MuNetherlands, vakaroorana vane nzira mbiri dziri pedyo-dzakaenzana dzekugadzirisa hukama hwavo: kuroorana uye kunyoreswa kwekubatana (geregistreerd partnerschap). Ose ari maviri anogadzira chisungo chinozivikanwa zviri pamutemo chine dzinenge kodzero nemabasa akafanana, sekuve vadyi venhaka zviri pamutemo, kushandiswa kwesurname yemumwe munhu kunobvira, mitemo yezvivakwa, uye zvisungo zvekuchengetana. Mukuita, musimboti musiyano hausi iwo mamiriro pachawo asi mamwe maitiro- mapindiro aunopedza hukama - uye mabatirwo ahunoitwa kunze kweNetherlands.
Gwaro iri rakagadzirirwa kukubatsira kusarudza nechivimbo. Inofananidza kukodzera, matanho, zvinyorwa, nguva uye mari; chii chinoitika pamhemberero; hurongwa hwe "limited community of property" uye nzira yekubuda nayo nemunyori; kuti zvikwereti, zvipo nenhaka zvinobatwa sei; mazita, vagari venhaka uye penjeni yevamwe; mitemo yakapoteredza vana (vabereki, kuchengetwa, kugamuchirwa); mutero, kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu uye immigration migumisiro; kuzivikanwa pasi rose; kupedza hukama (kusanganisira kana dare richidiwa); kushandura pakati pemafomu; kuti mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa unosiyana sei nechibvumirano chekugara pamwe chete; zvinowanzoitika misungo; uye nguva yekutsvaka mazano ezvemutemo. Chekutanga: kukurumidza pa-a-kutarisa muchidimbu.
At-a-glance: akakosha kufanana uye kusiyana
MuNetherlands, muchato uchipikisana nemubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa: chii chakasiyana? Kunyanya, iwo ari pedyo-akaenzana. Misiyano chaiyo iri pakuti unopinda sei nekupedza hukama uye kuti dzimwe nyika dzinozvibata sei.
- Zvakafanana (muNL): Mamiriro emutemo uye mabasa (vadyi venhaka, maintenance); chiziviso kukanzuru ≥14 mazuva; 2–4 zvapupu; default limited limited community of property; sarudzo yekugadzirisa mazwi kune notary.
- Yakasiyana (kuguma): Wanano nguva dzose inoda dare; mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa unogona kupera kunze kwedare kana mose mabvumirana uye musina vana vadiki.
- Yakasiyana (mhemberero): Wanano inoda kuti “hongu”; mubatanidzwa unopedzwa nekusaina chibvumirano.
- Yakasiyana (chinamato): Chikomborero chechitendero chinongotevera muchato wehurumende; mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa hauna kukomborerwa.
- Yakasiyana (kunze): Kuroorana kunozivikanwa zvikuru; kudyidzana hakugone kugamuchirwa kune dzimwe nyika.
Kukodzera: ndiani anogona kuroora kana kunyoresa mubatanidzwa muNetherlands
MuNetherlands, muchato uye mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa zvinogovera mitemo yakafanana yekukodzera. Kana ukasangana nezvisungo izvi, unogona kuroora kana kunyoresa kudyidzana kwako nekanzuru; mitemo inoshanda zvakaenzana kune varume nevakadzi vakasiyana-siyana.
- Vese vari vaviri vane 18+.
- Kana mumwe akatoroora/kufambidzana.
- Kwete hama dzepedyo (semuenzaniso, mubereki-mwana kana vanin'ina; vakoma vanobvumidzwa).
- Kukwanisa pfungwa kwakakwana; pasi pekuchengetwa kunoda mvumo yemutariri.
- Anenge mudiwa mumwechete ichizvarwa chechiDutch kana kuti anogara zviri pamutemo muNetherlands.
Maitiro ekutarisisa: matanho, zvinyorwa, nguva uye mutengo
Michato nemubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa zvinotevera nzira imwechete yemanisipala. Iwe unoisa chiziviso chechinangwa (melding/ondertrouw) angangoita mazuva gumi nemana pachine nguva — kazhinji pamhepo — wozopedzisa pazuva rakasarudzwa. Chiziviso chine nguva-inogumira, saka ronga zvinyorwa uye logistics nekukurumidza.
- matanho: Faira chiziviso (≥14 mazuva), sarudza zuva/nzvimbo, gadza zvapupu 2–4, sangana nemunyori, uye pedzisa chiitiko chehurumende pazuva.
- Zvinyorwa (zvinosiyana): Passport / ID, chitupa chekuzvarwa, vasati varoora / kurambana / rekodhi yerufu, mafomu ezvapupu, chitupa chekusina chipingamupinyi; magwaro ekunze angangoda apostille/kunyoreswa zviri pamutemo uye kududzira mhiko yechiDutch.
- Nguva & mari: Chiziviso chinoshanda kusvika kune 1 gore; chiziviso pachacho ndechemahara. Mhemberero, registrar, nzvimbo uye mubhadharo wemagwaro zvinoenderana nekanzuru; mubhadharo wevanyori unoshanda kune prenuptial / kudyidzana mamiriro.
Mhemberero nemaitiro: mhiko, zvapupu uye maropafadzo echitendero
Pamhemberero yevagari vemo, munyori wemabhuku anogadza mubatanidzwa. Pamuchato, unofanira kuti “hongu” (“ja”); kune mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa, kusaina gwaro rinokwana. Mune ese ari maviri, 2-4 zvapupu zvevakuru zvinodiwa. Mhemberero dzinoitika pahoro yeguta kana imwe nzvimbo yakatenderwa. Zvikomborero zvechitendero zvinobvumirwa chete mushure mewanano yehurumende; kunyoreswa kudyidzana hakuna kukomborerwa.
Property regime: nharaunda shoma yemidziyo nekusarudzika
Kubva 1 Ndira 2018, vese vakaroora uye vakanyoreswa mubatanidzwa default ku limited community of property (kunze kwekunge iwe uchibvumirana neimwe nzira nenotary). Mukutonga uku, haugovani zvese. Nharaunda inosanganisira zvinhu uye zvikwereti zvaunowana panguva yehukama uye chero chinhu chawaive nacho mese kare. Kunze kwenharaunda rambai midziyo nezvikwereti zvanga zviri zvenyu chete musati maroorana/kudyidzana, pamwe nezvipo nenhaka, kunze kwekunge mupi kana kuti ataura zvakasiyana. Michato isati yasvika 2018 yaive munharaunda yese kunze kwekunge yaita kondirakiti.
Kubuda: prenuptial kana kudyidzana mamiriro ane notary
Haudi here the default limited community of property? Kunyangwe ukasarudza wanano kana kudyidzana kwakanyoreswa, unogona kubuda nekuva negwaro remutemo rinonyora zvitemo zvepamberi pemuchato (huwelijkse voorwaarden) kana zvisungo zvekudyidzana (partnerschapsvoorwaarden). Unogona kuvasaina usati wagadzirisa hukama kana gare gare sekuchinja kwemashure. Aya mazwi echiziviso anokutendera kuti ugadzirise izvo zvakagovaniswa uye maitiro ekugadzirisa mari kana iwe ukapatsanura.
- Usasanganisa zvinhu/zvikwereti: Chengetedza midziyo yebhizinesi kana mari yakaparadzana.
- Gadzirisa mari Bvumiranai zvikamu zvenguva nenguva kana zvekupedzisira zvekugadzirisa.
- Gadzirisa kugovera: Tsanangura migove isina kuenzana kana mipiro yemutengo.
Zvikwereti, zvipo uye nhaka: chii chinoramba chakaparadzana
Pasi peDutch default limited nharaunda yezvivakwa, hazvisi zvese zvakabatanidzwa. Zvanga zviri zvako chete musati maroorana kana mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa kazhinji zvinoramba zviri zvenyu, uye zvimwe chetezvo zvinoshanda kuzvipo nenhaka zvakatambirwa musati mave kana mukati mehukama—kunze kwekunge mupi kana achizotaura zvakasiyana. Zvinhu uye zvikwereti zvaunowana pamwechete panguva yehukama, uye zvinhu zvaunenge watova nazvo, zvinowira munharaunda. Kana iwe uchida kupatsanurwa kwakasiyana, zvirekodhe kune gweta uye chengeta magwaro akajeka kutsvaga midziyo yakaparadzana.
- Kugara kwakasiyana: Yako pre-hukama midziyo uye zvikwereti.
- Gara wakaparadzana (nekusagadzika): Zvipo nenhaka (pamberi uye panguva), kunze kwekunge zvatemwa neimwe nzira.
- Yakagovaniswa neyakagadzika: Zvinhu uye zvikwereti zvakawanikwa panguva yehukama, pamwe neagara aripo zvinhu zvakabatana.
- Tsika: Notarial mamiriro anogona kusabvisa zvinhu kana kuseta bespoke kugadzirisa mitemo.
Mazita, vadyi venhaka nepenjeni dzevadyidzani
Kunyangwe ukasarudza muchato kana mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa, mutemo wechiDutch unokubata zvakafanana pane aya mapoinzi. Unogona kushandisa surname yemudiwa wako, uye muri vadyi venhaka yemumwe nemumwe-zvakakosha panhaka uye sarudzo dzehama. Misiyano yasara inowanzobva kune zvakati hurongwa uye masangano kwete fomu remutemo raunosarudza.
- Penjeni yevamwe: Vanopa vanogadzira mitemo yavo. Vakaroorana uye vakanyoreswa vadiwa vanowanzo zivikanwa sevanokodzera vanokodzera (kazhinji mushure mekunge mavazivisa / kuvanyoresa). Vakaroorana vanogarisana vanowanzoda chibvumirano chekugara pamwe chete kuti vakwanise.
Vana: mubereki, kuchengetwa uye kurerwa
Kune vana, muchato uye mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa zvinobatwa zvakafanana pasi pemutemo weDutch. Amai vekubereka vanogara vari mubereki wepamutemo. Hubereki hwemumwe mudiwa zviri pamutemo hunoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu (semuenzaniso, bonde revadikani, biological link, donor status) uye zvingada kubvuma kana kurerwa nemubereki wenhanho. Kana vose vari vabereki vepamutemo, chiremera chevabereki chakabatana chinoshanda.
- Amai vekubereka: Otomatiki mubereki wemwana zviri pamutemo.
- Mumwe mubatsiri Kuva mubereki zviri pamutemo kunogona kuita otomatiki kana kuda kubvuma/kurerwa, zvichienderana nezviri kuitika.
- Kuchengeta/mvumo: Vakaroorana/vakanyoreswa vakaroorana vane masimba akabatanidzwa kana vose vari vabereki vari pamutemo; vagari vemo vanofanira kunyoresa masimba.
- Kubvumirwa: Vakaroorana uye vakanyoreswa vadiwa vanotevedzera nzira dzakafanana dzekurera; zvinhu zvekuyambuka muganhu zvinoenderana nemutemo wekunze uye kuzivikanwa.
Mitero, kuchengetedzwa kwevanhu uye zvinorehwa nekubvakacha
Kukutonga kweDutch, muchato uye mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa zvinobatwa zvakangofanana. Mukuita, zvese zvinogadzika chimiro chemudiwa pamutero, mabhenefiti nepenjeni kana zvanyoreswa muBRP, kunyangwe mitemo yechirongwa chega chega ichiri kushanda. Apo "wanano vs. yakanyoreswa kudyidzana: chii chakasiyana?" zvinonyanya kukosha pano zviri kunze kweNetherlands uye mune zvakanangana nevanopa.
- Kudyidzana kwemari (mutero): Kazhinji otomatiki kune vakaroorana/vakanyoreswa vadyidzani uye zvinokanganisa kuti mari, mabvisiro uye maallowance zvingagoverwa sei. Tarisa Belastingdienst tsananguro.
- Benefits nesocial security: Masangano anowanzo cherechedza mafomu ese ari maviri semubatsiri; simbisa chero chekuwedzera kunyoresa zvinodiwa pachirongwa.
- Kupinda muNL (kugadzirisa): Vasiri zvizvarwa zvechiDutch vanoroora/vanonyoresa vangada humbowo hwekugara zviri pamutemo kana chirevo chemapurisa/IND; angangoita mudiwa mumwe chete anofanira kunge ari wechiDutch kana kuti anogara zviri pamutemo.
- Immigration kunze kwenyika: Dzimwe nyika hadzigamuchire kudyidzana kwakanyoreswa kwemavhiza kana kusanganazve kwemhuri; muchato ungadiwa.
Kuzivikanwa kwenyika dzese uye nyaya dzekuyambuka muganhu
Pano, muchato vs. kunyoreswa mubatanidzwa: chii musiyano chinonyanya kukosha. Muchato wechiDutch unozivikanwa munyika yose; mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa haungagamuchirwi kana kuti ungave nemhedzisiro shoma kunze kwenyika. Izvi zvinogona kukanganisa mavhiza/kusanganazve kwemhuri, nhaka, kodzero dzezvivakwa, mafirita emutero, uye chimiro chevabereki. Kana uchitarisira kugara, kushanda, kana kugara nhaka mhiri kwemiganhu, wanano kazhinji inoderedza kupokana.
- Nyoresa michato yekune dzimwe nyika / kudyidzana muDutch BRP mushure mekusimbiswa (apostille / pamutemo) uye, kana zvichidikanwa, kududzira mhiko.
- Usati watama kana kunyorera kutamira kune dzimwe nyika, simbisa mamiriro emunyika yaunogamuchira pakudyidzana kwakanyoreswa.
- Chengetedza zvinyorwa zvakasimbiswa zviri nyore; zvimwe zviremera zvinoda makopi matsva, emitauro yakawanda.
Kupedza hukama: nzira dzekuparadza uye kana dare richidikanwa
Maitiro aunoita hukama ndeimwe yemisiyano yakajeka muNetherlands. Muchato unopera chete nedare (kurambana) Kudyidzana kwakanyoreswa kunogona kugumiswa kunze kwedare kana mese muchibvumirana uye musina mwana ari pasi pemakore gumi nemasere; kana zvisina kudaro, mutongi anodiwa. Uyezve, "kuparadzaniswa kwepamutemo" kunowanikwa kune vakaroorana, asi kwete kune vakanyoreswa hukama.
- Muchato: Chirevo chedare chinodiwa nguva dzose.
- Kubatanidzwa kwakanyoreswa (hapana vadiki, kubvumirana): Inogona kupera pasina dare.
- Kubatanidzwa kwakanyoreswa (vana vadiki kana kusawirirana): Dare rinodiwa.
- Kuparadzaniswa kwemutemo: Zvinogoneka pakuroora; hazvigoneke kumubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa.
Sarudzo dzekushandura pakati pehukama hwakanyoreswa newanano
Vamwe vakaroorana vakatanga nemuchato wakanyoreswa gare gare vanoda muchato—somuenzaniso, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvechitendero kana kuti kuzivikanwa zviri nani kune imwe nyika. Nzira inoshanda yakarongwa nemunyori wekanzuru yako. Bvunza zvakananga kana mubatanidzwa wako uripo uchigona kuchinjwa kuva chinyorwa cheroorano mumamiriro ako ezvinhu, kana kuti unofanira kutanga wagumisa ruwadzano ndokuzoroora. Zvinodiwa uye zvinyorwa zvinogona kusiyana nemamiriro ezvinhu.
Kubatanidzwa kwakanyoreswa maringe nechibvumirano chekugara pamwe chete
A mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa inzvimbo yakarongeka yehurumende ine mhedzisiro yekuroora. Chibvumirano chekugara pamwe chete (samenlevingscontract) chibvumirano chega-chinowanzozivikanwa-chinodzora kugara pamwe chete asi chisingagadziri chimiro chekuroorana. Vakanyoreswa vadyidzani vanowana kuzivikanwa otomatiki, default limited limited nharaunda yezvivakwa, uye yakaenderana mitemo yevana. Vagari vemo vanofanira kuronga mazwi zvakajeka; penjeni yemudiwa inowanzoda chibvumirano che notarized; mubereki asina kuzvarwa anofanira kubvuma mwana uye kunyoresa kodzero yekuchengeta.
Maitiro ekusarudza: sarudzo yekutarisa uye mienzaniso yemuenzaniso
Kusarudza pakati pewanano uye mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa kunoenderana nezvako. MuNetherlands kodzero dziri pedyo-zvakafanana; paunobvunza "wanano vs. mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa: chii chakasiyana?", mabatiro makuru ndeyekuparara, kuropafadzwa kwechitendero, uye kugamuchirwa kwenyika dzese. Shandisa cheki ichi nekukurumidza kuti usarudze zvinoenderana nezvirongwa zvako. Zvivakwa nemapenjeni zvinogona kugadzirwa neanotarisi uye mupi mitemo.
- Hupenyu hwekuyambuka muganhu/mavhiza ekutanga? Sarudza muchato.
- Unoda chikomborero chechitendero? Sarudza muchato.
- Unoda kuguma kunze kwedare (pasina vana)? Kudyidzana.
- Need kupatsanurwa zviri pamutemo sarudzo? Muchato.
mienzaniso:
- Basa renyika dzese gore rinouya: Kuroora kuti uzivikanwe kunze kwenyika.
- Hapana vana, kubuda kuri nyore kunodiwa: Bhalisa mubatanidzwa.
Misungo yakajairika yekudzivisa
Kutarisisa kudiki kunogona kukunonotsa kana kudhura mari. Paunenge uchisarudza pakati pewanano uye kuroorana kwakanyoreswa, ronga maitirwo acho, magwaro epfuma, uye simbisa kuti zviremera nevanotarisira vachakubata sei—mumusha nokunze.
- Kuzivikanwa kune dzimwe nyika uye chitendero: Usafunga kuti mubatanidzwa unozivikanwa kunze kwenyika kana kuti unogona kuropafadzwa mune zvechitendero.
- Basic formalities: Usapotsa chiziviso chemazuva gumi nemana, zvapupu 2–4, kana kunyoreswa kweBRP kwezvitupa zvekunze.
- Mari uye kubuda: Usa darike zvirevo zvenotarial kana kutsvaga midziyo; usatarisire kumiswa kwedare nevana vadiki; usakanganwa kunyoreswa kwemudyandigere kana kubvuma kwemwana pazvinenge zvichidiwa.
Nguva yekutsvaga mazano emutemo
Tsvaka zano rakagadzirirwa kana mamiriro ako aine kuyambuka muganhu kana kutama; midziyo yakaoma (mabhizinesi, real estate, nhaka, zvikwereti) uye inoda bespoke notarial mazwi; vana (kubvuma, kuchengetwa, kurerwa); kupedza mubatanidzwa ne kusabvumirana kana vana vadiki; kana magwaro ekunze, maapostille uye kunyoresa michato yekune dzimwe nyika / kudyidzana.
Key tora kutora
MuNetherlands, muchato uye mubatanidzwa wakanyoreswa zvinounza zvinenge zvakafanana mhedzisiro yemutemo. Sarudzo yako inowanzo shandura marevhisi matatu: kuti ungapedza sei hukama, ungave uchida makomborero echitendero, uye kuti dzimwe nyika dzichakubata sei chimiro chako. Ronga nekukasika, chengeta humbowo hwekuti ndezvipi midziyo yakasiyana, uye wiriranisa mitemo yevanopa mari (penjeni/mabhenefiti) nechimiro chako. Kana uchitarisira kuyambuka muganhu, sarudza nzira inofamba zvakanyanya.
- Zvinhu: Kodzero nemabasa zviri pedyo-kufanana muNL.
- Imba: Default inharaunda ine mashoma; zvipo/nhaka zvinogara zvakaparadzana kunze kwekunge zvataurwa neimwe nzira.
- Customization: Shandisa notary kune prenuptial/partnership conditions.
- Kupedza: Wanano inoda dare; kudyidzana kunogona kupera kunze kwedare kana muchibvumirana uye musina vana vadiki.
- Chitendero: Ropafadzo anotevera muchato wehurumende; kwete yekudyidzana.
- Kunze kwenyika: Kuroorana kunozivikanwa zvikuru; kudyidzana kunogona kusave.
- Vana: Amai vokubereka mubereki ari pamutemo; mumwe mubereki angada kubvuma/kurerwa.
- Basics: 14-day chiziviso uye 2-4 zvapupu zvinodiwa.
Kuti uwane gwara rakarongedzerwa, rekuyambuka muganhu-ruzivo kana mepu yenzira yakanakira mhuri yako, taura nechikwata chedu chemitemo yemhuri yechiDutch pa Law & More.