Chibvumirano chebasa cheDutch: mitemo nezvikamu

Chibvumirano chebasa cheDutch chinouya nenzira mbiri: chenguva yakatarwa (bepaalde tijd) kana kwenguva isingazivikanwi (onbepaalde tijd), uye musiyano unosarudza zvinenge zvese zvinotevera. Chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chinopera nekushanda kwemutemo pazuva rakabvumiranwa, asi pasi pemutemo wecheni muchikamu 7:668a cheDutch Civil Code chinoshanduka kuita chibvumirano chenguva dzose kana mushandi ave nezvibvumirano zvinopfuura zvitatu zvakatevedzana, kana kuti akashanda kwemakore anopfuura matatu, nekuzorora kweisingasviki mwedzi mitanhatu pakati. Zvakawanda zvezvingabvumiranwa nemapoka kunze kweizvozvo, kubva panguva yekuedzwa kusvika kuchikamu chisiri chemakwikwi, zvinodzorwa nemutemo uye hazvishande kana mamiriro emutemo asina kuzadzikiswa.

Nguva yakatarwa kana kuti isingaperi: sarudzo inoumba hukama

Chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chinopera choga kana nguva yakabvumiranwa yapera. Hapana chiziviso chinodiwa uye hapana mvumo kubva kuUWV kana kudare inodiwa, izvo zvinoita kuti chikwezve vashandirwi. Hazvigonewo kupedzwa nekukurumidza: kugumisa kwenguva pfupi kunogoneka chete kana mapato ese akabvumirana nechikamu chekuzivisa kwenguva pfupi pakutanga. Pasina chikamu ichocho, mushandirwi anoda kusiya kambani zuva rekupedzisira risati rasvika anofanira kusvika pakugadzirisa kana kukumbira dare kuti riparadze chibvumirano, uye mushandi anongobuda anenge achityora mutemo. Chibvumirano chenguva isingaperi chinomhanya kusvika chapera zvakanaka, uye kugumisa kunoda chibvumirano chemushandi, mvumo kubva kuUWV, kana sarudzo yedare redunhu. Ndiyo moyo wekudzivirira kudzingwa kweDutch, uye ndosaka sarudzo pakati pemafomu maviri echibvumirano iri yehurongwa pane ruzivo rwekutonga. Hurongwa hwakakura, kusanganisira zvikonzero zvekudzingwa, hwakatsanangurwa mugwaro redu rekuti Dutch basa mutemo.Zvinhu zviviri zvinoshanda zvinowanzo furatirwa. Chibvumirano chebasa hachifanirwe kunge chakanyorwa kuti chivepo: kana mumwe munhu akaita basa rake ega kune mumwe kwenguva yakati uye akabhadharwa, mutemo unoona hukama hwacho sebasa. Chinofanira kunge chakanyorwa izvikamu zvega zvega izvo mutemo unoisa zvichienderana nechibvumirano chakanyorwa, kunyanya nguva yekuedzwa, chikamu chisina makwikwi uye chikamu chekuzivisa kwenguva pfupi muchibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa. Chechipiri, chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa hachifanirwe kumhanya kusvika pazuva rakatarwa; chinogonawo kusungirirwa pakupedzwa kwepurojekiti. Izvozvo zvinobvumirwa, asi zvine mhedzisiro yebasa rekuzivisa uye yenguva yekuedzwa, inokurukurwa pazasi.

Mutemo wecheni: kana chibvumirano chechinguvana chikava chechigarire

Mutemo wekuchengetedza vanhu uripo kuti vashandirwi vasarambe vachichengeta vanhu vari pamakondirakiti echinguvana kwenguva isingaperi. Ndiwo mutemo mumwe chete unonyanya kukosha munharaunda iyi, uye unowanzo verengerwa zvisizvo. Pasi pechinyorwa 7:668a cheCivil Code, makondirakiti enguva yakatarwa anotevedzana pakati pemushandirwi mumwechete nemushandi anoshanduka kuita kondirakiti kwenguva isingaperi kana imwe yemiganhu miviri yapasiswa: cheni inodarika makondirakiti matatu, zvekuti kondirakiti yechina inogara kwenguva refu, kana kuti nguva yese yecheni inodarika makore matatu, ipapo kondirakiti inotora huwandu hwese hwakapfuura muganho iwoyo inova inogara kwenguva refu kubva panguva iyoyo. Makondirakiti anoverengwa seanotevedzana kana nguva iri pakati pawo iri mwedzi mitanhatu kana pasi. Kuputsika kwemwedzi inopfuura mitanhatu kunodzosera cheni ku zero. Kugadziriswa kutatu kunokosha mukushanda. Mutemo uyu unotevera basa, kwete mushandirwi chete: kana mushandirwi mutsva achifanira kutariswa semutsivi wekare maererano nebasa rakaitwa, makondirakiti ekutanga anoverengwawo. Izvi ndizvo zvinobata mabhizinesi anotora basa, kana anotamisa mushandi kubva pachibvumirano chesangano kuenda kune chakananga. Chibvumirano chevashandi pamwe chete chinogona kusiyana nemiganhu yakatarwa yemabasa nemasector akatarwa, ndosaka CAO inoshanda ichifanirwa kuongororwa isati yapihwa chero chibvumirano. Uye mune mamwe masector uye kune mamwe mapoka, akadai sebasa remwaka uye mamwe mapoka evashandi vechidiki, mitemo yakasiyana inoshanda. Migumisiro yekukanganisa haina kuenzana. Kana cheni ikadarika, mushandi anongove nekondirakiti yechigarire nekushanda kwemutemo, uye mushandirwi anorega kondirakiti ichipera pazuva rekupedzisira rinofungidzirwa ari kugumisa kondirakiti yechigarire pasina mvumo. Uku kudzingwa basa zvisiri pamutemo, uye mushandi anogona kukumbira dare kuti ribvise uye kukumbira muripo wekudzoserwa, kana kukumbira muripo panzvimbo pezvo. Kuchengeta rekodhi chaiyo yechibvumirano chega chega, mazuva ekutanga nekuguma kwacho uye nguva dziri pakati pazvo hakusi kutonga kwayo; humbowo hunoratidza kuti mubvunzo iwoyo unosarudzwa. Shanduko kumutemo uyu yakagamuchirwa asi haisati yashanda. Pasi pemutemo wakagadzirirwa kupa vashandi vanochinjika kuchengetedzeka kwakawanda, nguva yekukanganisa inoputsa cheni ichawedzerwa kubva pamwedzi mitanhatu kusvika kumakore matatu, izvo zvichaita kuti zviome zvikuru kugadzirisa cheni nekumira kwemwaka. Mutemo uyu unotanga kushanda nemutemo wehumambo, saka kusvika mutemo iwoyo waitwa, nguva yemwedzi mitanhatu inoramba ichishanda. Musaronga mutemo mutsva usati watanga kushanda, uye musafunga kuti wekare ucharamba uripo.

Nguva dzekuedzwa, zviziviso uye nguva dzekuzivisa

Mitemo mitatu yakasiyana yekutonga nguva inotonga kutanga nekuguma kwechibvumirano, uye imwe neimwe ine musungo wayo.

Nguva yekuedzwa

Nguva yekuedzwa inofanira kubvumirana yakanyorwa uye inofanira kunge yakareba zvakafanana kune vese vari vaviri. Chinyorwa 7:652 cheCivil Code chinotara nguva yepamusoro uye zvinoenderana nechibvumirano:

chibvumirano chenguva isingazivikanwi: mwedzi miviri;
chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chemakore maviri kana kupfuura: mwedzi miviri;
chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chinodarika mwedzi mitanhatu asi chisingasviki makore maviri: mwedzi mumwe chete;
chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chine magumo asina kurongwa pazuva rekarenda: mwedzi mumwe chete;
chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chemwedzi mitanhatu kana pasi: hapana nguva yekuedzwa zvachose.

Chitsauko chinopfuura mwero wepamusoro hachina basa zvachose, uye mugumisiro wacho wakaoma: saka hapana nguva yekuedzwa zvachose, kwete yakapfupikiswa. Mushandirwi anodzinga panguva yaaitenda kuti yaive nguva yekuedzwa muchiitiko ichocho anenge agumisa chibvumirano pasina hwaro hwakakodzera. Nguva yekuedzwa haitenderwiwo muchibvumirano chekutevera nemushandirwi mumwe chete kunze kwekunge chinzvimbo chitsva chichida hunyanzvi kana mabasa akasiyana. Munguva yekuedzwa kwakakodzera chero bato ripi zvaro rinogona kugumisa chibvumirano nekukasika uye pasina kupa chikonzero, uye hapana nguva yekuzivisa inoshanda. Chikonzero chingave chisiri chekusarura, uye zvinorambidzwa zvakajairika pakusarura zvinoramba zvichishanda. Ziva zvakare kuti kodzero yekubhadhara shanduko inotanga kubva pazuva rekutanga rebasa, saka kudzingwa panguva yekuedzwa kunogona kukonzera imwe, zvisinei nekuti idiki sei.

Chiziviso chekupera kwechibvumirano

Chinyorwa 7:668 cheMutemo weVanhu chinomanikidza mushandirwi, pachibvumirano chega chega chemwedzi mitanhatu kana kupfuura chinopera pazuva rekarenda, kuzivisa mushandi nekunyora mwedzi mumwe chete usati wasvika zuva rekupedzisira kana chibvumirano chichaenderera mberi uye, kana zvakadaro, pamitemo ipi. Uku ndiko kubvunzana, uye kwakasiyana nemubvunzo wekuti chibvumirano chinopera here: chibvumirano chichiri kupera, asi kutadza kuzivisa mari kunodhura. Mushandirwi asingapi chiziviso anokwereta muripo wakaenzana nemwedzi mumwe chete wemuhoro; chiziviso chekunonoka chinodhura chikamu chakaenzana cheizvozvo. Zvisinei, chikumbiro hachiitiki otomatiki: mushandi anofanira kuchikumbira, uye kodzero yacho inopera kana isina kukumbirwa mukati memwedzi mitatu kubva pazuva iro chisungo chakasimuka. Vashandirwi vanofanira kuisa chiziviso ichi mukutonga kwavo kwechibvumirano mavhiki matanhatu pachine nguva; vashandi vasina kuwana chinhu vanofanira kuchikumbira nekukurumidza pane kuti vawana basa idzva.

Nguva dzekuzivisa

Pachibvumirano chenguva isingazivikanwi, nguva yekuzivisa yemushandi ndeyemwedzi mumwe chete. Kune mushandirwi zvinoenderana nehurefu hwebasa, zvichikwira nematanho kubva pamwedzi mumwe chete pabasa risingasviki makore mashanu kusvika kumwedzi mina pabasa remakore gumi nemashanu kana kupfuura. Chiziviso chinopihwa kubva pakupera kwemwedzi wekarenda kunze kwekunge chibvumirano kana CAO ichipa zvimwe. Mapato anogona kutsauka nekunyora, asi kwete zvakasununguka. Kana nguva yekuzivisa yemushandi ikawedzerwa, haifanirwe kudarika mwedzi mitanhatu, uye nguva yemushandirwi inofanira kunge yakapetwa kaviri yemushandi. Chibvumirano chinoda mwedzi miviri yekuzivisa kubva kumushandi uye mumwe kubva kumushandirwi saka hachisi chekungosarura; hachitevedzere zvinodiwa nemutemo.

Zvikamu zvinotongwa nemutemo

Chibvumirano chebasa chekuNetherlands chinogona kuva nezvakawanda kupfuura zvinodiwa, asi zvimwe zvezvikamu zvakajairika zvinongoshanda chete kana zvabvumiranwa nemutemo. Chikamu chisina makwikwi chinoshanda chete kana chakabvumiranwa nekunyora nemushandi wezera rakazara. Muchibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa, hazvibvumirwi zvachose, uye chinoshanda chete kana mushandirwi akaisa muchibvumirano chacho chirevo chakanyorwa chezvido zvebhizinesi zvinoita kuti zvidikanwe. Chikamu chisina chikonzero ichocho hachina basa, uye kunyange chikamu chine chikonzero chakakodzera chinogona kubviswa kana kuganhurirwa nedare kana mushandi wacho akakanganiswa zvisina kururama nacho maererano nechido chiri kuchengetwa nemushandirwi. Chikamu chehukama, chinorambidza kusangana nevatengi pane kukwikwidzana kazhinji, chinoongororwa nenzira imwecheteyo. Chikamu chinorambidza mabasa eparutivi hachina basa kunze kwekunge mushandirwi achigona kuvimba nechikonzero chakajeka, senge hutano nekuchengetedzeka, kuchengetedzwa kwemashoko akavanzika kana kudzivirira kusawirirana kwezvido. Chikonzero hachifanirwe kutaurwa muchibvumirano, asi chinofanira kuvapo kana mushandirwi akashandisa chikamu ichi. Kudzidziswa kunofanira kuitwa nemushandirwi, kungave pasi pemutemo wepamutemo kana pasi peCAO, kunofanira kunge kuri kwemahara kumushandi uye kunofanira kuitwa panguva yekushanda, uye chero chikamu chinoda kuti mushandi abhadhare mari yekudzidziswa kwakadaro hakushande. Zvikamu zvekubhadhara mari yekudzidza zvinogoneka pakudzidziswa uko mushandirwi haasungirwi kupa, chero bedzi zvichinzwisisika uye zvichiderera nekufamba kwenguva. Chikamu chekuchinja chimwe nechimwe chinobvumira mushandirwi kushandura zvirevo pasina chibvumirano, asi chete kana mushandirwi aine mubereko wakakura zvekuti mubereko wemushandi unofanira kuubvuma, uchitongwa nematanho ekunzwisisa uye kururamisira. Mumatare edzimhosva anoisa muganho iwoyo. Chikamu chemutongo chinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemutemo zvakadzama nezvechimiro, nzvimbo yemurango uye huwandu hwakanyanya, uye zvikamu zvakakopwa kubva kumatemplate ekunze zvinogara zvichikundikana.

Chii chinofanira kunge chiri muchibvumirano, uye zvinowedzerwa neCAO

Kubva pakatanga kushandiswa murairo weEurope wemamiriro ekushanda akajeka uye anofungidzirwa, mushandirwi anofanira kuzivisa mushandi nezvezvinhu zvakakosha zvehukama, kunyanya nekunyora uye mukati menguva dzakatarwa mushure mekunge basa ratanga. Mukuita, ruzivo irworwo rwunoiswa muchibvumirano pachacho. Zvinhu zvakakosha ndezvekuti ndiani ari mubato, nzvimbo yebasa, chinzvimbo uye rudzi rwebasa, zuva rekutanga uye, kune chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa, zuva rekupera kana chiitiko chinoonekwa kuti chinogumisa basa, muhoro nezvikamu zvaro uye nzira nenguva yekubhadhara, maawa ekushanda uye kuti akarongwa sei, kodzero yezororo, nguva yekuedzwa kana iripo, nguva dzekuzivisa, gadziriro yepensheni kana iripo, kudzidziswa kunoitwa nemushandirwi, uye kana chibvumirano chevashandi pamwe chete chichishanda. Pfungwa yekupedzisira iyoyo inofanirwa kusimbiswa, nekuti CAO haisi yekuwedzera kuverenga. Chibvumirano chevashandi pamwe chete chakaitwa pakati pemasangano evashandirwi nemasangano evashandi chinogona kushanda nekuti mushandirwi inhengo yebato racho, kana kuti nekuti gurukota rakazivisa kuti chinosunga chikamu chose, uye izvi zvinoshanda kumushandirwi wese ari muchikamu ichocho kunyangwe aive akabatanidzwa mukutaurirana. Kana CAO ikashanda, inotora nzvimbo yekutanga pane imwe chete isingafarire mushandi, saka chibvumirano chinovimbisa zvishoma pane CAO chinongopa mushandi kodzero yeCAO. Saka kutarisa kuti ndeipi CAO inoshanda ndiyo danho rekutanga usati wanyora chero chinhu, kwete mutemo pakupera. Zvimwe zvinodiwa zvinobva kumutemo uye hazvigone kuderedzwa nechibvumirano. Mushandi wese ane kodzero yekuwana kanenge kana maawa ekushanda evhiki nevhiki akabvumiranwa muzororo rinobhadharwa gore rega rega, izvo zvemazuva mashanu evhiki zvinoreva mazuva makumi maviri. Mari yezororo inosvika zvikamu zvisere muzana yemuhoro inofanirwa kubhadharwa pasi peMutemo weMinimum Wage Act, unowanzo kubhadharwa muna Chivabvu kana Chikumi. Muhoro wepasi wepamutemo unogadziriswa kaviri pagore uye unoburitswa nehurumende, saka nhamba inoshanda inofanira kugara ichitorwa kubva patafura yepamutemo iripo pane kubva pane chimwe chinhu kana chibvumirano chekare. Nguva yekushanda inogumira neMutemo weMaawa Ekushanda, uyo unoganhurira kuchinja kwemaawa gumi nemaviri nevhiki kusvika kumaawa makumi matanhatu, neavhareji yakaderera munguva refu yekutarisa, uye unotaura zororo shoma uye nguva yekuzorora yevhiki nevhiki isina kukanganiswa.

Mamiriro ezvinhu anoda kutarisirwa zvakanyanya

Mamwe marongero haasi echibvumirano chenguva yakazara, uye chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinowedzera mitemo pamusoro pezvose zvatsanangurwa pamusoro apa. Mafomu ekushanda anochinjika, kubatwa kwakaenzana kwevashandi pamhando dzakasiyana dzezvibvumirano, uye zvibvumirano zvine chikamu chemiganhu zvinoumba chikamu chikuru chemakakatanwa atinoona, uye zvese zvitatu zvinogoneka kana zvikagadziriswa kana chibvumirano chanyorwa pane kana chapikiswa.

Basa riripo panguva yekufona, basa remumiriri uye mamwe maitiro anochinjika

Hazvisi zvese zvibvumirano zviri nyore kushanda nguva yakazara, uye mafomu anochinjika ane mitemo yawo. Mushandi ari pabasa anofanira kufonerwa mazuva mana zvisati zvaitika, nekunyora kana nemagetsi, uye kana mushandirwi akadzima kana kuchinja nguva mukati memazuva iwayo mana mushandi anoramba aine kodzero yekubhadharwa maawa aakambofonerwa pakutanga. Mushure memwedzi gumi nemiviri mushandirwi anofanira kupa mushandi maawa akatarwa zvichienderana neavhareji yaakashanda munguva yapfuura. Izvi zvinoshanda kungave kuri kunzi chibvumirano chemaawa asina zero, chibvumirano chepabasa kana chibvumirano chidiki, uye zvinowanzo furatirwa, izvo zvinosiya vashandirwi vachibhadhara mihoro yemaawa asina kumboshanda. Basa remumiririri rine hurongwa hwaro, uye riri kuchinja. Mutemo wekugamuchirwa kwemasangano kumusika wevashandi unoda kuti masangano ebasa echinguvana abvumidzwe asati akwanisa kupa vashandi. Kunyoresa nemvumo yekubvumidzwa kunotanga kubva musi wa1 Mbudzi kusvika 31 Zvita 2026, mutemo uyu unotanga kushanda musi wa1 Ndira 2027 uye kusimbiswa kunotevera kubva musi wa1 Ndira 2028. Mabhizinesi anohaya vashandi vemasangano anofanira kunge achitarisa ikozvino kuti vatengesi vavo vachabvumidzwa nenguva, nekuti kuhaya kubva kusangano risingabvumidzwe kuchatongwawo. Kune makontrakita anozvishandira ega mubvunzo hausi wekuti chibvumirano chinochinjika chinoshanda here asi kuti hukama hwacho chibvumirano chebasa here. Kumiswa kwekumanikidzwa kwevamiriri vemitero kwakaguma musi wa1 Ndira 2025 uye kusimbiswa kwekumanikidzwa kwekuzvishandira kwenhema kwatangazve. Pamwe chete, fungidziro yepamutemo yebasa yakavakirwa pamutero weawa iri pasi pedanho rakatarwa yakagamuchirwa uye yakabudiswa muStaatsblad, asi inotanga kushanda nemutemo wehumambo uye haisati yatanga kushanda; chikamu chechirongwa chekutanga chaizodai chakanyora bvunzo yekufanirwa hachina kurarama. Kufungidzira kwerudzi irworwo, kana kuchishanda, hakuisi munhu muzvikamu otomatiki: kunochinja mutoro weuchapupu kana mushandi azvidana, uye mutengi anogona kuzviramba. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, uye mushure maizvozvo, bvunzo iyi inoramba iri ongororo yemamiriro ese ehukama hwekushanda, umo zita rakasarudzwa nemapoka harina basa.

Kubatwa kwakaenzana pakati pemafomu echibvumirano

Mushandirwi haafanire kusiyanisa vashandi nekuda kwenguva yavo yebasa kana nekuda kwekuti chibvumirano chavo ndechenguva yakatarwa kwete isingaperi, kunze kwekunge musiyano wacho wakarurama. Zvinyorwa 7:648 na7:649 zveCivil Code zvinotaura mutemo uyu zvakajeka, uye une mhedzisiro inoshanda isingakosheswi zvakanyanya. Zvinoreva kuti mushandi wenguva pfupi ane kodzero yekushanda nguva imwe chete nemushandi wenguva yakazara ari pachinzvimbo chimwe chete, zvichienderana nemaawa aakashanda: mubhadharo weawa imwe chete, mari imwe chete, mukana wekuwana mabhonasi akafanana, kodzero yezororo imwe chete paawa. Zvinoreva kuti mushandi ari pachibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa anofanira kugamuchira mamiriro akafanana nemushandi wenguva dzose ari kuita basa rimwe chete, kunze kwekunge paine chikonzero chaicho chemusiyano. Mutemo unochengetedza bhenefiti yevashandi venguva dzose hausi wakarurama nekuti unongobatsira mukutonga. Mutemo wekubata zvakaenzana unoshanda pamwe chete nezvisungo izvi, uchirambidza misiyano pazvikonzero zvinosanganisira bonde, rudzi, nyika, chitendero, mafungiro epabonde, zera nekuremara, mukutsvaga vashandi pamwe chete nenguva yebasa. Kushambadza mabasa, zvinodiwa pakusarudzwa uye mamiriro ekubhadhara zvese zvinowira pasi pesimba rayo, uye mutoro wekupa humbowo unotamira kune mushandirwi kana mushandi awana chokwadi chinogona kufungidzirwa kuti ndicho chinokonzera rusarura.

Mutemo upi unoshanda pachibvumirano chebasa chepasi rose

Kune mushandirwi ari muNetherlands ari kuhaya vanhu kunze kwemiganhu yenyika, kana kuti kune mushandi ari kuuya kuzoshanda pano, mutemo unoshanda hausi chero zvataurwa nekondirakiti. MuEuropean Union, nyaya iyi inotongwa neRome I Regulation. Chinyorwa 8 chinobvumira mapato kusarudza mutemo unoshanda kune kondirakiti yebasa remunhu mumwe nemumwe, asi sarudzo iyoyo haingadzivisi mushandi kuchengetedzwa kwezvisungo zvemutemo zvaizoshanda pasina sarudzo. Izvi zvinowanzova mutemo wenyika iyo mushandi anogara achiita basa, kana kubva mairi, uye hazvichinji nekuti mushandi anenge atumirwa kune imwe nzvimbo kwenguva pfupi. Kana pasina nyika yakadaro inogona kuzivikanwa, mutemo wenzvimbo yebhizinesi iyo mushandi akashanda nayo unoshanda, kunze kwekunge kondirakiti yakabatana zvakanyanya nenyika imwe. Mukuita izvi zvinoreva kuti mushandi anogara achishanda muNetherlands anodzivirirwa nemutemo weDutch, kusanganisira dziviriro yekudzingwa, chero mutemo unosarudzwa nekondirakiti. Kusarudza mutemo wekunze hakuna basa, sezvo uchitonga zvese zvisiri zvemutemo, asi hazvibvumiri mushandirwi kuhaya vashandi vanoshanda pano kubva muhurongwa hwekudzingwa hweDutch. Hutongi inyaya yakasiyana zvakare, inosarudzwa nemitemo yayo yeEurope, uye mushandi anogona kumhan'arira munyika inoitirwa basa racho. Vashandirwi vanotumira vashandi kuNetherlands kubva kune imwe nyika iri nhengo vane zvimwe zvavanosungirwa kuita, zvinosanganisira kuzivisa basa risati ratanga uye kushandiswa kwemamiriro ebasa ekuNetherlands akadai semuhoro wepasi, nguva yekushanda uye kodzero yezororo. Mabasa aya anowira pamushandirwi wekune imwe nyika, asi mutengi wekuDutch anoshandisa basa iri ane mabasa ekusimbisa, uye ese anogona kurangwa.

Magumo echibvumirano

Chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chinopera kana chapera. Zvimwe zvese zvinoda imwe yenzira shoma, uye nzira yacho inoenderana nechikonzero. Kana chikonzero chacho chiri chehupfumi, senge kurongwa patsva kana kunyangarika kwechinzvimbo, kana kuti mushandi anga asina kukodzera kushanda kwemakore anopfuura maviri, mushandirwi anofanira kuwana mvumo kubva kuUWV asati azivisa. Kana chikonzero chiri mumunhu, senge kusashanda zvakanaka, mufambiro usina mhosva kana hukama hwakakanganisika zvakanyanya hwekushanda, mushandirwi anofanira kukumbira dare redunhu kuti riparadze chibvumirano. Nzira yechitatu chibvumirano: chibvumirano chekugadzirisa (chibvumirano chekugadzirisa) umo mapato anonyora zuva rekupedzisira uye mitemo. Mushandi anosaina chimwe chinhu ane nguva yekufungisisa yepamutemo umo chibvumirano chinogona kubviswa, uye mushandirwi anofanira kuratidza nguva iyoyo muchibvumirano pachacho. Zvinhu zviviri zvehurongwa zvinogara zvichishamisa vashandirwi vanoshandiswa kune dzimwe nzvimbo. Dare rinoongorora kana chikonzero chakavakirwa pachiri chakakwana pachacho: nyaya isina kukwana uye hafu yekusawirirana inogona kukundikana pazvose zviri zviviri, kunyange zvazvo mutemo uchibvumira musanganiswa wezvikonzero kuti zviendeswe mberi, umo dare rinogona kupa muripo wekuwedzera pamusoro pemubhadharo wekuchinja. Uye faira rekudzingwa basa rinofanira kugadzirwa chikumbiro chisati chaitwa, kwete mushure mezvo; kunyanya kana mushandirwi asina kukwana, anofanira kuratidza kuti mushandi akaudzwa nenguva, akapihwa mukana wekuvandudza, uye akatsigirwa mukuita izvozvo. Muripo wekuchinja unofanirwa kubhadharwa chero nguva basa rinopera pakatanga mushandirwi, kusanganisira kana chibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chisina kuvandudzwa. Chinowanikwa kubva pazuva rekutanga rebasa uye chinosvika chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemuhoro wepamwedzi wegore rega rega rebasa, chakaverengerwa pro rata yezvasara. Pane denga repamutemo rinogadziriswa gore rega rega, saka huwandu hwepamusoro hunofanirwa kutorwa kubva panhamba iripo. Mukusakwanisa kubhadhara mari, kodzero inodzikira, uye chirongwa chevimbiso yeUWV hachifukidze. Ruzivo rwenzira yega yega rwunotsanangurwa munyaya yedu pamusoro pe nzira yekumisa basa muNetherlandsKurwara kunochinja mamiriro acho ezvinhu zvachose. Mumakore maviri ekutanga ekusakwanisa kushanda, mushandirwi anofanira kuramba achibhadhara mari inosvika makumi manomwe muzana yemuhoro, mugore rekutanga kwete pasi pemuhoro wepasi wepamutemo, uye kurambidzwa kwekubviswa pabasa kunoshanda munguva iyoyo, zvichienderana nezvisizvo. Mushandirwi nemushandi vanofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete pakudzorerwa kusangano, uye mushandirwi anokundikana kuita zvakakwana anogona kudiwa neUWV kuti arambe achibhadhara mihoro kwenguva yakati rebei. Nyaya yedu pamusoro pe kodzero dzekurwara kwevashandi inotsanangura zvinofanira kuitwa nemativi ese ari maviri.

Kuchinja chibvumirano chiri kutotanga kushanda

Mitemo haingochinjiki kana chibvumirano chatanga kushanda. Kana chibvumirano chiine chikamu chekuchinja chimwe chete, mushandirwi anofanira kuratidza kufarira kwakakura zvekuti kufarira kwemushandi kunofanira kuenderana nacho. Pasina chikamu chakadaro, mushandirwi anogona kupa shanduko, uye mushandi anofanira kupindura zvine musoro: apo mushandirwi ane chikonzero chakanaka chakabatana nemamiriro ezvinhu akachinja, uye chikumbiro chacho pachacho chine musoro, mushandi anoramba anogona kunge ari mukutadza. Matare anoongorora izvozvo muzvikamu, achitarisa kutanga kana mamiriro acho akachinja zvechokwadi, uye pakupedzisira kana chikumbiro chacho chaive chine musoro zvichienderana nezvido zvese, uye pakupedzisira kana kugamuchirwa kwaigona kudiwa nemushandi uyu. Chidzidzo chinoshanda chakafanana kune mativi ese. Mushandirwi anoda kuronga patsva mitemo anofanira kunyora chikonzero, kubvunzana nemazvo, kupa gadziriro yekuchinja uye kunyora chikumbiro. Mushandi asingabvumirani anofanira kutaura izvozvo nekunyora uye kuramba achishanda achinyunyuta pane kungoramba, nekuti kubva ipapo kunogona kutorwa semushandi ari kugumisa chibvumirano.

Zvikanganiso zvinodhura zvakanyanya

Zvimwe zvikanganiso zvinodzoka, uye zvese zvinogona kudzivirirwa padanho rekunyora. Chinonyanya kudhura kurasikirwa nekuverenga kwecheni. Zvibvumirano zvinowedzerwa zvisina kurongeka, nguva inoverengerwa zvisizvo, nguva yesangano inokanganikwa, uye mushandirwi anoona kuti mushandi waaifunga kuti ari kusiya muna Chikumi ane chibvumirano chenguva dzose. Chengeta rejista uye tarisa usati wawedzera nguva imwe neimwe. Chechipiri inguva yekuyedzwa isina basa, kazhinji chikamu chemwedzi miviri muchibvumirano chegore rimwe. Chechitatu chiziviso chekupera kwechibvumirano chisina kukanganiswa, icho chiri mari isingadzivisike. Chechina ichikamu chisina makwikwi muchibvumirano chenguva yakatarwa chisina chirevo chakanyorwa chezvido zvebhizinesi zvinomanikidza, izvo zvinosiya mushandirwi asina dziviriro panguva chaiyo yaanodiwa. Cheshanu chiri kubata CAO sesarudzo, uye kuwana panguva yekuongorora mihoro kuti chiyero chinoshanda, mari yekubhadhara uye mipiro yepensheni hazvina kubhadharwa zvakakwana kwemakore. Kune vashandi mufananidzo wechionioni unoshanda. Kusaina chibvumirano chekugadzirisa pasina zano, kurega nguva yekufungisisa ichipfuura, kugamuchira kuti hapana muripo wekuchinja unofanirwa kubhadharwa, kana kufunga kuti kudzingwa kwemushandi hakugone kupikiswa: chimwe nechimwe cheizvi chinopa kodzero inopihwa nemutemo.

Kubatsira kwatingaita

Law & More Anonyora uye anoongorora zvibvumirano zvebasa, anoongorora macheni ezvibvumirano zvenguva yakatarwa uye zvikamu zvinoenderana nazvo, anopa mazano pamusoro pechibvumirano chevashandi pamwe chete, uye anomirira vashandirwi nevashandi kana chibvumirano chichifanira kuchinjwa kana kupedzwa. Kana wava kuda kupa, kusaina kana kuwedzera chibvumirano, ongororo isati yatanga yakachipa zvikuru pane gakava rinotevera chikamu chinozoonekwa sechisina basa.

Mibvunzo inowanzobvunzwa

Mibvunzo mishoma inomuka kakawanda kune vese vashandirwi nevashandi. Mhinduro dziri pazasi dzinobata mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa.

Chii chinonzi chibvumirano chevashandi pamwe chete (CAO) uye chinoshanda kwandiri here?

Chibvumirano cheVashandi cheCollective Labour, chinozivikanwa seCAO ( Collective Arbeidsvereenkomst ), ibhuku remitemo riri muindasitiri yese. Chibvumirano chinofukidza mihoro nemamiriro ekushanda, chinoitwa pakati pemasangano evashandirwi nemasangano evashandi. CAO inowanzopa nguva dziri nani pane zvisungo zvepamutemo.

Saka, zvinoshanda kwauri here? Kana iyo CAO yakaziviswa pasi rose inoshanda kune bhizinesi rako chikamu, saka hongu-mitemo yayo inoshanda kwauri nevashandi vako. Izvi ndizvo zvazviri kunyange iwe usiri nhengo yakananga yesangano revashandi rakasaina chibvumirano. Zvibvumirano zvako zvebasa zvinofanirwa kugara zvichijekesa kana CAO iripo.

Kodzero dzangu dzeLeave yevabereki muNetherlands ndedzipi?

Netherlands ine hurongwa hwakasimba hwekutsigira vabereki vatsva. Pamwana wega wega ari pasi pemakore masere, mushandi ane kodzero yekuzorora kwemavhiki makumi maviri nematanhatu semubereki . Izvi zvinopa mhuri mukana wekugadzirisa basa nehupenyu hwepamba pavanenge vachiri vadiki.

Dzimwe shanduko dzakakosha dzichangobva kuita chikamu chezororo iri rakabhadharwa.

Kubhadharwa Kwezororo: wokutanga mavhiki mapfumbamwe vanobhadharwa zvishoma neUWV (iyo Employee Insurance Agency) pa 70% yemuhoro wako wezuva nezuva.
Condition: Chinokosha ndechekuti unofanira kutora zororo iri rinobhadharwa mukati megore rekutanga remwana.
Kusiya Kusina Kubhadharwa: Chimwe chacho 17 mavhiki kazhinji haabhadharwe, kunyangwe mamwe maCAO kana vashandirwi vangapa hurongwa hwerupo.

Zvakakosha kuti unzwisise mutsauko pakati pezvikamu zvakabhadharwa uye zvisina kubhadharwa pakuronga kwako kwemari. Gara uchitarisa CAO yako kana bhuku rekushandisa rekambani, sezvo richigona kupa mabhenefiti ari nani pane hushoma hwemutemo, sekuramba uchibhadhara muhoro wako mukati memavhiki "asina kubhadharwa".

Mushandirwi wangu anogona kuchinja Kondirakiti yangu pasina mvumo yangu here?

Pasi pemutemo weDutch, kuchinja kondirakiti yebasa pasina chibvumirano chemushandi kwakaoma zvakanyanya. Mushandirwi haagone kungosarudza kuisa mazwi matsva pese pavanonzwa vachida. Kondirakiti yamakasainira mese igwaro rinosungirwa zviri pamutemo rakagadzirirwa kukudzivirirai kubva kukuchinja zvisina tsarukano.

Mushandirwi anogona kungoita shanduko yedivi rimwe chete kana mamiriro maviri akaomarara asangana:

Chibvumirano chinofanira kusanganisira chaiyo 'unilateral shanduko clause' (eenzijdig wijzigingsbeding).
Mushandirwi anofanira kuratidza a yakakura kufarira bhizinesi saka kudzvanya zvekuti kunodarika kufarira kwemushandi mukuchengeta mazwi ekutanga.

Iri idanho repamusoro rekujekesa mudare, izvo zvinobatsira kuve nechokwadi chekuti mamiriro ako epakati ebasa anoramba akagadzikana uye achifanofungidzira.

Chibvumirano chebasa cheDutch: mhando, zvikamu, uye mutemo wecheni

Nguva yakatarwa kana kuti isingaperi: sarudzo inoumba hukama

Mutemo wecheni: kana chibvumirano chechinguvana chikava chechigarire