoma. Zvisungo zvisingakwikwidzane mukati menguva yacho zvinoregererwa kwemakore mashanu, zvichienderana nekusarudzika kwakatarwa apo muridzi wefranchise achishanda kubva panzvimbo ine muridzi kana yakarendwa nemutengesi wefranchise. Mushure mekunge chibvumirano chapera, muganho usingakwikwidzane unoregererwa chete kana wakaganhurirwa kune gore rimwe, kunzvimbo yaishanda muridzi wefranchise uye kune zvinhu kana masevhisi anokwikwidzana, uye zvakakosha kuchengetedza ruzivo, izvo zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi. 7:920 BW.
Kusimbiswa kwemutemo kuri muAutoriteit Consument en Markt uye, kune zvibvumirano zvinokanganisa kutengeserana pakati penyika dziri nhengo, neEuropean Commission. Chikamu chinotyora mutemo uyu hachina basa, uye chikamu chisina basa chinogona kutora zvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita nawo. Njodzi iyoyo haisi yekufungidzira kune franchisor anoshandisa network hombe, uye kutevedzera makwikwi kunofanira kuitwa muongororo imwecheteyo neFranchise Act check.
Zviratidzo zvekutengeserana, ruzivo uye zvakavanzika
Fomura iyi ndiyo pfuma, uye inodzivirirwa nekubatanidzwa kwekodzero dzakanyoreswa uye zvakavanzika kwete nechibvumirano chefranchise chete. Munhu anopinda mumusika weDutch anofanira kunge aine chinzvimbo chake zvakanaka chibvumirano chekutanga chisati chasainwa, nekuti munhu ane franchise ane rezinesi rekodzero iyo franchisor asina ane chikumbiro chakananga.
Kodzero dzakanyoreswa
Zviratidzo zvekutengeserana hazvina kunyoreswa munyika yese muNetherlands. Dziviriro inoitwa kuburikidza nekunyoreswa kweBenelux kuBenelux Office for Intellectual Property muThe Hague, iyo inofukidza Belgium, Netherlands neLuxembourg pasi peBenelux Convention on Intellectual Property, kana kuburikidza nechiratidzo chekutengeserana cheEuropean Union kuEU Intellectual Property Office, iyo inofukidza nyika dzese dziri nhengo mukunyoreswa kumwe chete. Nzira yekutora chisarudzo chekutengeserana nezvenzvimbo uye mutengo kwete chepamutemo. Kutsvaga kwekubvisa magwaro usati waisa magwaro kwakakosha, nekuti kupikiswa kwakavakirwa pachiratidzo chekare kunodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura kutsvaga. Gwaro redu remutemo wepfuma yepfungwa muNetherlands rinotsanangura nzira dzekunyoresa zvakadzama, uye timu yedu yepfuma yepfungwa inobata magwaro nekupikisa.
Zita rekutengeserana ikodzero yakasiyana. Pasi peHandelsnaamwet, dziviriro inobva yoga kubva pakushandiswa chaiko kwezita iri mukutengeserana, pasina kunyoreswa, uye inogumira kunzvimbo nenzvimbo inoshandiswa zita racho. Kunyoreswa murejista yekutengeserana paChamber of Commerce humbowo hwekushandiswa, kwete kwakabva kodzero. Saka chibvumirano chefranchise chinofanira kutaura zvakananga kuti ndeapi masaini, mazita, mazita emadhomini uye magadzirirwo angashandiswa nefranchise, pamitemo ipi, uye kuti rezenisi rinopera nechibvumirano. Kodzero dzemuenzaniso dzinodzivirira chitarisiko chechitoro chakakwana kana kurongedza uye dzinogona kunyoreswa kuburikidza nemahofisi mamwe chete.
Zvakavanzika zveruzivo nekutengeserana
Ruzivo, bhuku rekushandisa, mazwi emutengesi, mabikirwo, zvinhu zvekudzidzisa uye ruzivo rwevatengi, hazvina kudzivirirwa nekodzero yakanyoreswa. Rinodzivirirwa sechakavanzika chekutengeserana pasi peWet bescherming bedrijfsgeheimen, iyo inoshandisa EU Trade Secrets Directive. Dziviriro inoenderana nezvinodiwa zvitatu: ruzivo rwakavanzika, rune kukosha kwekutengeserana nekuti rwakavanzika, uye muridzi wacho akatora matanho akakodzera ekuchengetedza chakavanzika. Chinodiwa chechitatu ichocho ndicho chinokundikana mukushanda. Bhuku rekushandisa rinotumirwa neemail sechisungo chisina kudzivirirwa kune wese anonyorera, pasina chekuita zvakavanzika, zvakaoma kudzivirira sechakavanzika chekutengeserana mushure mezvo.
Matanho anoshanda haana kunaka uye anoshanda: mabasa ekuchengetedza zvakavanzika akasainwa PID isati yaburitswa, mukana wekuwana zvakavanzika wakaganhurirwa kune avo vanouda, vashandi vemunhu ane franchise vakasungwa nezvikamu zvavo zvekuchengetedza zvakavanzika, masisitimu anodzivirirwa nemagwaro anobviswa kana hukama hwapera, uye chisungo chekudzoka kana kuparadza chibvumirano pakupera. Kana kutyorwa kwemutemo kwaitika, Mutemo unobvumira dare kuraira munhu anotyora mutemo kuti amire, kuendesa zvinhu zvinotyora mutemo uye kubhadhara muripo, uye rubatsiro rwechinguvana runowanikwa nekukurumidza. Ona zvinyorwa zvedu pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwezvakavanzika zvekutengeserana , pamusoro pekuchengetedza zvakavanzika zvekutengeserana mukuita uye pamusoro pechibvumirano chekusaburitsa pachena.
Maumbirwo emutemo, kunyoreswa uye divi remari
Hapana bato riri muchibvumirano chefranchise cheDutch rinosungirwa kutora fomu repamutemo, uye zvibvumirano zvefranchise hazvina kunyoreswa chero kupi. Chinodiwa kunyoresa bhizinesi pacharo murejista yekutengeserana inochengetwa naKamer van Koophandel.
Mazhinji emafranchise anoshanda kuburikidza ne besloten vennootschap, kambani yeDutch private limited, nekuti inoparadzanisa midziyo yefomula kubva kunjodzi yekushanda uye nekuti ndiyo chimiro chinocherechedzwa nemapoka epasi rose. Kubatanidzwa kunofamba kuburikidza ne notary yemutemo wehurumende uye kunotora mazuva mashoma; hapana mari shoma yezvinhu uye hapana chinodiwa cherudzi kana pekugara kune vane migove kana vatungamiriri. Chinyorwa chedu paBV , kambani yeDutch ine mutoro mudiki inotsanangura maitiro, uye gwara redu remutemo wemakambani kune vemabhizinesi rinofukidza kutonga.
Vatengesi vemafranchise vane sarudzo yakawanda. Eenmanszaak, iyo yega kambani, inokurumidza uye yakachipa asi inosiya midziyo yega yakavanzika ichiiswa pachena kune vanokweretesa mabhizinesi, izvo zvisina kukodzera kune franchise inoda mari yakawanda yekudyara. Vennootschap onder firma inobvumira vanhu vaviri kana kupfuura kuti vatungamire kambani pamwe chete, vaine mutoro wekubatana uye wakawanda kune vanobatana. BV inodzivirira midziyo yega uye ndiyo sarudzo yakajairika kana mari yekudyara kana muhoro wave mukuru, pamutengo wemaakaundi egore negore uye manejimendi akawanda. Chero fomu yakasarudzwa, kunyoresa murejista yebhizinesi reDutch kunosungirwa, uye ruzivo rwakanyorwa ipapo, kusanganisira kuti ndiani ane mvumo yekumiririra kambani, ndizvo zvinofanirwa kuvimbwa nazvo nemakambani. Vatengesi vemafranchise vanofanirwa kutarisa rejista vasati vasaina uye zvakare vasati vapa chero chiziviso; ona mapeji edu emutemo wekambani kuti uwane mufananidzo wakafara.
Mari dzekubhadhara, pachena uye mutero
Mutemo haugumiri mari dzefranchise kana kuti unotara kuti dzinoverengwa sei, asi unoda pachena. Maumbirwo emari uye nzira yazvingagadziriswa nayo zvinofanirwa kuziviswa usati wasaina, uye kana muridzi wefranchisor achibhadharisa mari kuburikidza nenetwork, semuenzaniso yekushambadzira kana IT, inofanira kukwanisa kuratidza kuti mari idzodzo dzakashandiswa zvechokwadi uye kuti dzakagoverwa sei. Mari yekushambadzira isingakwanise kuverengerwa inokonzera gakava, uye mhinduro ine musoro ishoko regore negore kune network.
Mari dzefranchise, mari yemutero, uye mipiro yekushambadzira zvinowanzo bhadhariswa VAT yeDutch, uye mari yemutero inoyambuka miganhu inomutsa mibvunzo yekubviswa kwemari, kusunungurwa kwechibvumirano uye mitengo yekuchinjisa zvinhu zvinoshandura mitengo nezviyero zvinochinja gore negore. Law and More haapi mazano pamusoro pekurongeka kwemitero; kuti basa iri nderemupi wezano wemitero wekuDutch, uye rinofanira kuitwa musati magadziriswa modhi yemitero pane kuti muite mushure mezvo. Chinogadziriswa chisungo chekutonga: zvinyorwa zvebhizinesi zvinofanirwa kuchengetwa kwemakore manomwe, uye data riri pasi pemari yefranchise inowira mukati memutoro iwoyo. Vatengesi vekunze vanofanirwawo kuverenga chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pe matambudziko epamutemo kumakambani ekunze ari kuita bhizinesi muNetherlands.
Kugumisa hukama
Kuti chibvumirano chefranchise chingagumiswa sei zvinotangira pakuti chinoshanda kwenguva yakatarwa here kana kuti kwenguva isingazivikanwi, uye musiyano wacho unowanzova mukuru.
Chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chinosvika pazuva racho rekupedzisira. Hapana bato rinogona kuchigumisa nekukurumidza kunze kwekunge chibvumirano chavapa kodzero iyoyo, uye bato rinobva kunze kweizvozvo rinenge ratyora chibvumirano uye rine mhosva yekukuvadzwa kwacho. Chine mapato ese ari maviri mushonga wekusaita basa: apo rimwe bato risingaite basa uye kukundikana kwacho kwakakomba zvakakwana, chibvumirano chinogona kubviswa pasi pechikamu 6:265 BW, kazhinji mushure mekuzivisa kwakanyorwa kuchipa nguva yakakodzera yekugadzirisa zvinhu. Chikanganiso chidiki kana chechinguva hachibvumiri kubviswa kwehukama hwakabatanidzwa nemuridzi wefranchise, uye dare rinoyera kukomba kwekutyorwa kwesungano iyi nemhedzisiro yekugumisa chibvumirano.
Chibvumirano chenguva isingazivikanwi chinogona kugumiswa kana chaziviswa. Mutemo weDutch unoona chibvumirano chefranchise sechibvumirano chehukama chenguva refu, uye mutemo wenyaya weHoge Raad unoda kuti bato rinogumisa chibvumirano richerechedze nguva yekuzivisa yakakodzera, dzimwe nguva ive nechikonzero chakakomba, uye mune dzimwe nguva kupa muripo, kunyangwe chibvumirano pachacho chichiisa nguva pfupi yekuzivisa. Chinonzwisisika chinoenderana nenguva yehukama, mari yakapihwa nemuridzi wefranchise uye kana akakwanisa kudzoserwa mari yacho, uye kuti zvinoenderana sei nefomula yemari yake. Chinyorwa chedu pamusoro penguva yekugumisa nenguva yekuzivisa chinoshanda kuburikidza nezvinhu izvi.
Chero nzira ipi zvayo, kuguma kwechibvumirano kunotanga chirongwa cherubatsiro rwechido. Kana mubhadharisi wechikwereti akatora basa rebhizinesi kuti arambe ari iye pachake kana kuburikidza nemutengi wefranchise anomutsiva, nzira yekubhadhara yakaiswa muchibvumirano pasi pechikamu 7:920 BW inoshanda, uye kusavapo kwenzira inoshanda pachayo kutyora Mutemo. Pamwe chete nazvo pane zvinosungirwa: rezenisi yekushandisa zviratidzo nemagumo emazita ekutengeserana, zviratidzo nemagwaro ekunyorera zvinofanira kubviswa, zvinhu zvakavanzika zvinofanira kudzoserwa kana kuparadzwa, uye muganho wekusakwikwidzana mushure menguva, kana uchishanda, unoshanda kwegore rimwe chete munzvimbo yaishanda mubhadharisi. Kana mubhadharisi achida kutengesa pane kubuda, mitemo yekuchinjisa muchibvumirano ndiyo inotonga, uye mamiriro emvumo yemubhadharisi ari maari anofanira kuongororwa kuti aonekwe kuti ane musoro here asati avimbwa nawo.
Kunobva kupi chaizvo kusawirirana kwefranchise
Mapatani mana ndiwo anokonzera mafaira mazhinji anosvika kwatiri. Chekutanga ifungidziro yekuchinja kwemari yaisamboitika panzvimbo yacho, ichiteverwa nemunhu ane franchise asingakwanise kubhadhara mari yacho. Chechipiri ishanduko yefomula yakaitwa pasina chibvumirano. 7:921 BW inoda, kazhinji kugadziriswa kwemutemo kana sisitimu itsva yeIT. Chechitatu chibvumirano chekare chisina kuzombogadziriswa mushure me1 Ndira 2023 uye chine chirevo chemakore maviri chenyika chisingakwikwidzane uye hapana gwara rezvakanaka. Chechina ikuguma kwemari kwakarurama pachibvumirano asi kune hutsinye mukutengeserana, uko nguva yekuzivisa isina hukama nekudyara mari kwaakakumbirwa kuita nefranchise.
Zvese zviri zvina zvakachipa kudzivirira pane kumhan'ara. Kune franchisor, zvinoreva PID yakakwana uye yakavimbika, chibvumirano chakaongororwa zvichienderana nezviri muchinyorwa. 7:911 kusvika 7:922 BW uye zvinopesana nekuregererwa kweblock, maitiro ekubvunzana akanyorwa, uye modhi yekubhadhara inogona kusimbiswa mutsetse nemutsetse. Kune anoda kuve nefranchise, zvinoreva kushandisa kumira kwemavhiki mana kuti chii chiripo: ita kuti fungidziro iongororwe neakaunti yako, bvunza fungidziro dziri shure kwayo, bvunza kuti mangani mabhizinesi akavhara mumakore matatu apfuura uye nei, verenga bhuku remazano sechikamu chechibvumirano, uye ita kuti zvibvumirano zvisingakwikwidzane, zvakanaka uye zvekugumisa zviongororwe usati wasaina pane kuti unoda kubva riini. Kana gakava rave kutotanga, timu yedu yekugadzirisa gakava rebhizinesi inogona kuongorora chinzvimbo, uye chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pezvikanganiso zvakajairika muzvibvumirano zvekutengeserana zvepasi rose chinofukidza angle yemuganhu.
Mibvunzo inowanzobvunzwa
Mutemo weDutch Franchise Act wave uchishanda kubva musi wa1 Ndira 2021 uye unotungamira kuburitswa pachena kwezvibvumirano, kodzero dzekubvumirana uye kuda kwese kwekushanda kwefranchise nebazi muNetherlands. Mibvunzo iri pazasi ndiyo inowanzo bvunzwa nevane franchise nevane franchise.
Ndeipi mitemo mikuru inodzora zvibvumirano zve franchise muNetherlands?
Mutemo weDutch Franchise ndiwo mutemo mukuru unodzora zvibvumirano zvefranchise muNetherlands. Mutemo uyu wakatanga kushanda musi wa1 Ndira 2021 uye une zvinhu zvinosungirwa zvisingadzivisike kuburikidza nemitemo yechibvumirano.
Mutemo uyu unoshanda pese panoshanda nzvimbo dzefranchise muNetherlands, kunyangwe chibvumirano chefranchise chichitongwa nemutemo wekunze. Kana matavi efranchise yako ari kunze kweNetherlands, Mutemo weFranchise haugone kushanda kunyangwe mutemo weDutch uchitonga chibvumirano.
Mutemo wemakwikwi kubva kuEuropean Union neNetherlands unotongawo hukama hwefranchise, kunyanya maererano nemiganhu yenyika nemitengo. Mutemo wechibvumirano cheDutch nemutemo wepfuma yepfungwa zvinokanganisawo mashandiro efranchise.
Mutemo webasa unogona kushanda kana mubhadhari wefranchise achitarisira zvakanyanya munhu ane franchise. Izvi zvinogona kugadzira hukama pakati pemushandirwi nemushandi pasi pemitemo yeDutch.
Ndedzipi nzira dzekuongorora dzinodiwa usati wapinda muchibvumirano chefranchise pasi pemutemo weDutch?
Unofanira kupa vanenge vachida kutenga franchise gwaro reruzivo rwekutanga, rinowanzonzi PID. Gwaro iri rinofanira kuendeswa usati wasaina chero chibvumirano chefranchise.
Mutemo unoda kuti pave nenguva yekumira kwemavhiki mana mushure mekupa PID. Munguva iyi, munhu anoda kuva nefranchise anogona kuongorora ruzivo rwacho pasina kumanikidzwa.
Haugone kukumbira vane franchise kuti vabhadhare kana kuisa mari mukati menguva iyi yemavhiki mana yekumira. Hazvizivikanwe kana mari diki senge ongororo dzenzvimbo dzekunze dzichibvumidzwa nguva yekumira isati yamira, sezvo Mutemo usingataure zvakajeka nezvemari yepamberi pePID.
Kune dzimwe nguva apo munhu ane franchise aripo anovhura dzimwe nzvimbo, nguva yekumira kwemavhiki mana haishande. Unofanira kuramba uchipa PID panzvimbo imwe neimwe itsva, kunyanya kana paine ruzivo rwakakosha nezvenzvimbo itsva.
Kodhi yeDutch franchiseing inotonga sei hukama huripo pakati pevane franchise nevane franchise?
Mutemo weFranchise unoda kuti uwane mvumo kune vane franchise pakusarudza zvimwe zvinhu zvikuru zvine chekuita nenetwork yefranchise. Zvisarudzo zvinoda mvumo zvinoda mvumo kubva kune ruzhinji rwevane franchise, zvinoreva kuti vanopfuura 50%.
Kana sarudzo ichingokanganisa boka rakati, sevanhu vane kodzero dzekutengeserana vari munharaunda yakati, unongoda mvumo kubva kuboka iroro rakakanganiswa. Une mabasa ekuzivisa vanhu vane kodzero dzekutengeserana munguva yese yehukama hwekodzero dzekutengeserana.
Mabasa aya anoda kujekeswa kwezvinhu zvine chekuita nenetwork yefranchise. Semuenzaniso, kana ukawana imwe fomura yefranchise inoshanda munzvimbo dzinodyidzana, unofanirwa kuzivisa varidzi vefranchise varipo nenguva.
Mutemo uyu unodzikamisa kugona kwako kushandisa mafomula anokwikwidzana munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzevane franchise varipo. Kana fomura itsva iyi ichikodzera se "Derivative Formula" inoratidza kufanana kwakasimba nefranchise yako iripo mumaonero evatengi, unoda mvumo yekutanga kubva kune vane franchise vakakanganiswa.
Izvi zvinowanzo shanda kana mafomura achishandisa hunhu hwakafanana kana zviratidzo zvekutengeserana.
Ndezvipi zvinodiwa kuti vatengesi vemafranchise vaburitse pachena vasati vapinda muchibvumirano muNetherlands?
Unofanira kupa gwaro rakazara reruzivo rwekutanga kune vanoda kutenga franchise vasati vasaina chibvumirano chefranchise. PID inofanira kunge iine ruzivo rwakadzama nezvesangano rako refranchise, mari yekushandisa franchise, uye ruzivo rwemari iripo.
Gwaro iri rinofanira kusanganisira ruzivo nezve system yefranchise, mamiriro emari ekambani yako, uye chero ruzivo rwakakodzera rwekushandiswa kwemari panzvimbo yakarongwa. Kana uine ruzivo nezve mashandiro emari ekare panzvimbo chaiyo kana ruzivo nezvenzvimbo yacho, ruzivo urwu rungangoda kuiswa muPID.
Rugwaro rwemutemo harutsanangure zvakajeka kana uchifanira kupa PID itsva paunenge uchivandudza zvibvumirano zvefranchise makore mashanu ega ega. Zvisinei, kana paine shanduko huru dzakaitwa pachibvumirano chefranchise kana chimiro chemari, kupa PID yakagadziridzwa kunogona kudiwa.
Muzviitiko zvipi chibvumirano che franchise chinogona kugumiswa, uye chii chinokanganisa pamutemo muNetherlands?
Mutemo weFranchise unoda kuti chibvumirano chenyu chefranchise chive nechikamu chinoona kuti rombo rakanaka richaverengwa sei pakupera kwechibvumirano. Haugone kungobvisa muripo werombo rakanaka kuburikidza nezvibvumirano.
Mutemo uyu unofanira kutsanangura nzira yekuverenga rombo rakanaka. Huwandu hwerombo rakanaka hunoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sesimba rechiratidzo chako uye rudzi rwefomura yefranchise.
Nechiratidzo chakasimba uye "fomura yakaoma" umo munodzora zvinhu zvakawanda, mupiro wemunhu ane franchise ku "goodlife" unogona kunge wakaganhurirwa. Muhurongwa hwe "soft franchise" apo munhu ane franchise ane rusununguko rwakawanda, goodlife inogona kunge yakakura.
Kana muchifunga kuti hapana muripo wekubatsira wakakodzera, chibvumirano chenyu chefranchise chinofanira kunge chine tsananguro yakajeka yekuti sei muridzi wefranchise asingazogamuchire muripo wekubatsira. Hazvizivikanwe kana matare achizotsigira mutemo wekuti hapana rubatsiro rwekubatsira, sezvo mutemo wenyaya panyaya iyi usati wagadzirwa.
Ndedzipi nzira dzekugadzirisa gakava dzinowanzo batanidzwa muzvibvumirano zveDutch franchise?
Chibvumirano chenyu chefranchise chinogona kusanganisira nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekugadzirisa gakava dzakadai sekugadzirisa gakava, kugadzirisa nyaya, kana kuti kutongwa kwematare edzimhosva.
Kusarudzwa kwekugadzirisa gakava hakukanganisi kushandiswa kwemutemo weFranchise Act kana nzvimbo dzefranchise dzichishanda muNetherlands.
Kunyangwe chibvumirano chenyu chefranchise chichitongwa nemutemo wekunze uye chinosanganisira maforamu ekugadzirisa gakava rekunze, matare eDutch kana vatongi vacharamba vachishandisa zvinosungirwa zveMutemo weFranchise.
Mutemo unotaura zvakajeka kuti dziviriro dzawo hadzigone kubviswa kana kubviswa kana mapazi efranchise ari muNetherlands.
Vatongi kana vamiririri vanobata gakava rine chekuita nemafranchise ari muNetherlands vanofanira kushandisa zvinodiwa neFranchise Act zvisinei nekuti ndeupi mutemo unodzora zvimwe zvikamu zvechibvumirano.
sei Law and More anogona kubatsira
Law and More inopa mazano kune vanotenga franchise vari kupinda mumusika weDutch uye vane franchise vari kuongorora chikumbiro. Isu tinonyora nekuongorora zvibvumirano zvefranchise uye magwaro eruzivo rwechibvumirano chisati chaitwa tichipesana nechinyorwa. 7:911 kusvika 7:922 BW uye vertical block exemption, tinopa mazano pamusoro pekodzero dzekubvumirana kana fomura ikachinja, tinonyoresa uye tinosimbisa zviratidzo zvekutengeserana nezvakavanzika zvekutengeserana, uye tinotora matanho mukukakavadzana pamusoro pekufanotaura, mari, zvisungo zvisingakwikwidzane, kuzvipira uye kuguma. Kana uri kugadzirira chibvumirano chefranchise kana kuti wakagamuchira chimwe, taura nehofisi yedu nguva yekumira kwemavhiki mana isati yapera.
