Wawana mutongo. Dare rakupa chikumbiro chako uye munhu anopikisa arayirwa kuti abhadhare. Asi mukwereti haabhadhare. Kana vaine pfuma, kutengeswa kwepfuma iyoyo nekumanikidzwa kungave nzira yekutora chikumbiro chako. Izvi zvinonzi kutengeswa kwemhosva (executory sale). Zvisinei, nzira yekubudirira yekusimbiswa kwemhosva irefu, inodhura uye haina chokwadi. Muchinyorwa chino tinotsanangura mashandiro anoita maitiro acho uye njodzi dzaunosangana nadzo, semukweretesi, munzira.
Zita rekuti "rinosungirwa": pokutangira
Kumanikidza pfuma kunotanga nemvumo yepamutemo (executoriale titel). Iri gwaro rinobvumira mutemo kuti isimbiswe. Chinyorwa chinowanzo shandiswa kutonga kwedare, asi gwaro remutemo kana murairo wedare zvinogonawo kushanda semvumo. Mutongo unofanirwa kuziviswa kuti unogona kushanda kwenguva pfupi, kana kuti nguva yekukwidza nyaya inofanira kunge yapera. Pasina mvumo inoshanda, kumanikidza hakugone kutanga.
Basa uye odha yekubhadhara
Muchengeti wechikwereti asati abhadhariswa chero chinhu chipi zvacho, muchengeti wechikwereti anofanira kupa mutongo wake zviri pamutemo — ndiko kuti, kuuendesa zviri pamutemo. Muchengeti wechikwereti anobva atumira gwaro rekubhadhara. Pasi peChikamu 439 cheDutch Code of Civil Procedure (Rv), mukwereti anopiwa mazuva maviri ekubhadhara nekuzvidira mushure mezvose. Kana nguva iyoyo yapera pasina muripo ndipo panotanga kusimbiswa nyaya yacho.
Danho iri harisi rekungoti zvinhu zviitwe nenzira yepamutemo. Kana basa risina kunaka kana kuti murairo usina kupihwa nemazvo, munhu ane chikwereti anogona kupikisa kusimbiswa kwemutemo. Saka zvakakosha kuti muchengeti wemhosva aite basa racho nokungwarira.
Chibatiso chemutengi panzvimbo iyi
Kana nguva yekubhadhara yapera, muchengeti wemari anobhadharisa chibatiso chepfuma iyi. Chibatiso ichi chinonyoreswa mumarejista eruzhinji eLand Registry (Kadaster) (Article 505 Rv). Kubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, chibatiso ichi chinoonekwa nevanhu vechitatu uye pfuma yacho inenge yakaremerwa zviri pamutemo. Muchokwadi, ane chikwereti haagone kutengesa pfuma iyi kana kuiremedza nekodzero itsva. Kana vakadaro zvakadaro, mutengi kana muridzi wekodzero mutsva haagone kuvimba nekutengeserana ikoko achienzanisa neanokweretesa.
Muchengeti wechikwereti anozivisa ane chikwereti nechero ane zvikwereti zvemba nezvechibatiso chacho. Varidzi vemba vane kodzero yekutora mutemo wekuti nyaya yacho itevedzwe — zvimwe zvichataurwa nezvazvo gare gare.
Kutengeswa kwevanhu vose
Mutemo mukuru ndewekuti kutengeswa kwepfuma kuitwe kuburikidza neokisheni yeruzhinji (Article 514 Rv et seq.). Okisheni inorongwa negweta remutemo wehurumende, iro rinonyorawo mitemo yeokisheni. Imba yacho inoziviswa pachine nguva kuburikidza nemarejista eruzhinji uye kazhinji kuburikidza nemapuratifomu eokisheni akasarudzika. Gweta rinobata kushambadzirwa, rinounganidza magwaro eruzivo uye rinoitisa okisheni pachayo.
Pazuva rekutengesa, vanhu vanofarira vanogona kudhinda. Imba yacho inopihwa kune anotenga zvakanyanya, mushure mezvo notary anonyora chibvumirano chekutenga. Mutengo wekutenga unofanirwa kubhadharwa mukati memavhiki mashoma. Mushure mekubhadhara, kuchinjisa kunoitika kuburikidza negwaro re notarial deed of executory sale, iro rakanyoreswawo muLand Registry.
Kutengesa kwepachivande seimwe nzira
Pamusoro pekutengeswa kwemari pachena, Chikamu 3:268(2) cheDutch Civil Code (BW) chinopa mukana wekutengesa mari pachivande. Izvi zvinoda mvumo yemutongi wekutanga, iyo inokumbirwa neanokwereta kana muridzi wemba - kwete neanokwereta pachake. Mutongi anopa mvumo iyoyo kana zvichibvira kuti kutengesa mari pachivande kuchapa purofiti yakakura kupfuura kutengesa.
Mukuita izvi nzira iyi iri kuramba ichitorwa, kunyanya kana vese vane chikwereti vachibvumirana nazvo. Kutengesa kwepachivande kunowanzo famba zvakanaka, kunotora mutengo wakakwira uye kunochengetedza mari yekutengeswa. Kune anokweretesa, kazhinji zvine musoro kufunga nezvesarudzo iyi.
Ko kana munhu ane chikwereti asiri iye muridzi wega?
Muchokwadi, munhu ane chikwereti haasi iye muridzi wepfuma chete. Kazhinji kacho, pane varidzi vaviri vane chikamu chakaenzana, chisina kugoverwa - semuenzaniso vadyidzani vakatenga imba pamwe chete. Izvi zvine mhedzisiro yakakura pakutevedzwa kwemutemo.
Munhu anokweretesa mumwe muridzi wemba anogona kungobhadharisa nekutengesa mugove wemumwe muridzi wemba, kwete pfuma yese (Chikamu 3:175 cheDutch Civil Code, BW). Mugove wemumwe muridzi wemba hausi wemutemo wekusimbisa mutemo, nekuti munhu iyeye haana mhosva yechikwereti. Saka mukweretesi haagone kungoita kuti imba yese itengeswe.
Dambudziko nderekuti hafu yemugove isina kugoverwa yakaoma kutengesa. Hapana mutengi anoda kuwana mubereko wechikamu uye kuva muridzi pamwe chete nemunhu waasingazive, nematambudziko ese anoitika. Pakutengeserana kweveruzhinji, mugove wakadaro, kana ukatengeswa zvachose, unongowana chikamu chidiki chete chemutengo wawo wakaenzana.
Nekuda kwechikonzero ichocho, mukweretesi anowanzoda kuti nharaunda igovaniswe. Pasi peChinyorwa 3:180 BW, mukweretesi anenge atora mugove wemumwe muridzi anogona kuda kuti nharaunda igovaniswe (verdeling), kunyangwe zvichipesana nezvinodiwa nemumwe muridzi. Kuburikidza nekugovaniswa kwepfuma yese inogona kutengeswa uye mari yese inogovaniswa pakati pevaridzi vemumwe muridzi zvichienderana nezvikamu zvavo. Mukweretesi anogona kuzowana mari kubva muchikamu chemari yemukweretesi, ukuwo mugove wemumwe muridzi wemumwe muridzi uchibhadharwa kumunhu iyeye uye unoramba uri kure neanokweretesa.
Pane imwe mamiriro ezvinhu anomuka apo varidzi vemba vakaroorana mumhuri yepfuma (gemeenschap van goederen) uye chikwereti chacho chiri chikwereti chemhuri. Muchiitiko ichocho, nharaunda yese - kusanganisira pfuma yese - inogona kushanda senzira yekutsiva, nekuti vaviri vakaroorana vane mutoro. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune zvimwe zvikwereti izvo varidzi vese vane mutoro nazvo pamwe chete, zvakaita sechikwereti chemubatanidzwa. Zvisinei, apo mumwe chete wevaridzi ndiye ane chikwereti chemunhu, muganho wemugove wemunhu iyeye unoshanda.
Saka kune anokweretesa mari, zvakakosha kuti aongorore, vasati vatora mari yekutenga, kuti ndivanaani varidzi vepfuma vakanyoreswa uye kuti vane mari yacho pahwaro hupi. Land Registry (Kadaster) inoratidza chinzvimbo chemuridzi. Kuti pfuma yese kana kuti chikamu chimwe chete chinogona kumanikidzwa kuibvisa ndicho chinonyanya kusarudza mikana yekudzoserwa - pamwe chete nemari uye nguva inodiwa nenzira yacho.
Kugoverwa kwemari inowanikwa: urongwa hwekutarisa
Kana imba yatengeswa uye mutengo wekutenga wagamuchirwa, mari yacho inofanira kugoverwa. Kana paine vanokweretesa vakawanda - izvo zvinowanzoitika pakutevedzwa kwemutemo wepfuma - hurongwa hwekusarudza (rangregeling) hunoitika (Article 551 Rv et seq.). Gweta kana mutongi anotarisira ndiye anosarudza kuti ndevapi vanokweretesa vanobhadharwa uye kuti vanobhadharwa sei.
Munhu ane chikwereti ndiye anotora nzvimbo yekutanga. Tevere kune vanokweretesa mari vakaita seTax Authorities. Mushure meizvozvo, mari yekumanikidza inobhadharwa. Chero chinosara chinogoverwa kune vanokweretesa mari zvichienderana nedanho rezuva ravo rekubatanidza: chero ani zvake akabatanidzwa kare ane chinzvimbo chepamusoro. Chero chinosara mushure mekugoverwa kwakazara chinoenda kune ane chikwereti.
Njodzi 1: muridzi wemba anoisa pakutanga
Njodzi huru kune anokweretesa ndeyekurongeka kwenzvimbo. Bhangi kana mumwe munhu ane chikwereti chemba ane kodzero yechikwereti pamusoro peimba uye nekudaro anomira pamberi peanokweretesa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti chikwereti chemba - kusanganisira chikwereti chemubereko nemari yekuwedzera - chinotanga chabhadharwa kubva mumari yekutengesa. Chinosara chete ndicho chinowanikwa kumukweretesi.
Kune imba ine chikwereti chemba chakakwira kana tichienzanisa nemutengo wayo wemusika, panogona kunge pasina chasara kune anokweretesa mushure mekunge imba yabhadharwa — kunyangwe imba yacho ikatengeswa nemutengo unonzwisisika.
Njodzi yechipiri: mari inowanikwa mukutevedzwa kwemutemo yakaderera pane zvaitarisirwa
Dzimba dzinotengeswa kuburikidza neokisheni yeruzhinji dzinodhura zvishoma pane dzimba dzinotengeswa pachivande pamusika wakavhurika. Vanotenga dzimba vanoziva kuti vari kutenga imba yekumanikidzwa kutengeswa: vane mikana mishoma yekuongorora, mamiriro eimba yacho haazivikanwe zvizere, uye pane mukana wekuti aimbova muridzi weimba haazobvi nekuzvidira. Zvese izvi zvinoratidzwa nemutengo wakaderera wekutenga imba.
Musiyano uripo pakati pemhedzisiro yekutengeserana nemutengo wemusika wakavhurika ndewechokwadi uye unogona kuva mukuru, asi hausi huwandu hwakatarwa: hunosiyana zvichienderana nepfuma, nzvimbo, mamiriro emusika uye kana imba yacho yakatengeswa isina chinhu kana kuti yakagarwa. Mukweretesi anenge averenga kubva pamutengo wepamutemo wemutero (WOZ) kana pamushumo wekuongorora angangodaro achishamisika mushure mekutengesa, saka shanda kubva pakuyera kunoratidza kukosha kwemutemo pamwe chete nemutengo wemusika.
Njodzi 3: kukwikwidzana kwevakweretesi vanobatana
Kashoma kuti mukweretesi ave iye ega ane hanya nepfuma yemukweretesi. Vamwe vanokweretesa vanogona kunge vakatorawo mari yekuwedzera, uye chinzvimbo chavo chinotsanangurwa nezuva rakanyoreswa mari yavo muLand Registry. Munhu wese aivepo kare ndiye anotanga.
Mukweretesi anouya kumberi kwenyaya yacho achava nenjodzi yekuzopedzisira asvika pakurongwa kwemari, mari iripo yapera panguva iyoyo. Saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti utange kutora chikwereti nekukurumidza mushure mekuwana gwaro rekushandisa.
Njodzi 4: mari inoderedza mari inowanikwa
Kumanikidza pfuma kunosanganisira mari yakawanda: mari yemumiriri wedare redzimhosva yekushandira nekubatanidza, mari yemumiriri wedare redzimhosva yekutengeswa kwepfuma kana yekutengesa imba, mari yekunyoresa magwaro enzvimbo, uye pamwe mari yekudzinga munhu kana ane chikwereti asingabvi pamba nekuzvidira. Mari dzese idzi dzinobviswa kubva mumari yekutengesa vasati vabhadharwa nevanokweretesa.
Kunyange zvazvo mari yekumanikidza iri pamberi pemari yakajairika, inoderedza mari inowanikwa neanokweretesa. Kune dzimba dzine mutengo wakaderera kana dzine chikwereti chakakwira chemba, mari yacho inogona kumedza chikamu chikuru chemari yakawandisa iripo.
Njodzi 5: kutongwa kwemutemo wekumanikidza vanhu kuti vasatevedzere mutemo
Munhu ane chikwereti ane kodzero yekupikisa kusimbiswa kwemutemo kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekumanikidza (executiekortgeding) pamberi pemutongi wekutanga wekuregererwa (Article 438 Rv). Vanogona kutaura kuti kusimbiswa kwemutemo kumiswe, semuenzaniso nekuti vanoti chikumbiro chakatobhadharwa (chikamu) chemutemo, kuti pane kushandiswa zvisizvo kwesimba rekumanikidza, kana kuti mamiriro matsva amuka anomira munzira yekusimbiswa kwemutemo.
Kungotadza kubhadhara hakusi chikonzero chakakwana chekumbomiswa kwechikwereti. Asi nyaya dzekurambidzwa kwechikwereti dzinoda nguva nemari, kunyangwe kana mukweretesi akazoonekwa kuti akarurama. Maitiro acho anogona kunonoka kwemavhiki, asi mari yacho ichikwira.
Njodzi 6: kusimbiswa kwemutemo nemuridzi wemba
Chinyorwa 3:268 BW inopa muridzi wemba kodzero yekumanikidza kuti nyaya yacho itengwe (parate executie): vanogona kutengesa imba yacho pasina mvumo yedare uye pasina muridzi wemba anofanirwa kupa mvumo. Kana muridzi wemba akakundikanawo kuzadzisa zvisungo zvake zvemba, bhangi rinowanzo sarudza kuenderera mberi nekumanikidza kuti nyaya yacho itengwe.
Muchiitiko ichocho, mukweretesi anorasikirwa nesimba zvachose. Bhengi rinosarudza nguva, nzira yekutengesa uye gweta. Mukweretesi anongomirira kuona kana paine chasara kwaari mushure mekunge chikwereti chemba nemitengo yekuwedzera zvabhadharwa.
Njodzi 7: kubhuroka kwemukwereti
Kana munhu ane chikwereti akaziviswa kuti haana mari panguva yekumanikidzwa kwemutemo, mutariri wechikwereti anotora kodzero dzemunhu ane chikwereti. Kubatanidzwa kwepfuma kunobva kwava chikamu chepfuma yekutyora mutemo uye kusimbiswa kwemutemo wemunhu mumwe nemumwe kunomiswa. Nyaya yacho inogadziriswa kubva ipapo kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekutyora mutemo.
Mutariri ndiye anosarudza kutengeswa kwepfuma uye mari yacho inogoverwa zvichienderana neBankruptcy Act. Kune mukweretesi asina chibatiso — asina mortgage kana vimbiso — izvi zvinoreva kuti kazhinji achabhadharwa chikamu chidiki chechikwereti chake, kana paine chero chaanogona kubhadhara.
Njodzi 8: chikwereti chasara hachigadzirise chero chinhu
Kunyangwe kusimbiswa kwacho kwakabudirira hazvirevi kuti chikumbiro chagutsikana zvizere. Kana mari yakawanikwa pakutengesa, mushure mekubviswa kwechikwereti chemba, mari yekutenga nezvimwe zvikumbiro, isina kukwana kubhadhara chikumbiro chose, chikwereti chasara chinoramba chiripo. Mukwereti ndiye ane mhosva yacho pachake.
Asi munhu ane chikwereti akarasikirwa nemba yake uye angave ari mumatambudziko emari anowanzova nezvinhu zvishoma zvinokwanisa kudzoserwa. Mukweretesi anobva atora chikwereti chemari yasara zviri pamutemo, asi mukana wekuti atore chikwereti chacho ushoma pakushanda.
Njodzi 9: kumanikidza mutongo wekutanga iwe uchirasikirwa nesarudzo yepamusoro
Mutongo wakapihwa pakutanga unowanzo nzi unogona kushanda kwenguva pfupi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti unobvumirwa kuenderera mberi nekusimbisa nyaya iyi apo nyaya yacho ichiri kukwidzwa uye mutongo wacho usati wava wekupedzisira. Izvi zvingaita sezvinonakidza nekuti haufanirwe kumirira, asi zvine njodzi huru: kana nyaya yacho ikasarurwa uye mutongo wacho ukabviswa, hwaro hwepamutemo hwawakaisa pamhosva iyi hunopera zvachose.
Mhedzisiro yeizvi inogona kusvika kure. Uchabva waita kuti imba yako ishandiswe pasina kodzero yekuva nekodzero yekutenga uye, muchokwadi, uchava nemhosva yekurasikirwa kwakakonzerwa nemukwereti nekuda kweizvozvo. Nekuti imba yacho yakatengeswa uye yaendeswa kune mumwe munhu, haugone kudzoreredza kutengeswa ikoko: mutengi akawana imba yacho nekutenda kwakanaka pakutengesa imba yacho anodzivirirwa. Uchafanira kudzorera mari yawakagamuchira uye, pamusoro pezvo, bhadhara kurasikirwa kwakawedzerwa, senge mutsauko uripo pakati pekukosha kweimba yacho nemutengo chaiwo weimba yacho, mari yekufambisa uye chero kukuvara kwakakonzerwa nako.
Mutoro uyu zvakare mutoro wakaoma, unobva panjodzi: chero ani zvake anomanikidza mutongo unozobviswa padivi anoita zvaanoda, kunyangwe kana aive nechivimbo chakanaka. Kurasikirwa nekukwirira kunogona kukukonzera kurasikirwa nemari yakawanda kupfuura chikumbiro chekutanga. Nechikonzero ichocho, gara uchiongorora kuti nyaya yako yakasimba sei, kana mumwe munhu achipa mukana wekubhadhara chero chii zvacho, uye kana kuri kuchenjera kumirira mhedzisiro yekukwirira pane kumanikidza ipapo ipapo.
Ndeipi nzira yakanakisisa yekuita semukweretesi?
Usati waenderera mberi nekusimbisa mutemo wepfuma, ongorora zvakanaka. Zvibvunze mibvunzo inotevera: mutengo wepfuma pari zvino wakamira sei uye chikwereti chemba chakakwira sei? Kune vamwe vanokweretesa mari vanobata here uye chinzvimbo chavo chakaita sei? Pane here midziyo kana mari yemukwereti iyo kumanikidza kuri nyore uye kwakachipa? Uye kugadzirisana zvakanaka - kungave kuri pasi pekutyisidzirwa kwekumanikidza - sarudzo chaiyo here?
Kutyisidzirwa kwekumanikidzwa kwemutemo dzimwe nguva kunoshanda zvakanyanya mukuita kupfuura kumanikidzwa kwemutemo pachawo. Vane chikwereti vanoziva kuti imba yavo iri panjodzi vanowanzo bvuma hurongwa hwekubhadhara kana chibvumirano chavakaramba kare. Tsamba yekukumbira kana chiziviso chekumanikidzwa kwemutemo chinogona kupa mhedzisiro inodiwa pasina nzira yakareba uye inodhura yekumanikidzwa kwemutemo ichifanira kupedzwa zvizere.
Zvinoitwa nekutengesa kwemutengesi mukuru
Kutengeswa kwepfuma nenzira yekutonga chinhu chine simba chiri mumaoko emukweretesi, asi hapana vimbiso yekuunganidzwa kwakazara kwechikumbiro. Maitiro aya anosanganisira njodzi dzakawanda dzemutemo, zvemari uye dzemaitiro dzinoda kugadzirira kwakanaka uye sarudzo dzehurongwa. Kurongwa kwekutanga kwemukweretesi, mari shoma yekumanikidza, mari yematare, mukana wekutongwa kwemhosva uye njodzi yekubhuroka zvinoita kuti iyi ive nzira isingafanirwe kuitwa zviri nyore.
Iwe, semukweretesi, ungada here kurongerwa sarudzo dzako dzekudzoserwa mari, kana kuti unoda mazano ekuti kutevedzera mutemo ndiyo danho rakakodzera here mumamiriro ako ezvinhu? Magweta epa Law & More vanofara kukubatsira.
Mibvunzo inowanzobvunzwa
Chii chandinoda kuti ndibhadharise chibvumirano chekuchengetedza pfuma?
Unoda gwaro remutemo rinogona kusimbiswa: kazhinji mutongo wedare wakaziviswa kuti unoshanda kwenguva pfupi, kana kuti nguva yekukwidza nyaya yacho yapera. Pachikonzero ichocho, muchengeti wemhosva anogona kupa mutongo, kupa gwaro rekubhadhara, uye ozobhadharisa pfuma yemunhu ane chikwereti.
Maitiro acho anotora nguva yakareba sei kubva pakubatanidzwa kusvika pakutengeswa chaiko?
Izvi zvinosiyana, asi unofanira kuverenga kubva pamwedzi mitatu kusvika mitanhatu. Nguva dzekuzivisa mutemo wekutengesa zvinhu, mukana wekuti munhu ane chikwereti abvumidzwe uye chero gakava pamusoro pehurongwa hwekusarudza zvinhu zvinogona kuwedzera maitiro acho. Kutengesa zvinhu zvepachivande kuburikidza nemutongi wekubatsira kwekutanga kunogona kuitika nekukurumidza mune dzimwe nguva.
Munhu ane chikwereti anogona kumisa kumanikidzwa kwemutemo here?
Mukweretesi anogona kuunza nyaya yekumanikidzwa kwemutemo pamberi pemutongi wedare redzimhosva okumbira kuti mutemo umiswe. Izvi hazvibudiriri nyore nyore: kungotadza kubhadhara hakuna kukwana. Mutongi anopindira kana paine kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwesimba, zvinhu zvitsva zvinodzivisa mutemo, kana chikanganiso chiri pachena mukutonga. Zvisinei, nyaya yekumanikidzwa kwemutemo inogara ichinonotsa maitiro acho, kunyangwe kana mukweretesi akakundikana.
Chii chinoitika kana mari yekutengeswa yakaderera pane chikwereti?
Kana mari yekumanikidza isina kukwana kuzadzisa chikumbiro chose, chikwereti chasara chinoramba chiripo. Mukwereti anoramba aine mutoro weizvi. Zvisinei, mukuita, kuunganidza chikwereti ichocho chasara kwakaoma: mukwereti akarasikirwa nemba yake kazhinji haana zvinhu zvakawanda zvinodzoserwa. Unogona kunyora chikumbiro chasara wozoshandisa matanho ekumanikidza zvakare kana mukwereti akawana zvinhu zvitsva.
Bhangi iri ndiro rinotanga kundipfuura ini semukweretesi here?
Ehe. Munhu ane chikwereti chemba — kazhinji kacho bhangi rakapa chikwereti chemba — ndiye ane chinzvimbo chepamusoro uye ndiye anotanga kubhadharwa kubva mumari yekutengesa. Chinosara chete mushure mekunge chikwereti chemba chabhadharwa ndicho chinoenda kune vane chikwereti, vachigoverwa zvichienderana nezuva ravakatora chikwereti.
Ini semukweretesi, ndinogona here kuunzawo kutengesa kwepachivande?
Kwete zvakananga. Chikumbiro chekutengesa kwepachivande pasi peChinyorwa 3:268(2) BW chinofanira kutumirwa neanokwereta kana muridzi wemba, kwete neanokwereta. Zvisinei, unogona kufunga zvakanaka wopa mvumo yako, izvo zvinowedzera mukana wekuti mutongi wekubatsira kwekutanga abvumire chikumbiro chacho. Kutengesa kwepachivande kunowanzo buritsa mari yakawanda kupfuura okisheni, iyo iriwo mubereko wako.
Ko kana munhu ane chikwereti ari muridzi wepfuma pamwe chete nemumwe munhu?
Saka unogona kungomanikidza mugove wemunhu ane chikwereti kuti uparadzwe, kwete mugove wemumwe muridzi, uyo asina mhosva yechikwereti. Nekuti mugove wechikamu haugone kutengeswa, mukweretesi anogona kukumbira kugoverwa kwenharaunda pasi peChinyorwa 3:180 BW, kuitira kuti pfuma yese itengeswe uye iwe unotora mari kubva muchikamu chemari inowanikwa nemukweretesi. Izvi zvakasiyana apo varidzi vese vane mhosva, semuenzaniso vakaroorana vakaroorana mumhuri ine chikwereti chemhuri; muchiitiko ichocho pfuma yese inogona kushanda senzira yekutsiva.
Chii chinoitika kana munhu ane chikwereti akabhuroka panguva yekumanikidzwa kwemutemo?
Kana chikwereti chabhuroka, mutariri wepfuma anopinda mukodzero dzake uye kusimbiswa kwemari yemunhu pachake kunomiswa. Imba yacho inova chikamu chepfuma yekubhuroka. Mutariri wepfuma anotengesa imba yacho uye anogovera mari yacho zvichienderana neBankruptcy Act. Semunhu ane chikwereti chisina kuchengetedzwa — asina kodzero yekuchengetedza — unobva wava kumashure kwemutsara uye mukana wekuwana mari yese wakaderera.
Kumanikidza vanhu kuti vasashandise pfuma ndiyo sarudzo yakanakisisa nguva dzose here?
Kwete sezvakatsanangurwa. Kumanikidza pfuma kunofanira kuitwa nenzira inorema uye inodhura. Mune zvimwe zviitiko dzimwe nzira dzekudzosa mari — dzakadai sekubatanidza mari yebhangi kana mari yemuhoro — dzinokurumidza uye dzakachipa. Uyezve, kutyisidzira kwekusimbisa mari kunogona kukwana kuita kuti munhu ane chikwereti aite chibvumirano chakanaka. Zvakanaka kubvunza gweta pachine nguva rinogona kuongorora nzira dzekudzosa mari mumamiriro ako chaiwo.
