Mukuferefeta kwemari kana hutsotsi kuDutch, mutongo wacho hausi iwo unorema zvakanyanya. Chikamu chinorema zvikuru imari. Dare rePublic Prosecution Service ( Openbaar Ministerie ) rinowanzo tora zvinhu nekukurumidza, uye gare gare rinokumbira dare kuti rirayire kubhadharwa kwemari yakaenzana nepurofiti inonzi yakawanikwa. Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura kuti kutora nekutorerwa zvinhu kunoshanda sei, kuti miedzo yacho chii, uye kuti mikana chaiyo iripo.
Zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana zvinogara zvichivhiringidzika
Kutora ( beslag ) idanho rekuferefeta uye rekudzivirira panguva yekuferefeta, kazhinji pazuva rekutanga. Rinomisa midziyo uye harisarudze chero chinhu nezvemhosva kana kuti une chikwereti chakadii. Kutora (the ontnemingsmaatregel ) chiyero chakaiswa nedare pakupera, pasi pechikamu 36e Sr, kugadzira chikwereti kuHurumende chakaenzana nemubairo wakawanikwa zvisiri pamutemo. Kutora chikwereti kunochengetedza kubhadharwa kwechikwereti ichocho pakupedzisira.
| Kubatwa nechirwere (beslag) | Mutemo wekutorwa kwemhosva (ontnemingsmaatregel) | |
|---|---|---|
| apo | Munguva yekuferefeta, kazhinji pakutanga | Mushure menyaya yemhosva, mune imwe nzira yakasiyana |
| Basis | hunyanzvi. 94 Sv uye hunyanzvi. 94a Sv | art. 36e Sr; maitiro ari pasi peart. 511b kusvika 511i Sv |
| Migumisiro | Midziyo yamiswa; muridzi wayo haana kuchinja | Chisungo chekubhadhara mari kuHurumende |
| Zvakasarudzwa na | Muchuchisi kana mutongi ari kuferefeta | Dare redzimhosva, pachikumbiro chemuchuchisi |
| Akapikiswa na | Chichemo pasi pechinyorwa. 552a Sv | Kuzvidzivirira pakunzwa; kukwidza nyaya; kupomerwa mhosva |
| Standard | Pfupiso, bvunzo yemumucheto | Kufungidzira pauchapupu hwepamutemo |
Kubatwa kwechirwere panguva yekuferefeta
Kubatwa kwezvikonzero zveuchapupu uye zvimwe zvine chekuita nazvo
Chikamu 94 Sv chinosanganisira kutorwa kwezvinhu zvinogona kushanda kusimbisa chokwadi, zvinhu zvinogona kushanda kuratidza kuwanikwa kwemubereko wakawanikwa zvisiri pamutemo, uye zvinhu zvinogona kutorwa ( verbeurdverklaring , art. 33 Sr) kana kubviswa kubva mukutenderera kweropa ( onttrekking aan het verkeer , art. 36b Sr) — mumalaptop, mafoni, manejimendi, mari nezvinhu.
Chinhu chechipiri chinonyanya kukosha kupfuura zvinotarisirwa nevanhu: chinhu chinogona kubatwa nekuti chinobatsira kuratidza kwakabva purofiti.
Kutorwa kwechinhu nechinangwa chekutorwa
Art. 94a Sv inzira yekudzivirira ( conservatoir beslag ). Kana paine fungidziro yemhosva ine faindi yechikamu chechishanu, zvinhu zvinogona kutorwa kuchengetedza kudzorerwa kwefaindi uye - nyaya inokuvadza nyaya dzekubiridzira nekubvisa mari - kuti pave nechisungo chekubhadhara maererano nemubairo wakawanikwa zvisiri pamutemo. Uku ndiko kutorwa kunosvika kumaakaundi ebhangi, dzimba, mota, migove nezvikwereti: "zvinhu" zvinofukidza zvinhu zvese nekodzero dzese dzepfuma.
Kutorwa kwepfuma zvichibva pane chikumbiro chepfuma yakabatwa nemumwe munhu
Art. 94a Sv inobvumirawo kutorwa kwezvinhu zvakabatwa nemumwe munhu asiri iye ari kupomerwa mhosva. Mamiriro acho anosanganisira: zvinhu zvinobva pamhosva, pane zviratidzo zvekuti zvakatamisirwa kuti zvikanganise kudzorerwa, uye munhu iyeye aiziva kana kuti aigona kufungidzira kuti zvakabva kupi. Zvimwe zvinhu zvemunhu iyeye zvinogona kutorwa kusvika pamutengo wezvakatamisirwa. Makambani, vadyidzani nevemhuri havangosvikiki.
Ndiani anogona kutora, uye nemvumo yaani
- Mapurisa anoferefeta anogona kutora zvinhu pasi pechikamu 94 Sv mumamiriro ezvinhu akataurwa muchikamu 95 ne96 Sv — kunyanya kana munhu akawanikwa ari muchiito kana kuti achifungirwa mhosva yakakura.
- Mutongi ari kuferefeta (rechter-commissaris) ine masimba akasiyana ekubvuta pasi pechikamu 104 uye chinotevera Sv.
- Kubatwa kwemhosva pasi pechinyorwa. 94a Sv inoda mvumo yemutongi ari kuferefeta, pachikumbiro chemuchuchisi, pasi pechinyorwa. 103 Sv. Mvumo isina kunaka kana kuti isina kukwana ichikonzero chechokwadi chekunyunyuta.
- Kudzoserwa, kuchengetwa, kutengeswa uye kuparadzwa kwezvinhu zvakatorwa zvinozotevera kuburikidza nechikamu 116 kusvika 119 Sv, zvakanyanya zviri mumaoko emuchuchisi.
- Ongororo yemari inogona kuitwa pamwe chete ne: strafrechtelijk financieel onderzoek (SFO) pasi pechikamu 126 uye chinotevera Sv, chakavhurwa nemutongi ari kuferefeta pachikumbiro chemuchuchisi chekutarisa midziyo yemunhu ari kupomerwa.
Kuburitswa kwemidziyo: chichemo pasi pechikamu 552a Sv
Nzira inokurumidza yekusunungura haisi nyaya yekutongwa asi kunyunyuta kwakanyorwa pasi pechinyorwa ( klaagschrift ) pasi pechinyorwa 552a Sv. Munhu anofarira anogona kunyunyuta nezvekutorwa kwemhosva pachakwo uye nezvekukundikana kuraira kuti idzoserwe. Inoendeswa kurejista yedare panguva yekutsvaga chokwadi iyo nyaya yacho yakatongwa kana kuti yakatongwa kekupedzisira, uye inonzwikwa mumakamuri ( raadkamer ). Nguva yekuitora haikanganwirwi: kana nyaya yacho yapera, kunyunyuta kwakaitwa mushure memwedzi inopfuura mitatu hakugamuchirwi, uye kana pasina kupomerwa mhosva kwakamboitwa - kusanganisira mushure mechisarudzo chisina magumo chekusatongwa - muganho wekunze makore maviri kubva pakutorwa kwemhosva. Kumirira kuti nyaya yemhosva ipere usati watora matanho pamari yakatorwa kana mabhangi akabhadharwa saka chikanganiso chikuru.
Dare Repamusorosoro rakatsanangura hurongwa hwacho muna HR 28 Gunyana 2010, ECLI:NL:HR:2010:BL2823. Zvinhu zvitatu zvinosarudza nyaya zhinji:
- Bvunzo iyi ipfupiso — it “draagt een summier karakter”. Mutongi haafanirwe kana kubvumidzwa kufanotaura mhedzisiro yenyaya yemhosva kana nzira yekutorwa kwemhosva ichiri kutarisirwa.
- Pasi pechinyorwa. 94 Sv, mubvunzo ndewekuti kufarira kwekutongwa kwemhosva kuchiri kuda kuti kubatwa kwemhosva kuenderere mberi here; kana zvisiri izvo, kudzoserwa kwemhosva kunorayirwa. Kufarira ikoko kuripo apo zvinhu zvinogona kushanda kusimbisa chokwadi kana kuratidza mukana wakawanikwa zvisiri pamutemo, kana apo zvisingaite kuti kurasikirwa kana kubviswa kubva mukutenderera kwenyaya kucharayirwa.
- Pasi pechinyorwa. 94a Sv, dare rinobvunza kana paine fungidziro kana mhosva yemhosva ine faindi yechikamu chechishanu, uye kana zvisingaite kuti faindi kana kuti kutorwa kwemhosva kuitwe. Nzira iyoyo ndeyekupa mhosva nemaune.
Mugumisiro wacho wakajeka: hauzombokundi kana ukataura kuti hauna mhosva. Unokunda nekurwisa kutorwa kwechinhu nenzira yacho - chinhu hachichadiwi, mvumo yacho yakanga isina kunaka, kukosha kwakabatwa hakuna kuenzana, kana kuti pfuma haisi yemunhu anofungidzirwa. Chichemo chinonzwikwa nekukurumidza, uye kazhinji ndicho chega chinoita kuti bhizinesi ritengeswe zvakare.
Maitiro ekutorwa kwechinhu chimwe chete inyaya yakasiyana
Kutorwa kwemhosva hakungobvi pakutongwa. Muchuchisi anoisa chikumbiro chakasiyana ( ontnemingsvordering ), icho dare rinobata nacho nenzira yakasiyana pasi pe artt. 511b kusvika 511i Sv mushure menyaya yemhosva. Chikumbiro chacho chinoenderana nenguva yakatarwa nemutemo: pasi pe art. 511b Sv muchuchisi anofanira kuchiunza mukati memakore maviri kubva pakutongwa kwekutanga.
Injini yemaitiro acho imushumo unoverenga mukana wakawanikwa zvisiri pamutemo ( rapport berekening wederrechtelijk verkregen voordeel ), wakagadzirwa nevaongorori vezvemari. Igwaro, kwete mutongo, uye chinhu chimwe chete chakakosha kurwisa.
Mutoro uye mwero weuchapupu: wakaderera pane wenyaya yemhosva
Izvi zvinoshamisa vanhu vepasi rose zvikuru. Kutongwa kunoda humbowo hwepamutemo uye hunogutsa; kutorwa kwemhosva hakudi. Pasi pechikamu 511f Sv, fungidziro inofanira kubva pahumbowo hwepamutemo, asi dare riri kufungidzira nhamba, risingaratidze mhosva pasina mubvunzo.
MuHR musi wa26 Kurume 2013, ECLI:NL:HR:2013:BV9087, Dare Repamusorosoro rakasimbisa kuti hapana chinotadzisa dare kuti ritore fungidziro yacho kubva pane zviri mumushumo wezvemari wakadaro. Asi rakawedzera simba rakanakisisa rekudzivirira: kana mupomerwi akapikisa mhedziso mumushumo nenzira ine musoro, zvimwe zvinodiwa zvinoshanda pakufunga kwefungidziro yacho, uye dare rinofanira kutsanangura kuti sei richibvuma mhedziso iyoyo.
Dudziro yacho inoti: kuramba zvisina kujeka hakuna zvakunobatsira, nepo kuramba kwakanyorwa, kwakatorwa kubva panhamba imwe kuenda kune imwe kunomanikidza dare kuti ritaure. Kudzivirira kutorwa kwemari kunoreva kuverenga nekunyora nyaya pamwe chete nekutsigira.
Maverengerwo anoitwa mari yacho
Dare rinoongorora mukana wekushandisa nzira iyi uye rine rusununguko pakusarudza nzira iyi. Nzira idzi dzinowira mumhuri mbiri: kuverenga kwakasimba kwakabatana nekutengeserana kwakawanikwa, uye nzira dzisinganzwisisike dzinobva mumari yose.
| nzira | How akunoita | Kushandiswa kwakajairika uye kushaya simba |
|---|---|---|
| Zvichibva pakutengeserana (kutengeserana kwekutengeserana) | Mari inowanikwa isina mari yakananga, pakutengeserana kwakatarwa | Kurwisa huwandu hwekutengeserana, mutengo uye huwandu hunofungidzirwa |
| Chirevo chemari (kasopstelling), zviri nyore kana kuti zvakatambanudzwa | Inoenzanisa mari yakagamuchirwa nemari yakashandiswa, mumari chete kana mumaakaundi ese; kushandiswa kwakawandisa kusingatsananguriki kunoonekwa semubatsiro | Dzivisa mari yekutanga, zvikwereti, zvipo, mari inowanikwa zviri pamutemo, uye kuverenga kaviri mari inotumirwa kubva kumaakaundi ako |
| Kuenzanisa midziyo (vermogensvergelijking) | Midziyo pakupera kwenguva, midziyo mishoma pakutanga, mari shoma iri pachena, pamwe nemari inoshandiswa | Kuongororwa kwemari yekurwiswa, nguva yakasarudzwa uye kurapwa kwezvikwereti |
Nzira dzisinganzwisisike dzine chinhu chimwe chine njodzi: hadzidi kuti kutengeserana kwemhosva kuonekwe. Musiyano usina kutsanangurwa pakati pemari inoshandiswa nemari inogona kutakura fungidziro, saka mhinduro yacho inyaya yakanyorwa - zvinyorwa zvebhangi, zvibvumirano zvechikwereti, magwaro echipo nenhaka, mari yekunze, humbowo hwekuchinjana kwemari. Nzira ipi inoshandiswa ndeyedare redzimhosva: mutemo wenyaya wakagadziriswa unosimbisa rusununguko rwakakura rwekufungidzira rwunopihwa ne art. 36e Sr, saka kurwiswa chaiko kuri pazvinhu zvinopihwa kwete pakusarudza modhi.
Kutorwa kwenguva refu: mhosva dzisiri idzo dzakaratidzwa
Art. 36e Sr haagumiri pamhosva yekutongerwa mhosva. Kana mhosva iyoyo iine faindi yechikamu chechishanu, dare rinogonawo kutora mukana kubva kune dzimwe mhosva, chero bedzi paine zviratidzo zvakakwana zvekuti munhu wacho ndiye akazviita. Havafanirwe kupomerwa mhosva kana kuratidzwa kuti vane mhosva.
Mutemo unoenderera mberi. Muzviitiko izvozvo dare rinogona kufunga kuti mari yakashandiswa mumakore matanhatu mhosva isati yasvika, pamwe nezvinhu zvakawanikwa munguva iyoyo, zvinomiririra mukana wakawanikwa zvisiri pamutemo kunze kwekunge pabuda munhu wepamutemo. Dare rinogona kushandisa nguva pfupi. Mhedzisiro yacho mutoro unowanzova pamupomerwi wekubhadhara mari yemakore matanhatu.
Mari inoshandiswa, vatadzi vakawanda, uye kuderedzwa kwemari yacho
Chii chingabviswa
Art. 36e Sr inobvumira kubviswa chete kwemari dziri maererano nekupedzwa kwemhosva uye dzinokodzera kubviswa:
- Kazhinji kacho mari inobviswa kubva mumari yacho: mari inoshandiswa pasina mhosva chaiyo ingadai isina kuitirwa — mutengo wekutenga zvinhu unozotengeswazve, mari yekutakura zvakananga kana yekugadzira.
- Kazhinji hazvibvisirwe mari: mari yekurarama, mari yemararamiro, faindi, nemari yekudzivirira. Mari yebhizinesi nemitengo yekuwedzera, uye mari yekudyara muzvivakwa zvisiri pamutemo, inowirawo kunze kwemari yekubvisa: mari chete inoenderana nekuparwa kwemhosva ndiyo inogona kubhadharwa.
- Kana zvinhu zvacho zvakatorwa zvikatorwa munyaya yemhosva, nyaya haisi yekubviswa kwemari asi kudzoserwa kaviri. Nekuti kutorwa kwechinhu kunodzoserwa uye hakusi kurangwa, kukosha kwechinhu chakatorwa kubva kumupomerwi uye chakatorwa munyaya yake yemhosva kunofanirwa kubhadharwa zvichienderana nechisungo chekubhadhara (HR 31 Chivabvu 2022, ECLI:NL:HR:2022:808). Dare rinogona kuita izvozvo kunyangwe kana kutorwa kwechinhu kusati kwasvika nguva yekupedzisira, asi hazvisungirwi kudaro; kana zvikasadaro, munhu akabatwa nemhosva anogona kukumbira kuti chisungo chideredzwe kana kutorwa kwechinhu kwava kusingadzokeri shure (art. 6:6:26 Sv).
Vanhu vakati wandei vanobatanidzwa
Kana vanhu vakati wandei vakawana mukana, art. 36e Sr inobvumira dare kuisa mutoro wepamwe chete uye wepamwe kana kugovera mukana pakati pavo. Mutoro wepamwe uye wepamwe zvinoreva kuti mumwe nemumwe anogona kuteverwa zvachose - kuratidzwa kwakakomba mumatare eboka, kwakakodzera kukwikwidzana nekukurumidza neumboo hwezvakagamuchirwa nemutori wega wega. Hazvisi zvekukanganisa: kupomerwa kunofanirwa kuratidza kuti avo vanobatanidzwa vaishanda sechikamu chehupfumi. Kana chikamu ichocho, kana kuti midziyo yakajairika, isipo, dare rinopa mukana wacho zvichienderana nekuti wakaguma kupi chaizvo.
Kuderedza
Dare rinogona kuisa mari yakaderera pane mukana unofungidzirwa, zvichienderana nechikumbiro chemupomerwi kana kuti nechikumbiro charo, richitarisa kugona kuripo uye kunofanoonekwa kwekubhadhara. Kusakwanisa kubhadhara inyaya inongotaurwa pakutongwa kwenyaya, kwete gare gare chete.
Kureba kwakanyanya kwenyaya inzira yechipiri: kana vimbiso yenguva yakakodzera yemutemo. 6 ECHR ikatyorwa, mari yacho inoderedzwa. Hurongwa hwacho ndehwe HR 17 Chikumi 2008, ECLI:NL:HR:2008:BD2578, iyo inoratidza kuti kudzikiswa kunoshanda sei munyaya dzekutorwa kwemhosva.
Kuderedzwa kana kukanganwirwa kunogonawo kukumbirwa kudare panguva yekumanikidzwa kwemutemo, pasi pechinyorwa 6:6:26 Sv.
Kumanikidzwa kwemutemo, uye kusungwa kusingabhadhare chikwereti
Kana gwaro rapera, mari yacho inotorwa kubva mukutonga uye inogara iripo. Matanho ekubhadhara anogoneka, kudzoserwa kwemari kunotevera mitemo yehurumende, uye midziyo iri pasi pemutemo wekudzivirira inoiswa pachikwereti.
Kana muripo usina kubhadharwa, muchuchisi anogona kukumbira kudare kuti apihwe gijzeling — kusungwa kwechisimba — pasi pechinyorwa. 6:6:25 Sv. Pasi pechinyorwa. 36e Sr dare rinogadza nguva yepamusoro pakuisa murairo, wakaverengerwa nekutarisa mari yacho, zvichienderana nemutemo wepamusoro wemakore matatu. Zvinhu zviviri zvinokosha:
- Kumanikidza, kwete kuranga: nzira yekumanikidza munhu anogona kubhadhara asi asingazobhadhara.
- Hazvidzimi chikwereti. Kusiyana nemutongo wekutadza kupihwa mhosva unotsiva faindi, kushumira mutongo we gijzeling Mubhadharo unosara usina kubhadharwa. Munhu anobhadhara mari yakawanda achiri kukwereta mari yacho yese.
Ndosaka zvikwereti zvekutorwa zvichitevera vanhu kwemakumi emakore, uye nei zvichifanira kurwiswa padanho rekufungidzira kwete padanho rekuunganidza.
Mapato echitatu: makambani, vakaroorana nevakweretesi
Kana pfuma yako yabatwa nekutorwa kwechinhu chakanangana nemumwe munhu, nzira yacho ndiyo imwe chete yekunyunyuta pasi pechikamu 552a Sv, chakaiswa semunhu ane hanya. Dare rinofanira kufunga, risati rasarudza, kana mumwe munhu kunze kwemunyunyuti achifanira kuonekwa semunhu ane hanya.
Kuedzwa kwemunhu wechitatu achitaura kuti ndiye muridzi wechinhu chakatorwa pasi pechinyorwa. 94a Sv iri kuda: muECLI:NL:HR:2010:BL2823 Dare Repamusorosoro rakazvitaura sekunge hazvina mubvunzo kuti munyunyuti ndiye muridzi.
- A company ane maakaundi kana masheya akavharwa nekuti director anofungidzirwa kuti ndiye anofanira kunyora nezvekusiyana kwemidziyo yekambani uye kukuvara kwebhizinesi.
- Mukadzi kana mudiwa inofanira kutaura nezvenyaya yepfuma yewanano: pasi pehurongwa hwepfuma, nharo yekuti pfuma "ndeyavo" chete yakaoma zvikuru.
- Mukweretesi kana bato rakachengetedzwa inofanira kuburitsa magwaro echikwereti nekukasika; nzvimbo yekuchengetedzwa yakanyorwa, iripo, yakareba seyakareba seyakare, ndiyo nyaya yakasimba kwazvo yebato rechitatu iripo.
Mutero uye chikumbiro chemunhu anenge abatwa
Mutero. Mari inowanikwa haibvisi mutero nekuti yakawanikwa zvisiri pamutemo; vane masimba emitero vanogona kuiongorora vasina mhosva, uye kuchinjana ruzivo pakati pezviviri izvi kwakajairika. Mutemo wekutorwa kwemari uye kuongororwa kwemitero pamari imwe chete kunogona kusvika pamwe chete, saka nzvimbo dzemhosva, dzekutorwa kwemari uye dzemitero dzinofanira kurongeka kubva pakutanga: zvibvumirano mune imwe forum zvinoverengwa mune dzimwe. Kubhadhara mutemo hakuunzi zororo kune rumwe rutivi rwemutero zvakare: art. 3.14 yeIncome Tax Act 2001 (Wet IB 2001) inobvisa zviri pachena faindi nemari dzakabhadharwa pasi pemutemo wekutorwa kwemari kubva pakubviswa kwemari yebhizinesi.
Munhu akakuvadzwa. Kutorwa kwemhosva kutsiva, kwete chirango chechipiri, uye Hurumende haiunganidzi mari yakapetwa kaviri pane imwe chete. Art. 36e Sr inoti mari inopihwa vanhu vakakuvadzwa, uye zvisungo zvekubhadhara Hurumende kuti ibatsirwe, zvinobviswa kubva pamari yekutorwa. Kana munhu akakuvadzwa apinda mumatare emhosva, mubhadharo iwoyo unofanira kuunzwa mukuverenga nemaune.
Tsamba pamusoro peMutemo weMaitiro emhosva uri kuuya
Bhuku reWetboek van Strafvordering rakagadziriswazve rakapasiswa neSeneti musi wa24 Kukadzi 2026 uye rakaburitswa muStaatsblad musi wa13 Kurume 2026. Rinotanga kushanda pazuva rakatarwa nemutemo wehumambo, uye hurongwa ndehwekuti mitemo yekugadzwa uye mitemo yekuwedzera zvese zvinotanga kushanda panguva imwe chete pane kuti bhuku nebhuku. Zuva rakatarwa nehurumende parizvino i1 Kubvumbi 2029, asi kusvika mutemo iwoyo waitwa hapana chinoshanduka. Zvese zviri pamusoro zvakanyorwa paMutemo unoshanda nhasi. Kunyorwa kwenhamba dzezvinyorwa kuchachinja; chinhu chinotarisirwa kupfuudzwa.
Kana midziyo yakatorwa, tarisai pakarepo kana nzvimbo yacho iri yepamutemo. 94 Sv kana kuti yepamutemo. 94a Sv, torai uye tarisai zvinyorwa zvemvumo nekutora, uye gadzirai mufananidzo wezvemari — mari yepamutemo, zvikwereti, zvipo, midziyo yekunze — mushumo usati wanyorwa pane kuti uitwe mushure mezvo. Magwaro edu emutemo wemhosva anotsanangura maitiro akafara, uye timu yedu yekudzivirira mhosva inoshanda mukunyunyuta kwekutora uye kutora zvinhu kubva pazuva rekutanga rekuferefeta.
Mapurisa anogona kutora account yangu yebhangi here ndisati ndapomerwa mhosva?
Ehe. Kubatwa kwemhosva pasi pechinyorwa. 94a Sv kunobva pakufungira, kwete pakupomerwa kana kupiwa mhosva, uye kunoda mvumo yemutongi ari kuferefeta pasi pechinyorwa. 103 Sv. Mari dziri mubhangi ikodzero dzepfuma uye dzinowira mukati metsananguro yezvinhu. Haufanire kumirira kutongwa kuti uzvipikise: kunyunyuta pasi pechinyorwa. 552a Sv inogona kuiswa ipapo ipapo uye inonzwikwa mumakamuri.
Mari yekutorwa kwechinhu inoverengwa sei?
Dare rinoongorora mukana wekushandisa humbowo zviri pamutemo, kazhinji kubva pamushumo wevaongorori. Rinogona kuverenga kutengeserana nekutengeserana, kana kushandisa nzira dzisinganzwisisike - chirevo chemari chinoenzanisa mari inopinda nemari inobuda, kana kuenzanisa midziyo pakutanga nekupera kwenguva. Mari dzine chekuita nekuita mhosva inogona kubviswa; mari yekurarama uye faindi hadzigone kubhadharwa.
Mutemo wekuratidza humbowo wakafanana here newekuratidza kuti munhu ane mhosva?
Kwete, uye uyu ndiwo musiyano mukuru. Kutongwa kunoda humbowo hwepamutemo uye hunogutsa. Mutemo wekutorwa kwechinhu unoda kuti dare riongorore mukana wekushandisa humbowo hwepamutemo, izvo zviri muganho wakaderera zvikuru. Munyaya dzekutorwa kwechinhu kwenguva refu, dare rinogonawo kushanda kubva pakufungidzira nezvemakore matanhatu ekushandisa nekutenga, zvichikusiya uchitarisira mari yako.
Chii chinoitika kana ndisingakwanise kubhadhara?
Wedzera kusakwanisa kubhadhara pakutongwa kwemhosva yekutorwa kwemhosva: dare rinogona kuisa mari shoma zvichienderana nekukwanisa kwako kubhadhara ikozvino uye kwaunogona kuwana. Panguva yekumanikidzwa kwemhosva, kuderedzwa kana kukanganwirwa mhosva kunogonawo kukumbirwa kudare. Kusaita chero chinhu ndiyo sarudzo yakaipa, nekuti muchuchisi anogona kukumbira kusungwa nekumanikidzwa, uye kuishanda hakubhadhare chikwereti.
Zvinhu zvekambani yangu zvakamiswa nekuda kwemumwe wangu webhizinesi. Ndingaitei?
Isa chichemo pasi pechinyorwa. 552a Sv semunhu ane hanya nazvo. Chikamu. 94a Sv chinobvumira kutorwa kwepfuma yemunhu wechitatu chete kana paine mamiriro akasimba ane chekuita nekwakabva zvinhu, chinangwa chekukanganisa kudzorerwa kwezvinhu, uye ruzivo rwemunhu wechitatu. Kuedzwa kwemuridzi wezvinhu kune vanhu vechitatu kunoda, saka buritsa magwaro epanguva iyoyo - maakaundi, makondirakiti, kuchengetedzwa - nekukasika.
Kuenda kujeri nekuda kwemhosva iyi kunogumisa chikumbiro chemari here?
Kwete. Mutongo nemurairo wekutorwa kwemhosva zvakasiyana. Kutorwa kwemhosva inzira yekutsiva inoiswa mumaitiro ayo pasi pechikamu 511b kusvika 511i Sv uye inogadzira chikwereti kuHurumende chinopona mutongo wacho. Kusungwa nekumanikidzwa nekuda kwekusabhadhara hakubvisiwo futi. Mhinduro dzinogara kwenguva refu ndedzekufungidzira kwakaderera, kudzikiswa, kugadziriswa, kana muripo.
