Wasaina chibvumirano chebasa, asi basa rako idzva harisati ratanga. Wobva wafonera mushandirwi wako: chibvumirano chiri kugumiswa, zvichireva nguva yekuedzwa. Izvi zvinoshanda here pamutemo? Musi wa12 Kukadzi 2026, Dare reDunhu reLimburg rakapindura mubvunzo iwoyo nehongu yakajeka - uye mutongo wacho une zvazvinoreva kune vese vashandirwi nevashandirwi.
ECLI:NL:RBLIM:2026:1410 — Limburg District Court (Cantonal Court Maastricht), 12 Kukadzi 2026
Chii chakaitika?
Musi wa21 Gumiguru 2025, mushandirwi nemushandi vakasaina chibvumirano chebasa chenguva yakatarwa kwemwedzi minomwe. Zuva rekutanga raive 1 Mbudzi 2025, uye nguva yekuedza yemwedzi mumwe chete yakashanda. Pasina zuva rimwe chete mushure mekusaina, mushandi akakumbira mushandirwi wake kuti amupe mari ye €1,000, yaaizobhadhara musi wa14 Mbudzi 2025 - yekubhadhara rendi yake.
Mushandirwi — kasino — akaramba mari yacho uye musi wa22 Gumiguru 2025 akagumisa chibvumirano nemuromo. Izvi zvakasimbiswa nekunyora musi wa27 Gumiguru 2025. Panguva iyoyo, mushandi wacho akanga asina kushanda kana zuva rimwe chete: zuva raaida kutanga basa rakanga richiripo kupfuura vhiki.
Kudzingwa basa kunogona kuitika here basa risati ratanga?
Mushandi akaendesa nyaya iyi kudare reCantonal, achiti kudzingwa kwebasa kwaisashanda: sezvo chibvumirano chebasa chakanga chisati chatanga, mushandirwi aisagona kushandisa nguva yekuedzwa. Pane kudaro, akati aifanira kubhadharwa mari inokwana mihoro minomwe pamwedzi.
Dare rakaramba nharo iyi. Pasi peChikamu 7:652 cheDutch Civil Code (BW) neChikamu 7:676 BW, mapato ese ari maviri anogona kugumisa chibvumirano chebasa nekukasika panguva yekuedzwa, 'chero bedzi nguva iyoyo isati yapera.' Dare reparamende rakasarudza nemaune mashoko aya kuti ribvumire kugumisa chibvumirano chebasa kunyangwe chibvumirano chebasa chisati chatanga. Sezvo nguva yekuedzwa yakanga isati yapera, kudzingwa basa kwacho kwaive kwakakodzera pamutemo.
Kushanda zvakanaka semuganho
Kudzingwa basa mushure mekuongororwa kwemutemo hakusi kwepamutemo. Pasi peChinyorwa 7:611 BW, mushandirwi anosungirwa nepfungwa dzekuva mushandi akanaka. Mushandi akataura kuti mushandirwi pachake akataura panguva yekusaina chibvumirano kuti vashandi vanogona kukumbira nguva dzose mari yemuhoro. Nekumudzinga basa panguva chaiyo yaakatora chikumbiro ichocho, mushandirwi anonzi akashandisa zvisirizvo chikamu chemuongorori wekuedzwa kune chimwe chinangwa chisiri chaaida: kuongorora kukodzera kwemushandi pabasa racho.
Zviri pamushandi kuti atore mutoro wekupomera - uye, kana paine makwikwi akazara, mutoro wehumbowo - kuti kudzingwa basa kwacho kwaipesana nekuva nevashandi vakanaka. Mushandi anofanira kupa chokwadi chakazara chinoratidza kuti kudzingwa basa kwakakonzerwa nekushungurudzwa kwekodzero, rusarura, kana mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu asina kujairika. Kungoona kudzingwa basa sekusanzwisisika hakuna kukwana.
Dare harina kugamuchira chikonzero chemushandi. Mushandirwi akaramba zvakasimba kuti akapa chero chikumbiro chakadaro. Zvarakataura ndezvekuti raitarisira vashandi kuti vataure nezvematambudziko emari - kunyanya kudzivirira kuba kubva mubhokisi remari. Saka mari yefandesheni yakanga isiri sarudzo yakajairika; mari yezororo inogona kuburitswa nekukurumidza mumamiriro ezvinhu asina kujairika.
Kasino iyi yakataurawo kuti nyaya dzekubiwa kwemari dzaive dambudziko rinogara richiitika panzvimbo payo. Chokwadi chekuti mushandi mutsva aitosangana nematambudziko emari akakomba zvekuti aida mari yekuwedzera kubva pamuhoro wake weramangwana zuva rake rekutanga rekushanda chairatidza, mukuona kwemushandirwi, njodzi isingagamuchirwi yebhizinesi. Dare rakabvumirana: tichifunga nezvehuwandu hwezvido uye kusavapo kweuchapupu hwakakwana kubva kumushandi, mushandirwi haana kuita zvinopesana nemisimboti yekuva mushandi akanaka.
Muripo wakakodzera wakarambwa
Chikumbiro chemuripo wakakodzera chakakundikanawo. Muripo wakadaro unoda kuti basa ribviswe pabasa zvichipesana neChinyorwa 7:671 BW, asi hapana kutyorwa kwakadaro kwakaitika. Dare rakaenderera mberi richiti mushandi uyu akanga atotanga basa idzva musi wa3 Mbudzi 2025 - mazuva maviri chete mushure mezuva raakanga aronga kutanga basa - zvichireva kuti kurasikirwa kwake nemari kwaigona kunge kushoma.
Izvi zvinorevei kune vashandirwi?
Mutongo uyu unosimbisa kuti kudzingwa basa kwemushandi wepanguva yekutongwa kunogona kupihwa mushandi asati ashanda zuva rimwe chete. Hapana chikonzero chinonzwisisika chinodiwa - mushandirwi ane rusununguko rwakakwana munguva yekutongwa, chero bedzi asingapesani nepfungwa dzekushandiswa zvakanaka.
Kune vashandirwi vari munzvimbo dzine hunhu hwemari hwakakosha - senge kugamuchira vaenzi, zvitoro, uye mabasa emari - mutongo uyu unopa gwara rakajeka. Zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekusagadzikana mune zvemari mushandi mutsva zvinogona kururamisa kushandisa nguva yekuedzwa, kunyangwe mushandi iyeye asati adarika mwero webasa.
Asi chenjedzo: chikamu cheprobationary chinofanira kunge chiri pamutemo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zvakabvumiranwa zvakanyorwa, zvenguva yakaenzana kune vese vari vaviri, uye zvisingapfuure mwero wepamusoro wemutemo (mwedzi mumwe chete wezvibvumirano zvisingasviki makore maviri; mwedzi miviri yezvibvumirano zvemakore maviri kana kupfuura). Chikamu cheprobationary chisingazadzise zvinodiwa izvi hachina basa pasi peChinyorwa 7:652(8) BW - uye kudzingwa basa kwakavakirwa pachikamu chevoid hakuna basa zvakaenzana.
Izvi zvinorevei kune vashandi?
Vashandi vakasaina chibvumirano asi vasati vatanga basa vanenge vatova muukama hwebasa - asi vasina dziviriro inowanzopihwa nemutemo wekudzingwa basa . Kudzingwa basa mushure mekutongwa kwakaoma chose kunze kwekunge paine chikonzero chekusarura (senge pamuviri kana kuva nhengo yesangano revashandi) kana paine humbowo hwakajeka hwekushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwechikamu chekutongwa. Mutoro wehumbowo hwezvisizvo izvi uri pamushandi.
Gara uchitarisa kana chikamu chekuedza chakagadzirwa nemazvo. Kana chisina kubvumirana mukunyora, chichishanda pachibvumirano chipfupi zvakanyanya, kana kupfuura nguva inobvumirwa, chikamu chacho hachina basa. Kana zvakadaro, unogona kupikisa kudzingwa basa wokumbira muripo wemuhoro unoramba uchibhadharwa pamwe nemari yakakodzera.
Chekupedzisira, ziva kuti maitiro ako usati watanga kushanda - akadai sekukumbira mari yemuhoro - anogona kupa mushandirwi chikonzero chekuita chimwe chinhu. Kana paine gadziriro dzakatarwa, iva nechokwadi chekuti dzakanyorwa muchibvumirano chebasa kana kuti pane chimwe chinhu chakawedzerwa pairi.
Nguva yekuedzwa inotanga riini?
Dare reDistrict reLimburg rinojekesa kuti: nguva yekuedzwa inotanga kana chibvumirano chebasa chasainwa, kwete pazuva rekutanga rebasa. Mushandirwi anokumbira nguva yekuedzwa basa risati ratanga anoita zviri pamutemo - chero bedzi izvi zvikaitwa nenguva, chikamu chekuedzwa chakagadzirwa nemazvo, uye mushandirwi asingaite zvinopesana nemisimboti yekuva mushandi akanaka (Chinyorwa 7:611 BW). Mutongo uyu unoratidza kukosha kwechibvumirano chebasa chakanyorwa nokungwarira uye chikamu chekuedzwa chakanyatsofungwa.
Une mibvunzo here nezvekudzingwa basa panguva yekutongwa, kunyora zvibvumirano zvebasa, kana basa mutemo Nyanzvi dzezvemitemo yezvemabasa ku Law & More vari pano kuti vabatsire.
Mibvunzo inowanzobvunzwa
Mushandirwi anogona here kudzinga mushandi panguva yekuedzwa asati atombotanga basa?
Ehe. Mitemo yedare reDutch (kusanganisira mutongo weLimburg District Court wemusi wa12 Kukadzi 2026) inosimbisa kuti kudzingwa basa kwemushandi wepanguva yekutongwa kunogona kupihwa mushandi asati ashanda zuva rimwe chete, chero bedzi paine chibvumirano chepamutemo chekutongwa chakabvumiranwa. Hapana chikonzero chine musoro chekudzingwa basa chinodiwa munguva yekutongwa.
Mushandirwi anoda chikonzero chekudzinga mumwe munhu panguva yekutongwa here?
Hapana chikonzero chaicho chinodiwa. Mushandirwi ane rusununguko rwakakwana rwekugumisa basa panguva yekuedzwa, chero bedzi asingapesani nepfungwa dzekuva mushandi akanaka pasi peChikamu 7:611 cheDutch Civil Code.
Kudzingwa basa mushure mekutongwa kunogona kupikiswa sekusaruramisira here?
Zvakaoma zvikuru kupikisa. Mushandi anofanira kutaura chokwadi chinoratidza kuti kudzingwa kwacho kwakakonzerwa nekutyorwa kwekodzero, rusarura (sekuita pamuviri kana kuva nhengo yesangano revashandi), kana kushandiswa zvisina kunaka kwechikamu cheprobation kune chimwe chinangwa chisiri chekuongorora kukodzera kwebasa racho. Kungoona kudzingwa kwacho sekusina musoro hakuna kukwana, uye mutoro wehumbowo uri pamushandi.
Muripo wakakodzera unowanikwa here kana kudzingwa basa kwemudzidzi wepanguva yekutongwa kukazokakavadzana?
Muripo wakarurama unoda kuti kudzingwa basa kutyore Chinyorwa 7:671 cheDutch Civil Code. Kana chikamu cheprobationary chakabvumiranwa uye chakashandiswa, uye pasina kutyorwa kwakadaro kwakaitika, chikumbiro chemuripo wakarurama chinowanzo kundikana, kunyanya kana kurasikirwa kwemari kwemushandi kuchizove kwakaganhurirwa.
Chikamu chekuedza chinoshanda rini?
Chitsauko chemuyedzo chinofanira kubvumirana chakanyorwa, chive chenguva yakaenzana kune vese vari vaviri, uye chisingapfuure mwero wepamutemo: mwedzi mumwe chete wezvibvumirano zvisingasviki makore maviri, uye mwedzi miviri wezvibvumirano zvemakore maviri kana kupfuura. Chitsauko chisingazadzise zvinodiwa izvi hachishande pasi peChikamu 7:652(8) cheDutch Civil Code, icho chinoitawo kuti kudzingwa basa kwakavakirwa pachiri kusashande.
Vashandi vanofanira kuitei kuti vazvidzivirire panyaya yechikamu cheprobationary?
Gara uchitarisa kana chikamu chemuyedzo chakagadzirwa nemazvo: chakabvumiranwa mukunyora, chakaenzana nenguva yechibvumirano, uye mukati menguva yepamusoro yemutemo. Kana chikamu chacho chisiri kushanda, semuenzaniso nekuti hachina kubvumirana mukunyora kana kuti chinoshanda kuchibvumirano chipfupi, kudzingwa kwacho kunogonawo kupikiswa sekusashanda.
