Masangano Anozvimiririra Akazvimiririra (DAOs) anopa dambudziko guru kumutemo wekambani wechinyakare weDutch. Parizvino, anoshanda munzvimbo isina kujeka pamutemo. Pasina chinzvimbo chepamutemo chepamutemo, DAO haigone kuva nepfuma, kupinda muzvibvumirano, kana kupa nhengo dzayo dziviriro yakakosha yemhosva shoma. Gwaro iri rinotsanangura mashandisirwo emitemo yeDutch yakatangwa kuti ivhare mukaha uyu, ichiva nechokwadi chekuti DAO yako inogona kushanda zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira muNetherlands.
Dambudziko Nekuve Pamutemo kweDAO muNetherlands
Fungidzira kambani itsva ine mukana wekuti iwane kambani, chigadzirwa, uye vatengi vakamirira, asi isina kunyoreswa kwekambani zviri pamutemo. Kunyange zvazvo pfungwa yacho yakasimba, zvese zvinoitwa nebhizinesi—kubva pakurenda hofisi kusvika pakubhadhara mugadziri webhizinesi—zvinofanira kuitwa nevakatanga kambani ivo pachavo.
Iyi ndiyo mamiriro chaiwo anosangana neDAO isina kunyoreswa pasi pemutemo weDutch. Inoonekwa sesangano revanhu, kwete sesangano repamutemo rinozivikanwa.
Kushaikwa kwehunhu hwepamutemo uku kunokonzera matambudziko aripo uye anoshanda:
- Hapana Kugona Kwechibvumirano: DAO haigone kusaina zvibvumirano zvebasa, kurenda nzvimbo yehofisi, kana kuhaya vashandi muzita rayo. Nhengo dzega dzega dzinofanira kuita izvi, zvichiita kuti ivo pachavo vave nemhosva yezvese zvinodiwa nemutemo.
- Kusakwanisa Kuva Nemidziyo: DAO haigone kuva neakaundi yekubhangi, kuva nepfuma yepfungwa, kana kuva nezvivakwa. Chero midziyo inobatwa nenhengo pamwe chete kana nemunhu akasarudzwa, zvichikonzera njodzi huru uye kuomarara.
- Unlimited Personal Liability: Iyi ndiyo njodzi yakanyanya kukosha. Pasina dziviriro yekambani, nhengo dzinogona kupomerwa mhosva yezvikwereti zvese zveDAO nezvisungo zvepamutemo. Gakava rimwe chete rechibvumirano rinogona kuisa panjodzi pfuma yemunhu wese ane tokeni iri mukutonga.
Kutarisana Nechokwadi Chepamutemo
Nyaya huru ndeyekuti mutemo wekambani weDutch, unonyanya kutsanangurwa mu Bhuku rechipiri reDutch Civil Code, haibvumiri sangano rinotongwa nemakondirakiti akangwara chete semunhu wepamutemo. Mutemo unoda marongerwo akatsanangurwa, akadai sebhodhi revatungamiriri nezvinyorwa zvesangano, izvo zvisina DAO yakajairika.
DAO yakadaro haina chinzvimbo chepamutemo muNetherlands. Kusavapo uku kunoreva kuti maDAO haakwanise kupinda muzvibvumirano zvakananga, kuvhura maakaundi ebhangi, kana kuwana dziviriro shoma yakafanana neDutch BV kana NV structures.
Iyi yaive pfungwa huru yakasimbiswa mune imwe 2023 bepa rekushanda kubva kuEuropean Central Bank, iro rinoratidza kusawirirana kuripo pakati petekinoroji yakaparadzaniswa nehurongwa hwemitemo yechinyakare. Bepa iri rinojekesa kuti kusvika mutemo wachinja, maDAO anofanira kuchinjika kuhurongwa huripo kuti ashande nemazvo. Unogona kutsvaga rumwe ruzivo nezveramangwana remaDAO mune zvemari kubva mumushumo uyu.
Saka, mhinduro haisi yekushanda munzvimbo iyi isina mvumo asi kushandisa sangano repamutemo reDutch se "wrapper." Maitiro aya anopa DAO hunhu hwepamutemo hwaanoda kuti ashande nenyika yebhizinesi yechinyakare, achivaka zambuko rakakosha pakati pemabasa ayo akaparadzaniswa uye zvinodiwa nemutemo weDutch.
Kusarudza Chimiro Chepamutemo cheDutch Chakakodzera cheDAO Yako
Kusarudza "chinovhara" chepamutemo chakakodzera DAO yako muNetherlands ndicho chisarudzo chakakosha chauchaita. Sarudzo iyi haisi yekungotungamira chete; inonyanya kuumba hutongi hwako, mutoro, uye kugona kweDAO yako kubatanidzwa nenyika yekunze kwebhizinesi rezvibvumirano, mabhangi, uye mari. Kunyange zvazvo mutemo wemakambani eDutch uchipa sarudzo dzakawanda dzinoshanda, hadzisi dzese dzakakodzera sangano rakaparadzaniswa.
Dambudziko guru nderekuwana chimiro chepamutemo chinopa dziviriro yemhosva uye chinzvimbo chepamutemo pasina kukanganisa tsika dzinotungamirirwa nenharaunda dzinotsanangura DAO. MuNetherlands, sarudzo iyi inowanzo deredzwa kusvika kusarudzo nhatu huru: hwaro (Stichting), sangano rekubatsirana (Coöperatie), uye kambani yakazvimirira ine miganhu (BVImwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira zvakasiyana.
Chati iyi inoratidza sarudzo yekutanga: kushanda pasina sangano repamutemo pane kusarudza gwaro repamutemo.
Sezvinoratidzwa nedhayagiramu, kusiya gwaro remutemo kunogona kuita sekunge kwakabatana nepfungwa dzekusatora nzvimbo, asi zvinoisa nhengo munjodzi huru yekuzvidavirira.
Nheyo (Kushongedza)
Nheyo yeDutch, kana Stichting, inowanzova sarudzo yakanaka kune maDAO akatarisana nechinangwa chakajeka, chisiri chekutengeserana, senge protocol development treasurys, public goods funding, kana kutarisira chirongwa chemari yekubatsira munharaunda. Chinhu chinotsanangura foundation ndechekuti ine hapana nhengo kana vagovani.
Chimiro ichi chinoshanda nekuti chinoita kuti pave nekupatsanurwa kwakachena pakati pekuva muridzi wezvinhu zviri pamutemo nenharaunda inobatsirwa nazvo. Stichting inotungamirirwa nebhodhi, asi zvinyorwa zvayo zvesangano zvinogona kunyorwa kuti zviri pamutemo zviite bhodhi kuti riite zvabuda mumavhoti eDAO, zvichigadzira modhi inoshanda yekutonga kwakasanganiswa.
- Key Advantage: Yakanakira kuchengetedza pfuma yepfuma uye kutarisa pabasa rakati pasina kumanikidzwa kugovera purofiti.
- Dambudziko Guru: Zvinorambidzwa pamutemo kugovera purofiti kune vakatanga kana nhengo dzebhodhi, zvichiita kuti isakodzere chero DAO inowana purofiti.
Iyo Private Limited Kambani (BV)
The Besloten Vennootschap (BV) ndiyo fomu yepamutemo yeDutch inowanzo shandiswa nemabhizinesi mazhinji anoita purofiti. Inopa dziviriro yakasimba kune vane migove vayo uye isangano rinozivikanwa uye rinovimbwa nevanoita mari vekunze kwenyika nevanoshanda navo mumabhizinesi.
Zvisinei, BV inogona kuva chimiro chinonetsa cheDAO. Modhi yayo yekutonga inonangana nevanogovana masheya, izvo zvisingawanzoenderana nenharaunda yakakura, ine ma token. Kupa masheya kuzviuru zvevane ma token ekunyepedzera idambudziko rekutonga uye rinomutsa matambudziko makuru ekutevedzera mitemo. Kunyange zvakadaro, kune DAO ine boka diki, rakajeka revanopa mari vari kutsvaga kuunganidza mari nekushanda mubhizinesi, BV inogona kuva chishandiso chine simba.
Mubatanidzwa (Coöperatie)
Kune maDAO mazhinji, Coöperatie inopa hurongwa hwakaenzana uye hunochinjika. Pachinyanya kukosha, sangano remubatanidzwa rakagadzirirwa kushandira zvido zvehupfumi zvenhengo dzaro—nheyo inoenderana zvakakwana netsika dzemasangano akaparadzaniswa munharaunda.
Chinhu chikuru chemushandirapamwe uyu ndechekuti nhengo dzawo dzinogona kuchinjika uye kubuda zviri nyore, dzichidzivisa magwaro epamutemo uye anodhura ekunyora anodiwa kuti utengese migove muBV. Chinokosha ndechekuti, mushandirapamwe uyu unogona kuchinjika. anogona kugovera purofiti kunhengo dzayo, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera mabhizinesi anobatsira purofiti. Hutongi hunogona kugadziriswa kuti huratidze simba rekuvhota renhengo dzeDAO, zvichigadzira hukama hwakananga pakati pezvikumbiro zvemakambani anobatsira makambani nezviito zvinosunga pamutemo mabasa emakambani asingabatsiri makambani.
Kune maDAO mazhinji, sangano remubatanidzwa rinopa zvakanakisa pane zvese zviri zviviri. Rinobatanidza mweya wevanhu vari munharaunda yakaparadzaniswa nekuchengetedzwa kwepamutemo uye kugona kushanda kwesangano rinozivikanwa.
Kuti tikubatsire kuongorora sarudzo idzi, heino kuenzanisa kuri padivi nepadivi.
Kuenzanisa Masangano Epamutemo eDutch ekushandisa DAO
| mamiriro | Nheyo (Kusona) | Kubatana (Coöperatie) | Private Limited Kambani (BV) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chinangwa Chekutanga | Sangano risiri repurofiti; kushumira chinangwa kana basa rakati. | Kushandira zvido zvehupfumi kana zvemagariro evanhu. | Kuwana purofiti; kuunza purofiti kune vane migove. |
| Profit Distribution | Hazvibvumidzwe kugovera purofiti kune vanotanga kana bhodhi. | Zvinotenderwa; purofiti inogona kugoverwa kunhengo. | Zvinobvumidzwa; migove yemugove inogoverwa kune vane migove. |
| Maumbirwo eUnhengo | Hapana nhengo kana vagovani. | Kunobva pakuva nhengo; kupinda nekubuda zvinochinjika. | Maitiro ekutumira mari kubva kuvane migove; zviri pamutemo. |
| Hurumende | Inotungamirwa nebhodhi; inogona kurongwa kuti itevedzere mavhoti aripo. | Inotungamirwa nenhengo; inoenderana zvakanyanya nenzira dzekuvhota dzeDAO. | Inotungamirwa nevaridzi vemasheya; inogona kupesana nekutonga kwakavakirwa pachiratidzo. |
| Kudzivirirwa kwemutoro | Mutoro wakasimba webhodhi. | Mutoro wakasimba wenhengo (UA / BA). | Mutoro wakasimba wevagovani. |
| Yakanyanya Kukodzera Kune | Zvirongwa zvezvipo, protocol treasurys, mari yezvigadzirwa zveveruzhinji. | MaDAO ekuita purofiti, maDAO ebasa, maDAO ekudyara mari. | MaDAO ane timu diki, vachitsvaga mari yebhizinesi rekare. |
Sarudzo yega yega ine zvayakanakira, asi mushandirapamwe unowanzoonekwa sewakakodzera zvakanyanya hunhu hweDAO.
Kana DAO yako ichibata crypto-assets, kunyanya stablecoins, sarudzo yako yepamutemo inofanira kuitwa uchitevera mitemo. Kunzwisisa kuti midziyo yako inorongwa sei pasi pehurongwa hwakaita sehweEU. MiCA Stablecoin Zvikamu idanho rekutanga rakakosha. Chinyorwa chako chepamutemo chinofanira kukwanisa kubata zvinodiwa zvekutevedzera mitemo zvine chekuita nematoni chaiwo aanawo. Pano zvakare, kuchinjika kwemushandirapamwe kunowanzoita kuti uve mukana wakasimba wekufamba nemamiriro ezvinhu akaomarara uye ari kuchinja emitemo.
Kunzwisisa Njodzi dzeHutongi neMutoro weMunhu
Kushanda neDAO pasina sangano repamutemo reDutch kwakafanana nekufamba nechikepe mugungwa rine mafungu risina simba. Kunyange hazvo hurongwa hwakagoverwa huri hutsva, hahudziviriri kana matambudziko amuka. Mamiriro ezvinhu aya anoisa nhengo yega yega iri mukutonga panjodzi huru yemari, zvichishandura chirongwa chekushandira pamwe kuita kubheja kukuru. Chinhu chikuru chenjodzi iyi chiri mupfungwa yepamutemo inozivikanwa se kubatana uye mutoro wakawanda.
Muchidimbu, izvi zvinoreva kuti kana DAO ikava nechikwereti kana kuti ikamhan'arirwa kudare, vanokweretesa vanogona kutevera chero nhengo imwe chete nokuti mari yakazaraHazvina basa kuti une ma token mashoma chete here kana kuti vhoti yako yaive diki; pfuma yako—imba yako, mari yako yawakachengeta—inogona kunge iri panjodzi. Mutoro wacho unozobva waenda kwauri kuti uedze kuwana migove yakaenzana kubva kune dzimwe nhengo, iyo inowanzova nzira yakaoma uye inodhura.
Ifungei sebhizinesi risina kunyoreswa. Kana bhizinesi rikaramba kubhadhara chikwereti, bhangi harizotsvage mumwe nemumwe wevaviri ava kuti vawane mugove wavo mudiki. Asi, rinogona kukumbira mari yese kubva kumubatsiri mumwe chete anoita seanokwanisa kubhadhara, zvichivasiya vachigadzirisa gakava rezvemari. Pasi pemutemo weDutch, iyi ndiyo nzvimbo isina kugadzikana iyo nhengo dzeDAO dziri mairi padzinoshanda dzisina nhoo yekambani.
Musiyano Uripo Pakati Pezvibvumirano Zvakangwara Nemutemo Wekambani
Imwe nyaya huru inomuka mukutonga. Kunyange hazvo zvibvumirano zvakangwara zvakanaka pakuita mavhoti ari pa-chain nekujeka uye nekushanda zvakanaka, hazvizadzise zvinodiwa nemutemo wekambani yeDutch. Sisitimu yemutemo yeDutch yakavakirwa pahwaro hwemagwaro akanyorwa, anozivikanwa zviri pamutemo.
Zvimwe zviito zvakakosha zvekambani zvinoda maitiro chaiwo ayo chibvumirano chakangwara chega chisingagoni kutevedzera. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Zvinyorwa zveSangano: Iri ndiro gwaro rekutanga, rakaiswa kuChamber of Commerce, rinotsanangura chinangwa chekambani, mitemo, uye marongerwo ekutonga. Kodhi yechibvumirano chakangwara haisi chinhu chinotsiva zviri pamutemo.
- Zvisarudzo zveBhodhi: Zvisarudzo zvikuru, zvakaita sekugadza director kana kubvumidza kutengeserana kwakakosha, zvinofanirwa kunyorwa zviri pamutemo muzvisarudzo zvakanyorwa zvakasainwa nebhodhi. Kuverengwa kwemavhoti ari muchikamu chekambani hakusviki padanho iri.
- Shareholder Agreements: Izvi zvibvumirano zvakadzama zvinotonga hukama pakati pevane migove, zvichifukidza nyaya dzinopfuura zvinokwanisa kugadziriswa nehurongwa hwekuvhota hwakavakirwa pachiratidzo.
Kusawirirana uku kunoita kuti pave nenjodzi huru yepamutemo. Pasina magwaro aya epamutemo, zvisarudzo zveDAO zvinogona kuonekwa sezvisingashandiswe pamutemo, uye maitiro ayo ese ekutonga anogona kupikiswa kudare.
Kugadzirisa Kusawirirana Kwehutongi
Mhinduro inonyanya kushanda ndeyekushandisa modhi yekutonga yakasanganiswa. Nzira iyi inoshandisa sangano repamutemo rekuDutch—rakadai sesangano remubatanidzwa kana sangano—kuti rishande semumiriri weDAO wepamutemo. Bhodhi resangano rinogona kusungirwa zviri pamutemo nemagwaro aro ekubatana kuti riite sarudzo dzakapihwa nemaitiro ekuvhota eDAO.
Iyi nzira inogadzira nzira yakanaka yepamutemo:
- Nharaunda yeDAO inopa mazano uye inovhota nezvezviito zviri kuenderera mberi.
- Mhedzisiro yevhoti inova murairo unosunga bhodhi resangano repamutemo reDutch.
- Bhodhi rinozobva raita chisarudzo ichocho kuburikidza nezviito zvinotevedzera pamutemo, zvisiri zvekambani, zvakaita sekusaina chibvumirano kana kupa mvumo yekubhadhara kubva kuakaundi yebhangi rekambani.
Maumbirwo aya anosanganisira dziviriro inokosha yemhosva uye anovimbisa kuti mashandiro eDAO akasimba pamutemo uye anodzivirirwa. Njodzi dzemhosva yemunhu kuvatungamiriri ndedzechokwadi, asi sangano rakarongeka zvakanaka rinobatsira kuzvitarisira zvinobudirira. Kuti unzwisise zvakadzama, unogona kuverenga zvakawanda nezve mutoro wemakambani muNetherlands uye kana vatungamiriri vava nemhosva yavo pachavo munyaya yedu yakadzama. Uyezve, kuchengetedza midziyo uye kuona kuti mashandiro akanaka, maDAO anofanira kushandisa nzira dzakanakisa dzekutarisira njodzi muDeFi.
Kusangana neDutch Data uye Algorithm Regulations
Kupfuura marongerwo emakambani nemhosva, maDAO anoshanda muNetherlands anofanira kufamba neimwe nzira yakakosha yekutarisira: kuchengetedzwa kwedata uye algorithmic regulation. Iyi inzvimbo iyo vanovamba vepasi rose vanowanzosangana nematambudziko. Vazhinji vanofunga kuti modhi yakaparadzaniswa iripo isingasvikiki kune vatongi venyika, asi muNetherlands, fungidziro iyi imhosva inodhura.
Pakati pehurongwa uhwu pane Dutch Data Protection Authority (Chiremera cheData Yega, kana APBasa reAP rinopfuura zvakavanzika zvedata; rinewo basa rekuona kuti maalgorithms anoshandiswa muNetherlands akarurama, akajeka, uye haasaruri, kunyanya kana achisanganisira ruzivo rwemunhu.
AP seNational Algorithm Watchdog
Kuzvigadzira kweDAO, kuchitungamirirwa nezvibvumirano zvakangwara, kunoiisa zvakananga pasi pekutariswa kweAP. Chibvumirano chakangwara, pakutanga kwacho, ialgorithm—seti yemitemo inoita otomatiki. Kana chibvumirano ichocho chikabata chero ruzivo runogona kubatanidzwa nemunhu anozivikanwa (senge kero dzewallet dzakabatana nedata reKYC), chinowira pasi pemitemo yakaoma yeGeneral Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
Kubva muna Ndira 2023, simba reAP rakawedzerwa zviri pamutemo, richiriisa semutongi wehurongwa hwenyika. Izvi zvine mhedzisiro yakananga kune chero DAO ine hukama neNetherlands. AP yakatogadzira Dhipatimendi idzva reCoordination Algorithms kuti ritarisire mashandisirwo emaalgorithms muzvikamu zvese. Nekuwedzera kwebhajeti rekutanga re € 1 mamiriyoni, hurumende yava nesimba rekuferefeta nekukurumidza uye kubhadharisa faindi huru kune vasingatevedzere mitemo. Unogona verenga zvakawanda nezvebasa rakawedzerwa reAP semutongi wealgorithm uye zvazvinoreva kumasangano anotungamirwa netekinoroji.
Kukanganisa uku hakusi kungofungidzira chete. Chinangwa cheAP ndechekudzivirira masisitimu anoshanda ega kuti asaite sarudzo dzisina musoro kana dzisina kururama dzinokanganisa vanhu. Kune DAO, izvi zvinogona kusanganisira:
- Kugovera mibairo zvichibva paruzivo rwekutora chikamu.
- Kupa kana kubvisa kodzero dzekuva nhengo otomatiki.
- Kugadzirisa ruzivo rwekutengeserana rwakabatana nemazita evashandisi.
Nei Sangano Repamutemo Richikosha Pakutevedzera Mutemo
Apa ndipo panobva pava pachena zvakare kuti kudiwa kwekambani yepamutemo yeDutch kwava pachena. DAO isina kambani haina munhu wepamutemo wekutora mutoro wekutevedzera GDPR. Ndiani anodzora data? Ndiani anopindura chikumbiro chekuwana data kubva kunhengo? Ndiani anobhadhara faindi kana AP ikaona kutyorwa kwemutemo? Pasina gwaro repamutemo, mabasa aya anogona kuwira zvakananga panhengo imwe neimwe, zvichiwedzera njodzi dzemhosva yavo.
Kushanda kweDAO muNetherlands kunoda kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwete chete mutemo wemakambani, asiwo mamiriro ekutonga ari kuchinja ehungwaru hwekugadzira uye kuita sarudzo dzinoitwa otomatiki. Basa reAP rinoreva kuti kutevedzera mitemo hakufanirwe kunge kuri kufunga kwekupedzisira.
Sangano rakanyoreswa zviri pamutemo, senge cooperative kana foundation, rinogona kusarudzwa semutongi wedata. Chimiro ichi chinobvumira DAO kugadzira zvibvumirano zvakajeka zvekugadzirisa data, kugadza mupurisa wekudzivirira data kana zvichidikanwa, uye kuratidza nzira yakajeka yekuzvidavirira kune vatongi vakaita seAP. Inopa nzvimbo huru yekubatana uye dziviriro yepamutemo yakakosha pakugadzirisa njodzi huru dzemari dzine chekuita nekusatevedzera mitemo. Sezvo masisitimu ega achinyanya kuoma, mamiriro ekutonga anozowedzera kuoma. Kuti uwane mamwe mamiriro, zvakakosha kunzwisisa divi repamutemo rehungwaru hwekugadzira muEU uye Mutemo weAI uri kuuya, izvo zvichawedzera kuumba zvisungo izvi.
Kugadzirira Mitemo Mitsva Yekushuma Mitero Pasi peDAC8
Kunyange hazvo kunzwisisa mitemo yemakambani nedata iripo kwakakosha, pane shanduko huru iri kuuya iyo ichachinja zvakanyanya mamiriro ekutevedzera mitemo yeDAOs muNetherlands. EU Directive on Administrative Cooperation iri kuuya, inozivikanwa zvikuru se DAC8, ichaunza nguva itsva yekujekesa mitero ye crypto-assets. Kana ikashandiswa, kushanda kweDAO pasina hurongwa hwepamutemo hwepamutemo kuchava kusingaite.
Iyi haisi shanduko iri kure, yedzidziso. Mitemo mitsva ichatanga kushanda muNetherlands musi wa 1 January 2026Kubva pazuva iroro, masangano akasiyana-siyana ane chekuita ne crypto achange achisungirwa kuDutch Tax Administration kuti anyorese mishumo yavo (Belastingdienst).
Mutemo uyu uri kuuya unobvisa kutengeserana kwemari ye crypto uye unozviisa pasi pekutariswa kwevane masimba emitero, izvo zvine zvazvinoreva pamaitiro ayo maDAO anofanira kurongwa kuti arambe achitevedzera mitemo.
Chii chinonzi Crypto-Asset Service Provider (CASP)?
Pakati peDAC8 pane pfungwa yekuti Mupi weBasa reCrypto-Asset (CASP). Murairo uyu unoshandisa tsananguro yakafara kwazvo, uchitsanangura CASP semunhu chero upi zvake kana sangano rine bhizinesi rinosanganisira kupa masevhisi e crypto-asset kune vamwe vanhu. Tsananguro iyi yakakura nemaune uye inenge ichisanganisira maDAO mazhinji nemapuratifomu avo akabatana nawo.
DAO inobatanidzwa mune chimwe chezviitiko zvinotevera ingangove yakarongwa seCASP:
- Kuchinjana mari ye crypto nemari ye fiat kana mamwe mari ye crypto.
- Kupa kuchengetedza nekutarisira midziyo ye crypto.
- Kutarisira chikuva chekutengeserana kwezvinhu zve crypto.
- Kubatsira kutamiswa kwemari ye crypto pakati pevashandisi.
MaDAO mazhinji, kunyanya ayo ari munzvimbo yeDeFi kana anotarisira pfuma yenharaunda ine kutengeserana kuri kuitwa, achawana mabasa awo makuru achiwira pasi petsanangudzo iyi. Hunhu hweDAO hwakaparadzaniswa hahupi rusununguko; kana mashandiro ayo achipa masevhisi aya kuvashandisi, ichave pasi pemitemo mitsva.
Kukura Kwezvisungo Zvitsva Zvekushuma
Pasi pekushandiswa kweDAC8 neDutch, maCASP achafanirwa pamutemo kuti aite ongororo yakakura uye mishumo. Anofanira kuunganidza, kusimbisa, uye kuzivisa otomatiki ruzivo rwakadzama nezvevashandisi vavo uye kutengeserana kwavo kuDutch Tax Administration. Ruzivo urwu ruchazogoverwa nevatungamiriri vemitero muEU yese.
Kushandiswa kweEU DAC8 Directive muNetherlands, iyo inoshanda musi wa1 Ndira, 2026, kunoisa zvisungo zvakasimba zvekushuma kune vanopa masevhisi e crypto-asset. Izvi zvinoenderana nekusimbiswa kwemutemo wemakambani eDutch pakujeka uye kutevedzera mitero, zvichiita kuti zvimiro zvepamutemo zvive zvakakosha kumaDAO.
Mutemo wekushandisa EU Directive on Exchange of Information on Crypto-Assets hausiyi mukana wekusava nechokwadi: chero CASP ine 'hukama hwakakodzera' neNetherlands inofanira kutevedzera. Izvi zvinoreva kuunganidza nekuzivisa zvese data remushandisi nerekutengeserana. Zvirango zvekusatevedzera mitemo zvakakomba, ne faindi dzekutonga dzinogona kusvika pakakwirira se €1,030,000. Unogona Wana rumwe ruzivo nezvezvinodiwa zvekugovana data zviri kuuya kune vanopa mari ye crypto kubva kuPwC.
Sei Chimiro Chakarongeka Chisingakurukurwi Mushure meDAC8
Mitemo mitsva iyi inogadzira nyaya ine simba uye yekukurumidzira yekuumba sangano repamutemo rekuNetherlands. DAO isina kunyoreswa haina kugadzirira kuita mabasa akaomarara akadaro ekutevedzera mitemo.
Funga nezvemibvunzo inoshanda:
- Ndiani munhu wepamutemo ane basa rekuunganidza nekusimbisa ruzivo rwemushandisi?
- Ndiani anosaina mishumo yakatumirwa ku Belastingdienst?
- Ndiani anofanira kubhadhariswa faindi huru pamutemo kana paine chikanganiso?
Pasina chimiro chepamutemo chakaita sesangano rekubatsirana kana sangano, mabasa aya—nemitoro—zvaizowira zvakananga kunhengo dzemunhu mumwe nemumwe kana vagadziri vemakambani makuru. Izvi zvinovaisa panjodzi huru yemunhu pachake, kupfuura zvingagamuchirwa nechero mutori wechikamu anonzwisisa.
Sangano repamutemo rakakodzera rinopa hurongwa hunodiwa kuti ritarisire mabasa aya nehunyanzvi, kugadza vakuru vane mutoro, uye kutaurirana nevatungamiriri vemitero nenzira yakarongeka uye inotevedzera mitemo. Kubva muna 2026 zvichienda mberi, kutevedzera mitemo yemitero hakuzongove tsika yakanaka kumaDAO chete; kuchava chinhu chinodiwa pamutemo.
Mibvunzo Yako Nezve DAOs neMutemo weDutch, Inopindurwa
Sezvo nyika itsva yeDAOs ichisangana nehurongwa hwechinyakare hwemutemo wemakambani wekuDutch, mibvunzo yakawanda inoshanda inomuka kune vakatanga, vanoisa mari, uye vane token. Chikamu chino chinopa mhinduro dzakajeka uye dzinoshanda kumibvunzo yakajairika yemutemo yatinosangana nayo, ichienda kupfuura dzidziso kuti igadzirise nyaya dzechokwadi.
Zvibvumirano Zvakangwara Zvinosunga Zviri Pamutemo muNetherlands Here?
Ehe, chibvumirano chakangwara chinogona kuva chibvumirano chinosunga zviri pamutemo pasi pemutemo weDutch, asi izvi hazvingoerekana zvaitika. Sisitimu yemutemo yeDutch inochinjika maererano nechimiro chinogona kutora chibvumirano; chinonyanya kukosha inyaya yacho.
Kuti chibvumirano chakangwara chisimbiswe mudare, chinofanira kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvakafanana nezviri muchibvumirano chekare: panofanira kuva nechibvumirano chakajeka uye kugamuchirwa, uye mapato ese ari maviri anofanira kunge aine chinangwa chekugadzira hukama hwepamutemo. Mitemo yacho, sezvakanyorwa mumutemo, inofanira kunge yakajeka zvakakwana kuti dare rinzwisise.
Zvisinei, dambudziko guru rinomuka pakududzira nekusimbisa mutemo. Kana paine gakava, dare reDutch rinofanira kuona kuti mutemo uyu waida kuitei. Izvi zvinowanzoda kuti zvapupu zvine hunyanzvi zvishandure mutemo uyu mumutauro wakajeka, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera kuoma uye mari kune chero gakava repamutemo. Chinyorwa chemutemo chakanyorwa zvakanaka chakakosha pano; chinogona kusanganisira zvikamu zvinotaura zvakajeka kuti mhedzisiro yechibvumirano chakangwara inosunga pamutemo, zvichibatsira kudzikamisa musiyano uripo pakati pemutemo nedare redzimhosva.
Varidzi veDAO Token vanogona kutorwa seVatungamiriri veDe Facto here?
Iyi injodzi huru uye inowanzo furatirwa. Pasi pemutemo wekambani yeDutch, munhu asiri director wepamutemo asi achiita semumwe anogona kupiwa mhosva semushandi wehurumende. mutungamiriri chaiyeIzvi zvinogona kushanda nyore nyore kune nhengo dzeDAO dzinoshanda zvikuru uye dzine simba dzine mavhoti anogara achitungamira sarudzo dzesangano.
Mubvunzo mukuru ungabvunzwa nedare ndewekuti simba remunhu ane token rakakosha here zvekuti, chaizvoizvo, vari kutungamira sangano. Uyu hausi mubvunzo wekuti hongu-kana-kwete; wakavakirwa pachokwadi chaicho chemamiriro acho ezvinhu.
Fungidzira chiitiko apo boka diki revanhu vane "hove" vanobata ma "token" nguva dzose vanoronga mavhoti avo kuti vabvumidze sarudzo huru dzemari. Kana sarudzo idzodzo dzikaguma nekukundikana kubhadhara kana dzimwe nyaya dzemutemo, dare rinogona kutarisa kupfuura zita rehurumende rakapa mutoro wepamusoro-soro kuvanhu ivavo. Njodzi iyi yoga inoita kuti nhoo yemhosva inopihwa nesangano repamutemo ive yakakosha zvikuru.
Ko Sangano Rekunze Rakaita seWyoming LLC Rinondidzivirira muNetherlands Here?
Kushandisa sangano rekune dzimwe nyika, rakadai se Wyoming LLC, inogona kupa DAO hunhu hwepamutemo, asi haisi mhinduro yakakwana yekushanda muNetherlands. Kunyange hazvo chimiro cheLLC chichizivikanwa, hachipi DAO dziviriro kubva pamabasa ayo pasi pemutemo weDutch.
Kana DAO iine mabasa akakosha ekushanda, vashandi, kana manejimendi ari muNetherlands, icharamba ichidikanwa kutevedzera mitemo yemuno. Izvi zvinosanganisira:
- Mutemo weMutero weDutch: Sangano iri rinogona kunzi mugari wemutero wekuNetherlands, zvichireva kuti rinofanira kutevedzera mitemo yemitero yemari yekambani uye mishumo yeDAC8.
- Mutemo Webasa: Kana ikatora vanhu muNetherlands, inofanirwa kutevedzera mitemo yese yebasa reDutch.
- Kuteerera Kwemutemo: Inofanira kutevedzera mitemo inobva kuvakuru vakuru vekuDutch vakaita seAP (Data Protection Authority) neDNB (De Nederlandsche Bank), kunyanya kana ichikodzera kuva CASP.
Kungonyoresa DAO mune imwe nyika hazviratidzi kuti uri kudzivirirwa nemitemo yeDutch. Kana nzvimbo yeDAO yako yekutarisira zvinobudirira iri muNetherlands, mitemo yemuno ichashanda.
Saka, kunyange hazvo sangano rekune dzimwe nyika riri sarudzo yakanaka, zvinoda kuronga mitero nekungwarira kuti zvirambe zvichitevedzera mitemo muNetherlands. Kune vazhinji, kuronga kuburikidza nesangano rekuNetherlands sesangano remubatanidzwa kunopa nzira yakatwasuka uye isina kuoma.
DAO ingavhura sei Account yeDutch Bank?
Kuvhura account yekubhangi chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvikuru kune DAO isina kunyoreswa. Mabhangi ekuDutch anosungirwa nemitemo yakasimba yeAnti-Money Laundering (AML) uye Know Your Customer (KYC), zvichiita kuti zvisakwanisike kuti sangano risina hunhu hwepamutemo rivhure account.
Bhangi rinofanira kuziva varidzi vemaUBO vanopa pundutso uye kunzwisisa marongerwo ehutungamiriri hwesangano. DAO isina kunyoreswa, kazhinji ine nhengo dzisingazivikanwe kana dzenhema, haigone kupa ruzivo urwu.
Mhinduro chete inoshanda ndeyekuumba sangano repamutemo reDutch. Sangano kana kambani yakanyoreswa neDutch Chamber of Commerce (KvK) ine mvumo yepamutemo inodiwa kuti inyorere account yebhangi. Nhengo dzebhodhi resangano iri dzichaita KYC yebhangi, zvichipa pachena uye kuzvidavirira zvinodiwa nebhangi kuti rizadzise zvisungo zvaro zvemutemo. Iyi ndiyo kiyi inogonesa DAO kutarisira mari yayo, kubhadhara mabasa, uye kushanda mukati mehurongwa hwemari hwechinyakare.
Kufamba pakati peDAOs nemutemo weDutch kunoda nhungamiro yenyanzvi kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti chimiro chako chitsva chakavakirwa pahwaro hwakasimba hwepamutemo. Kana uchironga kutanga kana kushandisa DAO ine hukama neNetherlands, taura nechikwata chedu chenyanzvi dzemutemo pa Law and More kuronga sangano renyu kuti ribudirire uye ritevedzere zvinodiwa. Tishanyirei pa: https://lawandmore.eu kuronga kuonana.
