Nhanganyaya: Chii chinonzi Kubiridzira uye Nei Kwakakosha kumunhu wese
zvichireva: Kubiridzira imhosva yakajairika muNetherlands umo matsotsi anonyengedza vanhu kuti vawane mari kana zvinhu zvinokosha. Mugwaro rino, iwe uchadzidza kuti hutsotsi chii chaizvo, kuti ungahuziva sei uye kuti ungazvidzivirira sei zvinobudirira. Kubiridzira imhosva uye kunogona kukonzera kutongwa. Vavariro yomunyengeri ndeyokuita mari kubva mukubiridzirwa kana kuti kubetserwa neimwe nzira. Basa remunhu anenge abatwa ndicho chinhu chakakosha pakuongorora hutsotsi. Mutoo unozivikanwa navose unoshandiswa namakororo ndewokufungidzira zviziviso zvenhema, uchiedzesera kuva mumwe munhu nokuda kwokunyengera vanyajambwa.
Zuva nezuva, mazana evanhu vechiDutch vanowira pasi pevanyengeri vari kuramba vachiwedzera kuoma musoro. Kubva paWhatsApp yekubiridzira kuenda kuhutsotsi hwekufambidzana, hutsotsi hwemazuva ano hunotora nzira dzakawanda uye hunogona kubata chero munhu. Vanhu vazhinji vanonzwa vachibiridzirwa mushure mekunge vabiridzirwa. Matsotsi ari kuramba achiwedzera hunyanzvi hwekunyepedzera maemail, mameseji, WhatsApp meseji uye tsamba kubva kumabhanga. Uyezve, ivo vari kuwedzera kuve nehunyanzvi hwekuzviita semabhangi. Kubiridzira pakupfimbana kunosanganisira vanobiridzira vanozviita vadiwa venhema panzvimbo dzekupfimbana kuti vawane mari. Vanyengeri vanowanzova nenguva pfupi yekurova, saka vanoshanda nekukurumidza uye nemazvo. Gwaro iri rinobata pfungwa dzakakosha dzekubiridzira, kuziva zviratidzo zvekunyevera, nzira dzekudzivirira uye zvekuita kana wabiridzirwa.
Simbiso yekukurumidza yezvaunodzidza: tsananguro dzepamutemo, kuzivikanwa kunoshanda, dziviriro inoshanda, uye zvirongwa zvechiito zvemamiriro ezvinhu anofungidzirwa. Hutsotsi hunogona kuitika kuburikidza nemaemail enhema, mameseji, uye tsamba. Mabhanga nemasangano anoshingairira kunyevera nezvemhando itsva dzekubiridzira kudzivirira vanhu kubva kumaitiro aya.
Kunzwisisa Kubiridzira: Mafungiro Akakosha uye Tsanangudzo
Tsanangudzo dzakakosha
Kubiridzira kunotsanangurwa zviri pamutemo muChikamu che326 cheCriminal Code senzira yakakomba yekunyengedza umo mupari wemhosva anoshandisa hunyengeri kuti anyengetedze mumwe munhu kuti ape mari, zvinhu kana kupinda muzvisungo. Kuti hutsotsi huitike, imwe yenzira dzekubiridzira dzakanyorwa muChikamu 326 cheCriminal Code inofanira kunge iripo, senge dandemutande remanyepo. Chinangwa nguva dzose ndechekuwana pfuma isiri pamutemo iwe pachako kana wechitatu mapato. Chinangwa chemukorovheri ndechekuita mari kubva mukubiridzirwa kana kubatsirwa neimwe nzira. MuNetherlands, kubiridzira kunotsanangurwa muChikamu 326 cheCriminal Code. MuBelgium, hutsotsi hunorangwa pasi peChinyorwa 496 cheCriminal Code.
Mazwi akafanana akakosha uye mazwi ane hukama:
- Kunyengera: Izwi rinowedzera kunyengedza nemaune
- Kunyengera: Kutsausa nechinangwa chekubiridzira
- Kubiridzira: Izwi risina kurongeka rehutsotsi
- Mano manomano: Izwi remutemo renzira dzinotsausa
Pro Tip: Hwisisa kuti vanobiridzira vanowanzo shandisa mazita enhema, zvitupa kana manyepo kuti vavimbe. Kuziva mapatani aya kunobatsira kukudzivirira. Kubiridzira kuburikidza nesocial media kunosanganisira kupihwa kwenhema kana kuedzesera vaunoziva kuti vabire data rako kana mari. Kubiridzira kweWhatsApp kunosanganisira kufona kwenhema kubva kumunhu anozivikanwa achikumbira mari. Bhengi rako harizombokukumbira ruzivo rwekupinda, makodhi ekuchengetedza kana kuendesa mari kune imwe account kuburikidza nemeseji, WhatsApp, email kana runhare.
Conceptual hukama
Kubiridzira kwakanangana ne:
- Cybercrime: Kubiridzira kwepamhepo kuburikidza neinternet uye social media
- Chitsotsi chekuzivikanwa: Kusashandiswa zvisina kunaka kwedata rako
- phishing: Digital kuedza kuba ruzivo rwekupinda. Phishing inzira yekuti matsotsi anobira ruzivo rwako kuburikidza nekubatanidza mune email yekunyepedzera kana meseji.
Mepu yehukama yakapfava: hunyengeri â†' kurasikirwa kwekuvimba â†' kupa mari/zvinhu â†' kukuvadzwa kwemari nepfungwa â†' kushuma uye rutsigiro
Nei kubiridzira kuri dambudziko guru muNetherlands
Kubiridzira kune mhedzisiro inoshamisa kune vatengi veDutch. Sekureva kweFraud Help Desk, vanhu vechiDutch vakarasikirwa nemari inodarika €500 miriyoni pahutsotsi hwepamhepo muna 2023 - kuwedzera kwe20% zvichienzaniswa negore rapfuura. Vanhu vanogadzira vane hunyanzvi hwebhizinesi hushoma ndivo vanonangwa nevanobiridzira. Mhosva inonyatsozivikanwa yekubiridzira inosanganisira kunyoresa kwefoni, apo mumwe munhu anomanikidzwa kutora zvinyorwa, mushure mokunge munyengeri anonyangarika nefoni.
Nhamba dzakakosha:
- Zvinopfuura zviuru makumi matatu nezvishanu zvehutsotsi muna 2023
- WhatsApp hutsotsi: avhareji kurasikirwa kwe2,400 pamunhu anenge abatwa
- Kubiridzira mari: avhareji kurasikirwa €12,000 pamunhu anenge abatwa
- 65% yemishumo yese ine chekuita nehutsotsi hwepamhepo
- Muzviitiko zvakawanda, vanobiridzira vanopa zvigadzirwa zvemanyepo, semagetsi emanyepo kana zvinhu zvisipo.
- Vanobatwa nemhosva vanogona kunge vaine kodzero yekuripwa kana mari yakawanda yakabiwa
Mhedzisiro yepfungwa inodarika kukanganisa kwemari. Vanotambudzwa vanowanzoona kunyadziswa, kurasikirwa kwekuvimba uye kushungurudzika mupfungwa. Masangano akadai seVictim Support Netherlands anoshuma kuti vanobiridzirwa vanoda tsigiro yenguva refu. Zvakajairika kushushikana mupfungwa mushure mekubiridzirwa.
Panyaya yekubiridzirwa pamusika, zvakajairika kuti vabirwa vabhadhare asi vasina kuwana chigadzirwa.
Pfupiso yemhando dzakajairika dzekubiridzira uye tafura yekuenzanisa
| Rudzi rwechitsotsi | How akunoita | Avhareji kurasikirwa | Zviratidzo zvinozivikanwa |
|---|---|---|---|
| WhatsApp chitsotsi | Fraudster anoedzesera kuva nhengo yemhuri iri munhamo | £2,400 | Nhamba isingazivikanwe, chikumbiro chekukurumidza chemari, kero yeemail yakasiyana |
| Investment fraud | Fake mapuratifomu ane purofiti yenhema | €12,000 | Kudzoka kwakakwirira, kumanikidzwa kuita nokukurumidza, mapuratifomu asina kunyorwa |
| Chitsotsi chekupfimbana | Romance scam kuburikidza nekufambidzana maapplication | €8,500 | Kukurumidza kuziviswa kwerudo, kukumbira mari, kuramba kusangana |
| Chitsotsi pamusika | Kushambadzira kwenhema, kubhadharwa kwepamberi | €800 | Mitengo isingaite, kubhadharwa kwepamberi chete, hapana ongororo |
| phishing | Maemail emanyepo kubva kumabhanga kana masangano ehurumende | €3,200 | Kero dzeemail dzinofungidzirwa, kukurumidza, zvinongedzo kune enhema mawebhusaiti, zvikumbiro zvekutumira makadhi ekubhengi kana kugovera ruzivo rwekadhi rechikwereti. |
| Advance muripo wekubiridzira | Zvipikirwa zvenhema mukutsinhana kwokubhadhara pachine nguva mberi | €1,500 | Zvipikirwa zvikuru, kubhadhara mberi, hapana vimbiso |
Yambiro zviratidzo: Dzvinyiriro yekuita nekukurumidza, zvikumbiro zveruzivo rwemunhu, mutauro kana kukanganisa zviperengo mumameseji, uye zvinopihwa zvinoita kunge zvakanyanya kunaka kuti zvisave chokwadi. Usafe wakadzvanya pane zvinongedzo mumaemail uye meseji aunogamuchira kubva kune wausingazive. 'Manomano ekutaura' anoreva vanhu vausingazivi vanoenda kune mumwe munhu kuti vavimbe naye vobva vaba zvinhu zvinokosha.
Mano Manomano: Iwo Matekiniki eScammers Akafumurwa
Manomano akangwara akangwara uye akaomarara anoshandiswa nevanobiridzira kuedza kunyengedza vavanobiridzira. Mazano aya anowanzova anogutsa zvokuti kunyange vanhu vakangwarira zvikuru vanogona kuawira. Vanobiridzira vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzemanomano, dzakadai sekutaura zita renhema, kuita sesangano rakavimbika, kana kunyora nyaya inovimbika inotamba manzwiro uye kuvimba.
Muhutsotsi hwepamhepo, manomano aya anogona kuonekwa mumaemail ephishing anoita seanobva kubhangi rako, kana muWhatsApp meseji kubva ku'shamwari' kana 'nhengo yemhuri' ichikumbira mari nekukurumidza. Vakakuvadzwa vanosvikwawo pasocial media uye kuburikidza nemeseji ine nyaya dzinoita sedzakanyanya kunaka kuti dzive dzechokwadi, kana nedambudziko rekukurumidzira rinoda kugadziriswa nekukurumidza nekuendesa mari.
Kuziva manomano aya kunotanga nekuziva. Gara uchizvibvunza kuti: nyaya iyi ine musoro here, mamiriro aya ane musoro here, uye ndinokwanisa here kuona kuti ndiani anotumira? Ngwarira zviratidzo zvakaita sezvikanganiso zvemutauro kana zviperengo, zvikumbiro zvisina kujairika zveruzivo rwemunhu, kana kumanikidzwa kuita nekukurumidza. Scammers tamba pane kuvimba kwako uye edza kukuita kuti utende kuti uri kubata nepati yakavimbika. Kupfurikidza nokungwarira marudzi aya okunyengera, unogona kudzivisa kuva nyajambwa wokubiridzirwa.
Ziva kuti vanobiridzira vanogara vachichinja maitiro avo. Naizvozvo, gara uchiziva nezvemhando dzichangoburwa dzekubiridzira pamhepo uye ugovane ruzivo rwako nevamwe. Nenzira iyi, iwe hausi kungozvidzivirira iwe pachako, asiwo avo vakakupoteredza kubva kune hunyengeri hunyengeri hwevanyengeri.
Nhanho-ne-Nhanho Nhungamiro yeZviviriro Pachako Pakubiridzira
Danho 1: Ziva zviratidzo zveyambiro
Rondedzero yemabhegi matsvuku:
- Mameseji asingatarisirwe kubva ku "mhuri" kuburikidza nenhamba isingazivikanwe
- Dzvinyiriro yekuendesa mari mukati menguva pfupi
- Zvikumbiro zvekugovana kadhi rebhangi, PIN kana ruzivo rwekupinda
- Maemail ane vatumiri vanofungidzirwa kunge bhangi rako
- Inopa ine mabhenefiti asiri echokwadi
- Usambofa wakapindura mameseji ekufungidzira kana runhare uchikumbira ruzivo rwemunhu kana mari
Muenzaniso scenario: Iwe unogamuchira meseji yeWhatsApp kubva kunhamba isingazivikanwe: "Mhoroi Amai, iyi inhamba yangu itsva. Foni yangu yabiwa. Mungaite £500 here? Ndichakubhadharai mangwana." Ichi chitsotsi chechat-up.
Zvekuita kana usina chokwadi: Mira, gara uchitarisa kuburikidza neimwe chiteshi (fonera iyo inozivikanwa nhamba), uye simbisa zvitupa usati waita.
Danho rechipiri: Shandisa matanho ekudzivirira
Kuchengetedzwa kwehunyanzvi: * Shandisa akasimba, akasiyana mapassword kune yega account
- Activate mbiri-chinhu chechokwadi pamaakaundi akakosha
- Isa yakanaka antivirus software uye uichengetedze inoenderana
- Shandisa zvinongedzo zvakachengeteka chete (https://) yekubhadhara
- Shandisa online banking pakombuta uye nhare mbozha ine software uye masisitimu ekuchengetedza anogara achigadziridzwa
- Shandisa mapassword akasimba, akasiyana akareba uye akaoma kunzwisisa, uye usashandise pasiwedhi imwechete kumaakaundi akasiyana
- Chengetedza nzvimbo yako yekubhengi yepamhepo yakavanzika, kunyangwe kubva kuvanhu vaunoziva zvakanaka
- Shandisa akasimba, akasiyana mapassword kune yega account
- Gonesa mbiri-chinhu chechokwadi pamaakaundi akakosha
- Isa yakanaka antivirus software uye uichengetedze inoenderana
- Shandisa zvinongedzo zvakachengeteka chete (https://) yekubhadhara
Mitemo yekuzvibata:
- Usambofa wakagovera kadhi rako rebhangi, PIN kana ruzivo rwekupinda
- Kana usina chokwadi, gara uchisimbisa kuburikidza nechiteshi chepamutemo
- Tora nguva yako pakuita sarudzo dzakakosha dzemari
- Ngwarira ruzivo rwemunhu pasocial media
- Mabhangi haambokukumbira kuti utumire makadhi ako ekubhengi
Zvinokurudzirwa zvekushandisa: Zvekubhenga zviri pamutemo maapplication, spam mafirita muemail, uye bhengi yako yekuzivisa sevhisi.
Danho rechitatu: Ziva zvekuita mumamiriro ezvinhu anofungidzirwa
Chiito chekukurumidza kana uchifungidzira chimwe chinhu:
Chiito chekukurumidza kana paine fungidziro: * Bata bhangi rako nekukurumidza kuvhara kubhadhara
- Sevha skrini uye zvinyorwa zvemameseji anofungidzirwa
- Mhan'ara kumapurisa (online kana kukamba yemapurisa). Zvakakosha kuziva kuti ungazvizivisa kupi uye sei kuitira kuti uwane rubatsiro nekukurumidza uye zvinobudirira.
- Mhan'ara hutsotsi kuDesk Rubatsiro rweFraud: 088-7867372. Bata bhangi rako nekukasira kana wagovera ruzivo rwako rwekupinda kana macode ekuchengetedza. Mamwe mabhanga ane nhamba dzakakosha dzevakabiridzirwa.
- Sevha skrini uye zvinyorwa zvemameseji anofungidzirwa
- Mhan'ara chiitiko kumapurisa (pamhepo kana kukamba yemapurisa)
- Mhan'ara hutsotsi kuDesk Rubatsiro rweFraud: 088-7867372. Bata bhangi rako nekukasira kana wagovera ruzivo rwako rwekupinda kana macode ekuchengetedza.
Rutsigiro rwevakabatwa: Inzwa wakasununguka kubata Victim Support Netherlands kuti uwane rutsigiro rwemanzwiro uye matipi anoshanda ekupora. Vakakuvadzwa vanogonawo kuwana rubatsiro uye mazano pano pamusoro pematanho anotevera mushure mekubiridzirwa. Kana uri pasi pemakore gumi nemasere, unogona kubata De Kindertelefoon.
Mhosho dzakajairika dzinoita kuti uve panjodzi yekubiridzirwa
Mistake 1: Kuvimba nevanhu vasingazivikanwe nekukurumidza Vanhu vazhinji vanobva vapindura mameseji kubva kunhamba dzisingazivikanwe vachinyepedzera kunge mhuri kana shamwari. Matsotsi anoshandisa kuvimba kwedu kwepanyama uye kubatsira.
Mistake 2: Kudzvanya pane zvinongedzo pasina ongororo Phishing maemail ari kuwedzera kuita hunyanzvi. Kudzvanya pane chinongedzo mune inofungidzira email inogona kutungamira kune chitsotsi chekuzivikanwa kana kutapukirwa nemalware.
Mistake 3: Kugovera ruzivo rwemunhu nekuda kweruremekedzo Matsotsi anoshandisa social engineering kunyengera vanhu. Ivo vanokumbira ruzivo "rwechokwadi" kana kugadzira kudzvanywa kwenguva.
Pro Tip: Shandisa mutemo wemaawa makumi maviri nemana – gara uchitora zuva rimwechete kuti ufunge nezvezvikumbiro zvemari zvisingatarisirwi.
Chidzidzo chechokwadi chehupenyu: Kubiridzira mari kuburikidza neWhatsApp
Nyaya yekudzidza: Marianne anobva kuUtrecht akarasikirwa €15,000 kune cryptocurrency scammers munaKurume 2024.
Mamiriro ekutanga: Marianne (52) akaona chiziviso paFacebook nezvekudyara mu cryptocurrency. Mushure mekuzadza fomu rekuonana, akasvikwa kuburikidza neWhatsApp na "chipangamazano wezvekudyara" uyo akazvisuma saThomas weimwe kambani inozivikanwa yekudyara.
Matanho anotorwa nema scammers:
- Kuvaka kuvimba: Kuonana kwemazuva ese, kuratidza budiriro diki pachikuva chenhema
- Fake purofiti: Mushure me €500 dhipoziti, chikuva chakaratidza €750 'purofiti'
- Escalation: Dzvinyiriro yekuisa mari yakawanda kune 'mikana yakakosha'
- Kusafara: Mushure me €15,000 dhipoziti, maakaundi ese akavharwa
Mhedzisiro
- Kurasikirwa kwese: £ 15,000 mukuchengetedza
- Psychological impact: Kushungurudzika, kunyara, kurasikirwa kwekuvimba
- Kuita zviri pamutemo: Zvinomhan'arirwa kumapurisa, nyaya dzichiri kuenderera mberi
| For | pashure |
|---|---|
| Kuchengetedza: € 25,000 | Kuchengetedza: € 10,000 |
| Hapana kuziva nezvekubiridzira | Active protection yaitwa |
| Hapana ongororo | Nguva dzose tarisa kaviri mari |
Hutsotsi hwekuzivisa: kupi, sei uye sei
Kumhan'ara chitsotsi idanho rakakosha kana wakambobirwa. Nekutaura hutsotsi, hausi kungozvibatsira iwe chete, asi nevamwewo: uri kubatsira mukumisa scammers uye kudzivirira vanhu vazhinji kubva mukuwira kune imwe nzira. MuUnited Kingdom, unogona kumhan’ara kumapurisa, padandemutande kana kukamba yemapurisa. Pamusoro pezvo, Dhipatimendi Rekubatsira Kubiridzira inzvimbo yakakosha yekuzivisa kwaunogona kushuma hutsotsi nedigital kana nerunhare.
Zvakakosha kunzwa wakasununguka kuonana nezviremera izvi, kunyangwe usina chokwadi chekuti chitsotsi chakaitika here. Vashandi vavo vanogona kukuraira pane akanakisa matanho anotevera uye kukubatsira iwe kuunganidza humbowo. Nekushuma hutsotsi, unowedzerawo mikana yako yekugamuchira muripo, sezvo nyaya yako ichizonyoreswa zviri pamutemo nekuferefetwa.
Mishumo yekubiridzira yakakosha pakubata nemakororo. Vanobatsira mapurisa nemamwe masangano kuti vaone mapatani, nekukasira kuona nzira nyowani dzekubiridzira uye nerutsigiro rwuri nani. Saka usamirire nguva yakareba kuti uzvitaure. Unganidza ruzivo rwakawanda sezvinobvira, semaemail, mameseji, marisiti ekubhadhara uye mamwe data akakodzera, uye taura nemapurisa kana Dhipatimendi Rokubatsira Kubiridzira nekukurumidza.
Rangarira: hausi wega. Nekutaura nezvekubiridzirwa, uri kuita mutsauko – iwe pachako uye kune vamwe.
Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa pamusoro pekubiridzira
Q1: Ndingaziva sei webhusaiti yakavimbika kana mutengesi? Gara uchitarisa wongororo, tsvaga ruzivo, simbisa kunyoreswa kwekambani neChamber of Commerce, uye teerera kune zvitupa zvekuchengetedza (https). Iva wakangwarira kune mapato asingazivikanwe anongobvuma kubhadharwa.
Q2: Chii chandinofanira kuita kana ndakatoendesa mari kune vanobiridzira? Bata bhangi rako nekukurumidza kuti uedze kudzosera mubhadharo, zviudze mapurisa, nyora zvese, uye uzviudze kune Dhipatimendi Rekubatsira Kubiridzira. Kukurumidza kwaunoita, mukana mukuru wekupora.
Q3: Ndinogona kudzoserwa mari yangu mushure mekubirwa? Izvi zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakasiyana. Nekufambiswa kwebhangi, zvinowanzonetsa kudzosa mari, asi bhangi rako rinofanirwa kuongorora kuti vangadai vakadzivirira kubhadhara here. Mitemo yeinishuwarenzi haiwanzo vhara hutsotsi, asi muripo kuburikidza nematare uchiri kuitika.
Q4: Ndingadzivirira sei mhuri yangu kubva pakubiridzira? Goverana ruzivo nezvemanomano ekubiridzira, bvuma kugara uchikurukura nezvekubhadhara kwakakura, uye ita shuwa kuti munhu wese anoziva matauriro emamiriro ekufungidzira. Dzidzo ndiyo dziviriro yakanakisisa.
Mhedziso: Zvidzidzo Zvikuru zveDziviriro Pakupokana neScams
5 Mazano Akakosha ekudzivirira:
- Gara uchisimbisa: Kana usina chokwadi nezvekuzivikanwa, fonera uchishandisa nhamba dzinozivikanwa
- Tora nguva yako: Shandisa iyo 24-awa yekutonhodza-nguva yesarudzo dzemari
- Chengetedza data rako: Usambofa wakagovera kadhi rako rebhangi, PIN kodhi kana ruzivo rwekupinda
- Iva anotsoropodza: Mipiro inoita kunge yakanyanya kunaka kuti ive yechokwadi kazhinji ndeye
- Mhan'ara zvauri kufungira: Batsira vamwe nekumhan’ara nyaya dzekubiridzira kumapurisa nekuFraud Help Desk
Nheyo yakakosha: Kusvinura uye ongororo ndiyo yako yakanakisa dziviriro kubva kune vanobiridzira. Nyaya yekubiridzira inoda kugara ichizivikanwa, sezvo matsotsi ari kugara achichinja nzira dzawo.
Inotevera nhanho: Dhaunirodha rondedzero yezvekuchengetedzwa kweFraud Help Desk, govera ruzivo urwu nemhuri neshamwari, uye sununguka kubata veFraud Help Desk panhamba dzinoti 088-7867372 kana ukasangana nemamiriro ezvinhu auri kufungidzira. Zvidzivirire iwe nevamwe nekuramba uchiziva nezvenyika inogara ichichinja yehutsotsi nehutsotsi. Shandisa mawebhusaiti akadai seveiligbankieren.nl kune matipi ehutsotsi. Shanyira mawebhusaiti eVeilig Bankieren neFraud Helpdesk kuti uwane matipi ekuti ungazvidzivirira sei kubva kuhutsotsi hwekubhadhara, hutsotsi, uye dzimwe nzira dzehutsotsi. Magweta ari mutemo & Zvimwe zvinogona kukubatsira neizvi.