Kuunganidzwa kwechikwereti muNetherlands kunoitika muzvikamu zviviri. Danho rerugare ndiro zvese zvinoitwa nemukweretesi kunze kwedare: zviyeuchidzo, chiziviso chepamutemo chekusabhadhara chikwereti, mubereko wepamutemo uye, kune vatengi, tsamba inosungirwa yemazuva gumi nemana usati wabhadhariswa mari yekutora chikwereti. Danho rekutonga rinotanga netsamba yekudaidza inopihwa nemuchengeti wechikwereti uye rinopera, kana chikumbiro chikabudirira, mumutongo uyo muchengeti wechikwereti anogona kumanikidza kubhadhara mihoro, maakaundi ebhangi nezvinhu. Hapana danho rekusarudza mukuita: kusvetuka matanho muchikamu chekutanga kuchakutorera mari muchikamu chechipiri.
Kana invoice isina kubhadharwa ikava chikumbiro chaunogona kusimbisa
Mari inobhadharwa kare haisiriyo inongoerekana yashandiswa. Mutemo weDutch unoda kuti munhu ane chikwereti abhadhare mari yechikwereti (verzuim) mubereko usati watanga kubhadhara. Kubhadhare mari yechikwereti kunowanzoitika mushure mekunyora chiziviso chekusabhadhara chikwereti (ingebrekestelling) pasi pechinyorwa 6:82 cheDutch Civil Code, chinopa munhu ane chikwereti nguva yekupedzisira yekuita. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akati wandei, akanyorwa muchinyorwa 6:83 cheCivil Code, kusabhadhara chikwereti kunoitika pasina chiziviso zvachose: apo mapato akabvumirana zuva rekubhadhara rakatarwa rapfuura, apo chisungo chinobva pakuita zvisina kururama, kana apo munhu ane chikwereti anotaura pachena kuti haazobhadhare.
Kana munhu ane chikwereti atadza kubhadhara chikwereti, mubereko wepamutemo unoitwa nemutemo. Pakutengeserana kwevatengi, mubereko wepamutemo ndiwo mubereko wepamutemo wechikamu 6:119 cheCivil Code. Pakutengeserana kwekutengeserana pakati pemabhizinesi, kana pakati pebhizinesi nehurumende, mubereko wepamusoro wekutengeserana wechikamu 6:119a unoshanda. Mitero yese iri miviri yakatarwa nehurongwa hwekanzuru uye inochinja nguva nenguva, saka chikamu chinoshanda chinofanira kutorwa kubva panhamba dzakaburitswa nehurumende dzenguva yega yega pane kukopwa kubva muinvoice yekare.
Mitemo yekubhadhara inokoshawo pano. Kana mapato asina kubvumirana, muripo unofanirwa kubhadharwa mukati memazuva makumi matatu mushure mekugamuchira invoice. Pakati pemabhizinesi nguva yakareba inogona kubvumidzwa, asi kwete isina muganho, uye kambani hombe haifanirwe kuisa nguva yekubhadhara pamutengesi mudiki kana wepakati inodarika mazuva makumi matatu. Chitsauko chinopfuura zvinobvumirwa nemutemo hachishandi, uye nguva yepamutemo inoshanda panzvimbo payo, nechikwereti chekutengeserana chichishanda kubva pazuva chainopera.
Tsamba yemazuva gumi nemana, uye kuti sei kazhinji isiriyo
Kumutengi, mari yekutora zvinhu kunze kwemutemo inogona kubhadhariswa chete mushure mekunge mukweretesi atumira chiziviso chakanyorwa pasi pechikamu 6:96 cheMutemo weVanhu. Tsamba iyoyo inofanira kupa mutengi mazuva gumi nemana ekubhadhara mari yekutanga pasina mari yekutora zvinhu, uye inofanira kutaura kuti mari yacho ichave yakaita sei kana pasina muripo. Dare Repamusorosoro rakatonga kuti nguva yacho inotangira pazuva rakatevera tsamba kusvika kumutengi, saka tsamba inopa mutengi mazuva gumi nemana kubva pazuva rakanyoreswa tsamba pachayo haina kunaka.
Mhedzisiro yetsamba isina kunaka haisi yambiro: chikumbiro chemari yekutora chikwereti chinongokundikana, uye dare rinochibvisa kunyangwe kana mukwereti akasataura pfungwa yacho. Huwandu hwemari yacho pachayo hunogadzwa nemutemo pachikero chinotsveyama chezvikamu zvechikwereti chikuru, zvichiderera sezvo chikumbiro chichikura, nechikamu chidiki chepamutemo uye chikamu chikuru chepamutemo. Kune vane chikwereti chebhizinesi, mapato anogona kubvumirana mazwi akasiyana mumamiriro avo ezvinhu, inova imwe yezvikamu zvishoma zvinobatsira zvechokwadi mune seti yemashoko akajairwa.
Danho rerugare nemitemo iyo sangano rekuunganidza mari rinofanira kutevedzera
Zvikumbiro zvakawanda zvinogadziriswa munhu asati aenda kudare, uye chikamu cherunyararo ndipo panosarudzwa mhedzisiro yekutengeserana. Zvinotanga nekuyeuchidza, zvinoenda kune chikumbiro chepamutemo (aanmaning) uye, apo mukwereti anopindura, kazhinji zvinopera nehurongwa hwekubhadhara kana kugadzirisa chikamu chechikumbiro. Mukweretesi anoda kugamuchira zvikamu anodzoserwa zvakawanda, paavhareji, kupfuura mukweretesi anosimbirira pamari yese asingagamuchire chinhu.
Chachinja ndechekuti chikamu ichi chave kutongwa. Pasi peMutemo weKuunganidza Zvikwereti (Wet kwaliteit incassodienstverlening) vanopa masevhisi ekuunganidza vanofanirwa kunyorwa murejista yemasevhisi ekuunganidza zvikwereti anochengetwa naJustis, uye kunyoresa kwave kuri kwekumanikidzwa kubvira 1 Kubvumbi 2025. Vanopa masevhisi akanyoreswa vanofanirwa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa pahunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi, kururama kweruzivo rwuri mutsamba dzavo, kubata zvichemo uye nzira yavanotaurirana nayo nevanokwereta. Kushanda vasina kunyoresa kunorambidzwa, uye kutarisirwa kunoitwa neJustice and Security Inspectorate, iyo inogona kubhadharisa faindi uye kubvisa mupi wezvikwereti kubva murejista.
Migumisiro miviri inoshanda inotevera. Kana uri mukweretesi, kushandisa kambani isina kunyoreswa kunoisa chikumbiro chako panjodzi yekutaura uye bhizinesi rako panjodzi yemukurumbira, saka rejista yakakodzera kuongororwa usati waraira chero ani zvake. Kana uri mukweretesi, tsamba inoda mari isingatsigirwi nemutemo, kana kuti inotyisidzira matanho asina simba rekutumira, haisi kungofadza chete; kutyora mitemo uye chikonzero chekunyunyuta.
Zvakakoshawo kujekeswa kuti ndiani ane masimba api. Kambani yekuunganidza mari (incassobureau) haina simba rinopfuura remumwe munhu anokweretesa: inogona kunyora, kufonera uye kutaurirana, uye haigone kutora chero chinhu. Muchengeti wemari (gerechtsdeurwaarder) igurukota rehurumende rinogadzwa nemutemo wehumambo, uye muchengeti wemari chete ndiye anogona kupa gwaro rekushevedza uye kubhadhara mari. Muchengeti wemari anoshanda murunyararo, asati atonga, anenge achishanda semumiriri wenguva dzose uye haana simba rekumanikidza kupfuura rekambani. Tsamba yemusoro wetsamba haichinje izvozvo.
Miganhu yenguva: kana chikumbiro chikapera uye maitiro ekumisa wachi
Chikumbiro chisina kuteverwa chinozopedzisira chave chisingachashandiswi, uye vanokweretesa vanorasikirwa nemari yakawanda kusvika panguva dzakatarwa kupfuura kune vane zvikwereti zvisina kubhadharwa. Nguva yakajairika yekukumbira muripo wechibvumirano ndeyemakore mashanu pasi pechinyorwa 3:307 cheCivil Code, inotangira pazuva rakatevera chikumbiro chaifanira kubhadharwa uye chaifanira kubhadharwa. Nguva pfupi dzinoshanda mune dzimwe nyaya: chikumbiro chemutengi wemutengi pasi pechibvumirano chekutengesa chinotora makore maviri, uye zvikumbiro zvinobva mukuita zvisina kururama zvinotora nguva yazvo.
Nguva yacho inogona kukanganiswa. Pasi pechikamu 3:317 cheCivil Code, chikumbiro chakanyorwa kana chiziviso chakanyorwa umo mukweretesi anochengetedza kodzero yake yekushanda zvinokanganisa muganho, uye nguva itsva inotanga zuva rinotevera. Kuburitsa matanho kunoikanganisawo. Chisingaivhiringidze itsamba yemukati, runhare rusina kusimbiswa mukunyora, kana chiyeuchidzo chisingajekese kuti mukweretesi achiri kuda kubhadhara. Kuchengeta kopi yezuva rechikumbiro chega chega ndiyo inishuwarenzi yakachipa inowanikwa mumatare edzimhosva.
Izvi zvisati zvanyanya kukosha, chikumbiro chinofanira kunge chiripo uye chakabvumidzwa. Faira rinofanira kuratidza zvakabvumiranwa, kuti zvinhu kana masevhisi zvakaunzwa, kuti invoice yakatumirwa uye yakagamuchirwa, uye kuti ndeapi mamiriro akajairika anoshanda uye kuti zvakawanikwa riini. Kana chikumbiro chikakakavadzana pamusoro pezvakakodzera pane kugona kubhadhara, kazhinji kutumirwa uye mitemo ndiyo inosarudza, uye tsananguro yedu yekuti chikumbiro chii pasi pemutemo weDutch inotsanangura zvinhu zvakadzama.
Kuchengetedza chikumbiro pamberi pekutongwa
Nyaya dzinotora nguva, uye munhu ane chikwereti anoziva kuti chikumbiro chiri kuuya anogona kutamisa midziyo panguva iyoyo. Mutemo weDutch unopa nzira isingawanzoitiki yekubvisa izvi: chibatiso chepamberi (conservatoir beslag). Pachikumbiro chakanyorwa, mutongi wedare redunhu anogona kupa mvumo yekubatanidza maakaundi ebhangi, mari inobhadharwa kune ane chikwereti nevanhu vechitatu, zvinhu zvinofambiswa, migove kana pfuma isingafambi, chikumbiro chechokwadi chisati chasarudzwa.
Chikumbiro chinowanzo gadziriswa pasina kunzwa mukwereti, kazhinji mukati memazuva, uye chibatiso chacho chinosvika sechinhu chisingatarisirwi. Mvumo inopiwa pakuongororwa kwechikumbiro, uye mutongi anogadza nguva, inowanzova mazuva gumi nemana, umo nyaya huru inofanira kutanga. Kana isina kutaurwa, chibatiso chinopera.
Mushonga uyu une mhedzisiro yakakomba. Mukweretesi anotora mari yechikwereti obva akundwa munyaya yacho ndiye ane mhosva yekukuvadzwa kwakakonzerwa, pasina anokwereta aratidza mhosva, nekuti njodzi yekutora mari isina chikonzero iri kumunhu akasarudza kuiisa. Izvi zvinoita kuti kutora mari yechikwereti isati yasvika kuve danho rakakura pane kuita hurukuro, uye zvakakosha kuverenga chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pekutora mari yechikwereti isati yasvika mumutemo weDutch usati wasarudza kuishandisa.
Matanho edare: dare ripi uye chii chinoitika
Dare ripi rinonzwa nyaya iyi zvinoenderana nekukosha kwayo uye nyaya yacho. Dare redunhu (kantonrechter) rinobata nezvemari inosvika pamuganho wepamutemo, parizvino 25,000 euros, uye zvisinei nekukosha kwayo munyaya dzebasa, rendi, chikwereti chevatengi uye kutengesa kwevatengi. Zvimwe zvese zvinoenda kudare redunhu mukamuri repamutemo.
Musiyano uyu une chekuita zvakananga nemutengo. Pamberi pedare redunhu, mapato anogona kuita nyaya yawo ega: kumiririrwa kwemutemo hakusi kwekumanikidzwa, uye kambani inogona kumirirwa nemutungamiriri wayo kana nemumiriri ane mvumo. Pamberi pedare redunhu, kumiririrwa negweta kunosungirwa. Kutaura kunowanzo taurwa kwekuti gwaro rekushevedza rinofanira kugara richinyorwa negweta hakuna kururama, uye kunodzivisa vanokweretesa vadiki kuti vasatevere zvikumbiro zvakanaka.
Nyaya yacho inotanga netsamba yekudana (dagvaarding) inotsanangura chikumbiro, zvikonzero uye humbowo, izvo muchengeti wemhosva anopa kune ane chikwereti. Kana ane chikwereti akasauya, dare rinopa mutongo usina kubvumidzwa, uye rinobvuma chikumbiro kunze kwekunge chichiita sechisiri pamutemo kana chisina hwaro, ndosaka tsamba isina kunaka yemazuva gumi nemana ichiri kubhadharisa mukweretesi mari yekuunganidza kunyangwe pasina anouya. Kana ane chikwereti akasvika ndokuzvidzivirira, kazhinji panowanzova nekutsinhana kwemashoko akanyorwa zvichiteverwa nekunzwa kwemuromo, uye dare rinozopa mutongo (vonnis).
Mapoinzi matatu pamusoro pemutengo nenjodzi. Mari dzedare dzinobhadharwa pachine nguva nemapato ese ari maviri, dzinoiswa pachikero zvichienderana nekukosha kwechikumbiro uye mamiriro ebato, uye dzinonyorwa gore rega rega, saka mari iripo inofanira kutorwa kubva patafura yedare yakaburitswa. Munhu anokundwa anowanzo kurayirwa kubhadhara mari yeanokunda, asi mari yegweta murongero iwoyo inoverengerwa pachikero chemukati chakagadzikwa uye hachiwanzo vhara zvakashandiswa chaizvo. Uye mutongo wemari diki ungasave wakavhurika kukwidzwa nyaya, nekuti Mutemo weMaitiro eVanhu unoisa kukosha kushoma pasi pekwakabviswa nyaya yekukwidzwa nyaya.
Mutongo unowanzo nzi unogona kushanda kwenguva pfupi, zvichireva kuti unogona kushanda ipapo ipapo kunyangwe nyaya yekukwidza nyaya ikakwidzwa. Kana mutongo wacho ukazodzimwa, mukweretesi anofanira kubvisa zvaakaunganidza, uye panguva ino une njodzi yekuti mukweretesi asakwanise kubhadhara mari yake.
Kusimbisa Mutemo: zvinogona kuitwa nemuchengeti wemari uye zvisingaitwe nemushandi wedare
Mutongo unotanga kushanda kana muchengeti wemari apa kopi yepamutemo kune ane chikwereti. Basa harisi mutemo; inguva iyo mukwereti anoziviswa uye nguva pfupi yemutemo inotanga kupera. Muchengeti wemari anowanzo shanda mutongo pamwe chete nechikumbiro chekubhadhara, uye kana chikumbiro ichocho chapera ndipo panogona kuteverwa chibatiso.
Kubva ipapo, muchengeti wemari ane chishandiso chakatsanangurwa. Kubatanidzwa pasi pebato rechitatu (derdenbeslag) kunobata mari iyo mumwe munhu ane chikwereti, kazhinji mihoro inobatwa nemushandirwi, muripo unobhadharwa nesangano rehurumende kana chikwereti chebhangi; bato rechitatu rinofanira kuzivisa zvarinazvo uye kuribhadhara kumuchengeti wemari. Kubatanidzwa kwezvinhu zvinofambiswa kunobvumira zvinhu zvebhizinesi, michina kana mota kuti zvitorerwe uye zvitengeswe pakutengeserana kweveruzhinji. Zvinhu zvisingafambiswi zvinogona kubatanidzwa uye kutengeswa kuburikidza negweta. Migove mukambani inogona kubatanidzwawo, izvo mubhizinesi remhuri zvinowanzo shanda kupfuura kutora chero chinhu chepanyama.
Mutemo weDutch unoisa miganhu chaiyo pamusoro pemasimba iwayo . Muganho wemari wakachengetedzwa, beslagvrije voet, unovimbisa mukwereti mari shoma isingagoni kubatanidzwa. Kubva pakurerutswa kwehurongwa ihwohwo, bailiff anoverenga muganho wacho kubva padata rakachengetwa muzvinyorwa zvemari yenyika uye mabhenefiti, pane kuvimba neruzivo rwunopihwa nemukwereti, izvo zvakabvisa dambudziko renguva refu. Zvinhu zvinodiwa muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, zvakaita semibhedha, mbatya, chikafu nezvishandiso zvinodiwa nemukwereti kuti awane raramo, hazvigone kutorwa zvachose. Hapana mutongo wekusakwanisa kubhadhara chikwereti chemari; kusungwa kwekumanikidza kuripo mumutemo weDutch chete mumamiriro ezvinhu akamanikana kwete senzira yekuunganidza mari.
Kana munhu ane chikwereti aine vanhu vakawanda vanomukweretesa, vachengeti vechikwereti vanoronga kuburikidza nerejista yekubatanidza, uye muchengeti wechikwereti anogovera zvaunganidzwa. Mukweretesi anosvika kunonoka mumutsara aine mari shoma haagoni kuwana chero chinhu kwemakore, inova chikonzero chekuongorora kuti nyaya yacho inogona kudzoserwa sei asati atanga nyaya yacho kwete mushure mekuihwina. Munhu ane chikwereti anotenda kuti kusimbiswa kwenyaya kuri kuitwa zvisiri pamutemo haasi asina mhinduro, sezvinotsanangurwa nechinyorwa chedu pamusoro pekugadzirisa nyaya dzemutemo dzinopesana nekusimbiswa kwenyaya yacho.
Kuunganidzwa kwemari inoyambuka miganhu muEU
Kune vanokweretesa vari kunze kweNetherlands, uye kune vanokweretesa vekuDutch vane zvikwereti zvekune dzimwe nyika, zvibvumirano zveEurope zvinowanzo shanda zviri nani pane nzira yenyika chete. Mutongo unopiwa mune imwe nyika iri nhengo unocherechedzwa uye unosimbiswa mune dzimwe pasi peBrussels I bis Regulation pasina chero chirevo chepakati chekusimbiswa, saka mutongo weDutch unogona kupihwa zvakananga kumumiriri wedare redzimhosva kune imwe nzvimbo muUnion, uye mutongo wekunze kune weDutch.
Pane nzira mbiri dziri nyore dzekuti chikumbiro chacho chivepo. Mutemo wekuEurope wekubhadhara inzira yakanyorwa yezvikumbiro zvemari zvisina kupikiswa, umo dare rinopa murairo zvichibva pafomu yakajairwa; kana munhu ane chikwereti akaramba, nyaya yacho inoenderera mberi senzira dzakajairika. Maitiro ezvikumbiro zvidiki zvekuEurope anobata zvikumbiro zvemitero zvine mutengo wakaderera zvakanyanya nekunyora uye pasina kumiririrwa kwemutemo. Pamwe chete neizvi, murairo wekuchengetedza maakaundi ekuEurope unobvumira mukweretesi kumisa account yebhangi yemukweretesi mune imwe nyika iri nhengo, pasi pemamiriro akafanana neDutch prejugment attachment.
Nzira yakanakisisa inoenderana nekuti mukwereti nemidziyo yake zviri kupi, kuti chibvumirano chinoti chii nezvekutonga kwenzvimbo uye mutemo unoshanda, uye kana chikumbiro chacho chisina mubvunzo zvechokwadi. Mibvunzo iyoyo inofanira kupindurwa tsamba yekutanga isati yatumirwa, nekuti chikamu chekutonga chisingaverengeki chinowanikwa panguva yakaipa zvikuru.
Kana pasina chasara chekuunganidza
Hazvisi zvese zvinokumbirwa kuti zvitevedzwe, uye kuziva kuti nekukurumidza zvinoponesa zvakawanda kupfuura chero kugadziriswa kwemitemo. Kana munhu ane chikwereti chekambani akarega kubhadhara uye paine vanopfuura mumwe chete vanomukweretesa, mukweretesi anogona kukumbira kubhuroka kwake pasi peBankruptcy Act. Dzimwe nguva chikumbiro ichi chinoshandiswa sekumanikidza, uye chinoisa pfungwa mupfungwa, asi chishandiso chisina kujeka: kana kubhuroka kwaziviswa, mutariri anotora basa, kumanikidza kwemunhu mumwe nemumwe kunomira, uye mukweretesi asina chibatiso anowanzo gamuchira zvishoma kana kusawana. Ongororo yedu yeBankruptcy Act nemaitiro ayo inoratidza kuti pfuma inotongwa sei.
Bhizinesi riri mumatambudziko rinogonawo kupa hurongwa hwekugadzirisa zvikwereti kunze kwekubhuroka, izvo dare rinogona kusimbisa kuitira kuti risunge vanokweretesa vasingabvumirani, kusanganisira avo vakavhotera vachiramba. Nzira iyoyo yakachinja maverengerwo evakweretesi vevakweretesi vakuru zvakanyanya, uye zvinotsanangurwa munyaya yedu pamusoro pechirongwa chekugadzirisa zvikwereti cheWHOA . Kune munhu ane chikwereti chega chega, chirongwa chekugadzirisa zvikwereti zvepamutemo uye nzira yekubatsira chikwereti chemuguta zvese zvinopera nekumira kwekusimbiswa kwemutemo, saka mukweretesi asingateereri chibvumirano chiri kuuya anogona kuwana chibvumirano chacho chakundwa.
Bvunzo rinoshanda risati ratanga nyaya iri nyore: pane chimwe chinhu chekuwana mari kubva kwachiri here, uye faira rinogona here kuratidza chikumbiro chacho? Kutsvaga rejista yekutengeserana, rejista yeminda, uye, pazvinenge zvakakodzera, rejista yezvibatanidzwa kunopindura mubvunzo wekutanga masikati. Kumhan'arira munhu ane chikwereti asina pfuma kunopa mutongo, bhiri uye kusava nemari.
Zvinofanira kuitwa nemunhu anokweretesa chikwereti
Kuunganidzwa kwechikwereti muNetherlands kunopa mubairo wekugadzirira kupfuura kurwisa. Bvumiranai nguva yekubhadhara uye mamiriro ezvinhu anoshanda mukunyora musati maendesa, uye iva nechokwadi chekuti mamiriro acho apihwa, nekuti mitemo isina kumbopihwa inogona kudzimwa. Isai invoice nekukasika uye chengetai humbowo hwekutumira. Tumirai chiyeuchidzo pazuva iro nguva yacho inopera pane mwedzi mumwe chete unotevera, uye pamutengi tumirai tsamba yemazuva gumi nemana inoenderana nemutemo, nekuti gwaro iroro ndiro rinosarudza kana mari yenyu yekuunganidza ichiripo.
Kana muripo uchiri kusatevera, sarudza nemaune pane kungozviita nekusaita: ongorora kuti mari yacho inogona kudzoserwa sei, tarisa nguva yakatarwa, funga kana chinhu chakabatanidzwa chakaenzana, uye sarudza pakati pedare redunhu, dare redunhu uye nzira yekuEurope. Uye chengeta faira racho. Chikumbiro chese chinokundikana mudare reDutch chinokundikana pauchapupu kana pamutemo wakarasika, kwete pahwaro hwezvakakodzera.
Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezvekuunganidza zvikwereti muNetherlands
Kutora nguva yakareba sei kuti muunganidze zvikwereti?
Iko hakuna mhinduro imwechete, yakatwasuka kune iyi, sezvo mutsara wenguva unogona kusiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu. Chikamu chekutanga, kana kuti chine hushamwari, chinogona kupera mumavhiki mashoma kana mukwereti achibatira pamwe uye achikurumidza kupindura. Asi kana kutaurirana kuchienderera mberi kana kutora zviyeuchidzo zvakawanda kuti uwane mhinduro, nhanho iyi inogona kutambanudzwa nyore kwemwedzi yakati wandei.
Kana nyaya ichifanira kuenda kudare, uri kutarisa nguva yakareba. Mhosva yedare iri nyore, isingarambiki inogona kuwedzera mimwe mwedzi yakati kuti iwachi. Nokuda kwemigariro yakaoma zvikuru—zvichida nokusabvumirana kukuru kana kuti mapoka akawanda anobatanidzwa—rwendo rwose kubva patsamba yokutanga yokurayira kusvikira kumutongo wokupedzisira wedare rungatora rinopfuura gore. Iwe unofanirwawo kuisa muhurongwa hwedare, sezvo nyaya yavo yazvino inogona kukonzera kumwe kunonoka.
Ndiani anobhadhara mari yekuunganidza zvikwereti?
MuNetherlands, mutemo wakajeka: uyo ane chikwereti anowanzoita basa rekubhadhara mari yekuwedzera inoenderana nekuunganidza. Izvi zvine chokwadi chero bedzi mukweretesi aitamba nemitemo uye akatevera matanho ese emutemo akakodzera, sekutumira zviziviso zvinodiwa.
Zvisinei, kune dziviriro dzakakosha dziripo kune vatengi. Mutemo weWet Incaskokosten (WIK), kana kuti Mutemo weKuunganidza Mari dzeChikwereti, unoisa muganho pamari inogona kubhadhariswa zvikwereti zvevatengi. Mari idzi dzinoverengerwa sechikamu chaicho chechikwereti chekutanga, izvo zvinodzivisa vanokweretesa kuti vasawedzera mari yakawandisa kana isina kururama. Izvi zvinogadzira hurongwa hunofungidzirwa uye hwakarurama kune wese munhu anobatanidzwa.
Ndingakwanisa here kupokana nechikwereti panguva yekutora mari?
Zvamazvirokwazvo. Une kodzero yepamutemo yekupokana nechikwereti chero nguva. Zvinogara zvakanaka kuti unyore kupokana kwako nekukurumidza sezvaunokwanisa, uchinyatsoratidza kuti sei usingabvumirani nezvauri kuda. Iwe unogona kunge uchipokana nemari, kana iwe ungatenda kuti chikwereti hachishande zvachose.
Kana uchinge wapikisa chikwereti nechikonzero chakasimba, sangano rekuunganidza harigoni kuramba richikutevera nechisimba kusvikira kusawirirana kwagadziriswa. Kana mukweretesi akafunga kukuendesa kudare, kupokana kwako kwakanyorwa kuchava hwaro hwekuzvidzivirira kwako zviri pamutemo.
Kugona kupokana nechikwereti ikodzero yakakosha inovimbisa kururamisira. Inomanikidza mukweretesi kuti aratidze zvavanoda uye inodzivirira chiito chekuunganidza pamainvoice angangove asiri iwo kana echitsotsi.
Musiyano uripo pakati pesangano rinounganidza zvikwereti nebazi rezvemari ndeupi?
Uyu mutsauko wakakosha muDutch system, uye ndiyo inokonzera nyonganiso yakawanda.
- A sangano rekuunganidza chikwereti (incassobureau) inoshanda chete muchikamu chinowirirana. Vanogona kutumira tsamba, kufona, uye kuedza kutaurirana chirongwa chekubhadhara. Zvisinei, vakadaro hapana akakosha emutemo masimba kukumanikidza kubhadhara.
- A bailiff (deurwaarder), kune rumwe rutivi, mushandi wehurumende akagadzwa neCrown. Ndivo chete vanobvumidzwa nemutemo kuti vatange kutongwa nekuendesa masamanisi edare. Kana dare rikapa mutongo, mubatsiri ndiye anogona kuusimbisa nekutora midziyo kana kugadzirisa mihoro. Nepo mubatsiri achigonawo kubata muunganidzwa unogarisana, masimba avo chaiwo anopinda kana zvinhu zvave pamutemo.
Kupfuura nzira yekuunganidza pachayo, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti izvi zvingakanganisa sei hupenyu hwako hwakakura hwemari. Kunonoka kubhadhara uye kukanganisa kunogona kutora mararamiro echikwereti chako, izvo zvingaita kuti zvive zvakaoma kuwana chikwereti mune ramangwana.
Law & More inobatsira vanokweretesa nevanokweretesa padanho rega rega rekuunganidza zvikwereti muNetherlands, kubva pakunyora mitemo yakajairika uye tsamba dzinoenderana nezvinodiwa kusvika pakugadziriswa kwemutemo usati watonga, nyaya dziri pamberi pematare edunhu nedunhu, kusimbiswa kwemutemo uye kudzoserwa kwemari. Kana uine chikwereti chemari, kana kuti wakagamuchira chikumbiro kana gwaro raunoda kuti riongororwe, ndapota taura nemagweta edu.
