Wese mushandi wekambani anofanira kukwanisa kushanda zvakachengeteka uye zvine hutano.
The Working Conditions Act (yakawedzera kupfupikiswa seArbowet) chikamu cheOccupational Health and Safety Act, iyo ine mitemo uye nhungamiro yekusimudzira nharaunda yekushanda yakachengeteka. The Working Conditions Act ine zvisungo izvo vashandirwi nevashandi vanofanirwa kutevedzera. Izvi zvinoshanda kunzvimbo dzese dzinoitwa basa (saizvozvowo kumasangano nenheyo uye kune vashandi venguva pfupi uye vanochinja-chinja, vashandi vekufona, uye vanhu vari pa0-awa makondirakiti). Mushandirwi wekambani ane basa rekuona kutevedzerwa neOccupational Health and Safety Act mukati mekambani.
Matanho matatu
Mitemo yemamiriro ekushanda yakakamurwa kuita nhanho nhatu: iyo Working Conditions Act, Working Conditions Decree, uye Working Conditions Regulations.
- Iyo Occupational Health uye Safety Act inoumba hwaro uye zvakare mutemo wehurongwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti haina mitemo ine ngozi chaiyo. Sangano rega rega uye chikamu chinogona kusarudza mashandisiro ayo ehutano & chengetedzo mutemo uye kuiisa pasi muhutano & kuchengetedza kabhuku. Nekudaro, iyo Working Conditions Decree uye Working Conditions Regulations inotsanangura yakatarwa mitemo.
- The Working Conditions Decree itsanangudzo yeWorking Conditions Act. Rine mitemo inofanirwa kutevedzerwa nevashandirwi nevashandi kuti varwisane nenjodzi dzepabasa. Iinewo mitemo yakananga yezvikamu zvakasiyana uye zvikamu zvevashandi.
- The Health and Safety Order iri zvakare kumwe kutsanangurwa kweChirevo cheHutano neKuchengetedzeka. Inosanganisira mitemo yakadzama. Semuyenzaniso, izvo zvinodikanwa zvinofanirwa kusangana nemidziyo yebasa kana kuti sevhisi yehutano nekuchengetedzeka inofanirwa kuita sei mabasa ayo emutemo. Iyi mitemo inosungirwawo kune vashandirwi nevashandi.
Utano uye chengetedzo katarogu
Mubhuku rehutano nekuchengetedzeka, vashandirwi nemasangano evashandi vanotsanangura zvibvumirano zvakabatana pamusoro pekuti (vachaita) kutevedzera sei mitemo yehurumende yekushanda kune hutano uye kwakachengeteka. Chirevo chinotarirwa chiyero chiri mumutemo icho makambani anofanirwa kutevedzera - semuenzaniso, iyo yakanyanya ruzha mwero. Rondedzero yacho inotsanangura matekiniki nenzira, maitiro akanaka, mabara, uye nhungamiro inoshanda yekushanda kwakachengeteka uye ine hutano uye inogona kuitwa padanho rebazi kana kambani. Vashandirwi nevashandi vane basa rezvirimo uye kugovera kwehutano nekuchengetedza catalog.
Mabasa evashandirwi
Pazasi pane rondedzero yemabasa ese uye zvinosungirwa kune vashandirwi zvinosanganisirwa mumutemo. Zvibvumirano zvakanangana pamabasa aya zvinogona kusiyana kubva kune rimwe sangano uye indasitiri kune imwe.
- Wese mushandirwi anofanirwa kuve nechibvumirano nevehutano nekuchengetedza sevhisi kana chiremba wekambani: kondirakiti yekutanga. Vashandi vese vanofanirwa kuwana chiremba wekambani, uye kambani yega yega inofanirwa kushanda nachiremba wekambani. Mukuwedzera, vashandi vose vanogona kukumbira maonero echipiri kubva kune chiremba wekambani. Kondirakiti yekutanga pakati pemushandirwi nevebasa rehutano nekuchengetedzeka pabasa kana chiremba wekambani inotaura kuti ndeapi mamwe masevhisi ehutano nekuchengetedzwa kwevashandi kana chiremba wekambani anogona kubvunzwa kuti awane imwe pfungwa.
- Chinja dhizaini yenzvimbo dzebasa, nzira dzekushanda, midziyo yebasa inoshandiswa, uye zvemukati zvebasa kune hunhu hwevashandi zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune vashandi vane zvimiro uye zvekushanda zvisingakwanisi nekuda kwehurwere, semuenzaniso.
- Mushandirwi anofanira kudzikamisa basa risingaite uye rinomhanya zvakanyanya sezvinobvira ('zvinogona kudikanwa).
- Mushandirwi anofanira kudzivirira uye kudzikisira tsaona huru dzinosanganisira zvinhu zvine njodzi sezvinobvira, mushandirwi.
- Vashandi vanofanira kugamuchira ruzivo uye mirairo. Ruzivo nedzidzo zvinogona kuve zvine chekuita nekushandiswa kwemidziyo yebasa kana midziyo yekuzvidzivirira, asiwo mabatirwo anoitwa hutsinye nemhirizhonga, uye kushungurudzwa kwepabonde mukambani.
- Mushandirwi anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuzivisa uye kunyoreswa kwetsaona dzepabasa nezvirwere.
- Mushandirwi ane basa rekudzivirira njodzi kune vechitatu mapato maererano nebasa revashandi. Vashandirwi vanogonawo kutora inishuwarenzi nekuda kwechinangwa ichi.
- Mushandirwi anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuvandudzwa uye kuitwa kwemutemo wehutano nekuchengetedza. Iyo hutano nekuchengetedza mutemo chirongwa chakadzama chekuita chinotsanangura kuti makambani anogona kubvisa sei njodzi. Nemutemo wehutano nekuchengetedza, unogona kugara uchiratidza kuti danho rakachengeteka uye rine mutoro riri kutorwa mukati mekambani. Gwaro rehutano & chengetedzo rinosanganisira kutariswa kwenjodzi uye kuongororwa (RI&E), mutemo wezororo rekurwara, mukati meimba yekupindura emergency service (BH) V, kudzivirira, uye PAGO.
- Mushandirwi anofanira kurekodha njodzi dzevashandi vekambani mune yenjodzi inventory uye evaluation (RI&E). Izvi zvinorevawo kuti vashandi vanodzivirirwa sei panjodzi idzi. Huwandu hwakadaro hunotaura kana hutano nekuchengeteka zviri mungozi, semuenzaniso, kusagadzika kwescaffolding, njodzi yekuputika, nharaunda ine ruzha, kana kushanda nguva refu pamonitor. Iyo RI&E inofanirwa kuendeswa kune vezvehutano nekuchengetedzwa kwebasa kana nyanzvi yakasimbiswa kuti iongororwe.
- Chikamu cheRI&E Chirongwa Chekuita. Izvi zvinoburitsa izvo kambani iri kuita nezveaya ane njodzi zvakanyanya. Izvi zvingasanganisira kupa midziyo yokuzvidzivirira nayo, kutsiva michina inokuvadza, uye kupa mashoko akanaka.
- Kunoshanda vanhu, kusaenda nekuda kwehurwere kunogonawo kuitika. Mukati mehurongwa hwekuenderera mberi kwebhizinesi, mushandirwi anofanirwa kutsanangura kuti kusavapo nekuda kwehurwere kunoitwa sei mugwaro rekurwara rekurwara. Kuita chirongwa chezororo rekurwara ibasa repamutemo rinonyatsotsanangurwa kune mushandirwi uye rinotaurwa zvakajeka muWorking Conditions Decree (art. 2.9). Sekureva kwechinyorwa ichi, arbodienst anopa zano kuitisa yakarongeka, yakarongeka, uye yakakwana mamiriro ekushanda uye chirongwa chezororo rekurwara. Iyo arbodienst inofanirwa kubatsira mukuitwa kwayo, ichitora nhoroondo yeakasiyana mapoka evashandi.
- Semuenzaniso, vashandi vekukurumidzira mumba (FAFS maofficial) vanopa rubatsiro rwekutanga mutsaona kana moto. Mushandirwi anofanira kuona kuti pane akakwana maFAFS maofficial. Anofanirawo kuona kuti vanokwanisa kuita mabasa avo nemazvo. Hapana zvakakosha zvekudzidziswa zvinodiwa. Mushandirwi anogona kutora mabasa emumba-yekukurumidza mhinduro iye pachake. Anofanira kugadza mushandi mumwe chete kuti amutsive kana asipo.
- Vashandirwi vanosungirwa kudoma mumwe wevashandi vavo semukuru wekudzivirira. Mukuru wezvekudzivirira anoshanda mukati mekambani - kazhinji pamusoro pebasa ravo 'renguva dzose' - kubatsira kudzivirira njodzi uye kurovha. Mabasa emutemo emukuru anodzivirira anosanganisira: (co-) kudhirowa nekuita RI&E, kupa zano nekushanda pamwe chete nekanzuru yebasa/vamiriri vevashandi pamitemo yemamiriro ekushanda akanaka, nekupa mazano nekushanda pamwe chete nachiremba wekambani uye humwe hutano hwebasa. uye vanopa masevhisi ekuchengetedza. Mushandirwi anogona kushanda semukuru wekudzivirira kana kambani ine vashandi makumi maviri neshanu kana vashoma.
- Mushandirwi anofanira kubvumidza mushandi kuti aende kunoongororwa hutano hwepanguva (PAGO). Sezvineiwo, mushandi haasungirwe kutora chikamu mune izvi.
Iyo Netherlands Labor Inspectorate
Iyo Netherlands Labor Inspectorate (NLA) inogara ichiongorora kana vashandirwi nevashandi vachitevedzera mitemo yehutano nekuchengetedza. Chinonyanya kukosha chavo chiri pamamiriro ezvinhu ebasa anokonzera njodzi huru dzehutano. Kana ikatyorwa, iyo NLA inogona kuisa matanho akati wandei, kubva payambiro kusvika kumaricho kana kumisa basa.
Kukosha kwehutano nekuchengetedza mutemo
Kuve nekuita chirongwa chakatsanangurwa zvakajeka chehutano nekuchengetedza kwakakosha. Izvi zvinodzivirira hutano husina kunaka uye zvinobatsira mukushandika kwakasimba uye kubudirira kwevashandi. Kana mushandi akakuvadzwa nekuda kwebasa, anogona kuita kuti kambani iwane mhosva uye kuti aripe muripo. Mushandirwi anofanira kuzokwanisa kuratidza kuti yakaita zvese zvinogoneka - mukushanda nehupfumi - kudzivirira kukuvara uku.
Unoda kuziva maitiro ekushandisa iyo Occupational Health uye Safety Act mukati mekambani yako? Yedu magweta emabasa vanofara kupindura mibvunzo yenyu. Isu tinokwanisa kuongorora njodzi yekambani yako uye nekukupa zano kuti ungadzideredza sei.