Kurwadziwa kwepamutsipa mumutsipa unonzi "kutevedzera"
ziviso
Nekutanga kweDutch Anti-Money Laundering uye Anti-Terrorist Financing Act (Wwft) uye shanduko dzakazoitwa kubva kuMutemo uyu dzakauya nguva itsva yekutarisirwa. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, Wwft yakaunzwa muedzo wekurwisa kupomhodza mari pamwe nemari yekutyisa. Kwete chete masangano emari akadai semabhangi, makambani anodyara uye makambani einishuwarenzi, asiwo magweta, vanyori, maakaunti uye mamwe mahumwe maficha anofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekutevera iyi mitemo. Maitiro aya, kusanganisira iwo matanho anoda kutorwa kuitira kutevedzera mitemo iyi, anotsanangurwa neyakajaidzwa zita rekuti 'kutevedza'. Kana mitemo yeWwft ikatyorwa, faindi yakakwirira inogona kutevera. Pakutanga kuona, kutonga kweWwft kunoratidzika kunge kune musoro, dai zvisiri izvo kuti iyo Wwft yakakura kuva maronda chaiwo emutsipa, kurwisa zvinopfuura kungoita ugandanga uye vanogadzira mari: iko kurongeka kwakanaka kweanoshanda emabhizinesi.
Kuongorora kwevatengi
Kuti iite maererano neWwft, masosi ataurwa pamusoro apa anofanirwa kuitisa mutengi. Chero (chinangwa) chisina kujairika chinoda kuudzwa kuDutch Financial Intelligence Unit. Kana zvaitika zvabuda pakuferefeta hazvipe chokwadi chakakodzera kana zvisinga tsanangurike kana mukana wekuferefeta unonongedza kumabasa asiri pamutemo kana kuwira mukati meboka rine njodzi zvikuru pasi peWwft, iyo institution inofanirwa kuramba ichidaro. Kuongorora kwemutengi uko kunoda kuitirwa kunotsanangurwa uye munhu chero upi zvake anoverenga Wwft achabatanidzwa mune imwe nzira yekuita mitsara mirefu, matauro akaomesesa uye mareferensi akaoma. Uye ichocho ingori chiitowo zvacho. Pamusoro pezvo, vazhinji veWwft-vatariri vakapa yavo yakaoma Wwft-Manuel. Pakupedzisira, kwete chete kuzivikanwa kwemutengi wese, kuve chero munhu akasikwa kana ari wepamutemo munhu hukama hwebhizimusi hwakamisikidzwa kana kuti panzvimbo iye chiitiko chinotengeswa (chinofanirwa kuitirwa), asiwo kuzivikanwa kwemuridzi (we) anobatsira. UBO), zvinogoneka Zvematongerwo enyika Zvinotsanangurwa (PEPs) uye vamiririri vevatengi zvinoda kusimbiswa uye nekuzosimbiswa. Tsanangudzo dzepamutemo dzemazwi ekuti "UBO" na "PEP" anotsanangurwa zvisingapfuure, asi buruka unotevera kune anotevera. Sezvo UBO ichakwanirisa munhu wese wechisikigo uyo zvakananga kana zvisina kunangana akabata kupfuura 25% ye (share) kufarira kwekambani, asiri kuve kambani yakanyorwa pamusika-wemusika. PEP iri, muchidimbu, mumwe munhu anoshanda mune yakakurumbira basa revanhu. Iyo chaiyo chaiyo yekuongororwa kwemutengi ichaenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu-akanangana nenjodzi kuongororwa nesangano. Kuongorora kunouya mumhando nhatu dzinonzvera: kuongororwa kwakajairwa, kuongorora kwakapusa uye kuongorora kwakawedzera. Kuti ugadzire uye uone kuti ndiani wevose vanhu zvataurwa pamusoro nemasangano zviri pamusoro, runyorwa rwezvinyorwa runogona kana kudikanwa, zvichienderana nerudzi rwekuferefeta. Iko kutarisa kwezvinodikanwa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa kunoguma mukutevera kusingagumi kwekupedza: makopi e (akazadzwa) mapasipoti kana mamwe makadhi ekuzivikanwa, zvinyorwa kubva kuChamber of Commerce, zvinyorwa zvekusangana, marejista evabati uye kuongororwa kwezvivakwa zvekambani. Panyaya yekuferefetwa kwakawedzerwa, kunyangwe mamwe magwaro anogona kudiwa akadai sekopi yemagetsi mabvumirano, zvibvumirano zvebasa, mirayiridzo yemhoro uye zvirevo zvebhangi. Izvi zvataurwa pamusoro apa zvinoguma nekuchinja kwekutarisira kure kubva kune mutengi uye kupihwa chaiko kweve masevhisi, hombe hombe kushushikana, kuwedzera mutengo, kurasikirwa nenguva, chinodikanwa chekubhadhara vashandi vakawedzerwa nekuda kwekurasa iyi nguva, chisungo chekudzidzisa vashandi pamirairo yeWwft, vakatsamwiswa vatengi, uye pamusoro pazvo kutya kwekukanganisa, sezvo, pekupedzisira asi zvisiri zvishoma, Wwft yakasarudza kuisa basa rakakura rekutarisa imwe neimwe mamiriro pamwe nemakambani ivo pachavo nekushanda pamwe neyakavhurika tsika .
Zvinodzoreredza: mune dzidziso
Kusatevedzera kunounza huwandu hwemhedzisiro inogona kuitika. Chekutanga, kana iyo sangano ikundikana kutaurira (yaidikanwa) kutengeserana kusingawanzoitika, iyo institution ine mhosva yehupfumi pasi pemutemo weDutch (tsotsi). Kana zvasvika pasi pekuongororwa kwemutengi, pane zvimwe zvinodiwa. Sangano rinofanira kutanga raita kuferefeta. Kechipiri, vashandi vekanzuru vanofanirwa kuziva chinja chisina kujairika. Kana sangano rikatadza kutevedzera mutemo weWwft, mumwe wevane masimba anotarisisa sezvakatemerwa Wwft anogona kupa chirango chekuwedzera. Chiremera chinokwanisawo kuburitsa faindi yekutarisira, kazhinji inosiyana pakati pehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe € 10.000 uye € 4.000.000, zvichienderana nerudzi rwemhosva. Nekudaro, iyo Wwft haisi iyo yega chiitiko chinopa faindi uye zvirango, seSanctions Act ('Sanctiewet') inogona kusakanganwika. Sanctions Act yakatorwa kuitira kuti kuitise zvirango zvepasi rese. Chinangwa chezvirango ndechekugadzirisa zvimwe zviitiko zvenyika, masangano uye nevanhu izvo senzira yekutyora mutemo wenyika kana kodzero dzevanhu. Sezvirango, munhu anogona kufunga nezvekumiswa maoko, masanctions emari uye kurambidzwa kwekufamba kwevamwe vanhu. Kusvika parizvino, rondedzero yezvirango yakagadzirwa pane izvo vanhu kana masangano anoratidzwa ayo (zvinofungidzirwa) akabatana nehugandanga. Pasi peSanctions Act, masangano emari anofanirwa kutora ekutonga uye kudzora-matanho kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti anotevedzera mutemo weSanction, achikundikana uyo anoita mhosva yehupfumi. Zvakare mune iyi kesi, mubairo wekuwedzera kana faindi yekutarisira inogona kupihwa.
Mufungo unozoitika?
Mishumo yenyika dzakawanda akataura kuti Netherlands iri kuita zvakanaka mukurwisa ugandanga uye kupambadza mari. Saka, izvi zvinorevei maererano neizvo chaizvo zvakaiswa masanctions mune kusatevedzera? Kusvika parizvino, magweta mazhinji akakwanisa kumira zvakanyatsojeka uye zvirango zvakavezwa zvikuru senyevero kana ((mamiriro ezvinhu) kumiswa. Izvi zvakavewo izvo kune vakawanda notaries uye accountant. Nekudaro, havazi vese vanga vaine rombo rakanaka kusvika zvino. Kusina kunyoresa uye kuvhenekera kuzivikanwa kweye UBO kwave kukonzera kuti imwe kambani igamuchire faindi ye € 1,500 Anobvunza mutero akagamuchira faindi ye- zviuru makumi maviri zvemakumi maviri emadhora, iyo mari ye- zviuru gumi zvemadhora yaive nemamiriro, nekuda kwekudaira asina kuudza chiitiko chisina kujairika. Izvo zvakatoitika kuti gweta uye wetaurisa abviswe muhofisi mavo. Nekudaro, aya masheti anorema anonyanya kukonzerwa nekutyora chinangwa kweWwft. Zvakangodaro, faindi diki, yambiro kana kumiswa hazvireve kuti kurangwa hakuzi kwakaremerwa. Mushure mezvose, zvirango zvinogona kuitwa pachena, zvichigadzira tsika ye “kutumidza uye kupwanyira”, izvo zvisingaite zvakanaka bhizinesi.
mhedziso
Iyo Wwft yakaratidza kuve yakakosha asi yakaoma seti yemitemo. Kunyanya kuferefetwa kwevatengi kunotora kumwe kuita, kazhinji kuchikonzera kutarisisa kubva kubhizinesi chairo uye - zvakanyanya kukosha - mutengi, kurasikirwa kwenguva nemari kwete munzvimbo yekupedzisira inoshungurudza vatengi. Kusvika parizvino, zvirango zvakachengetwa zvakadzikira, kunyangwe paine mukana wekuti faindi idzi dzikure zvakanyanya. Kutumidza uye kunyadzisa ndiko, zvakadaro, zvakare chinhu icho chiri chokwadi chinokwanisa kutamba rakakura basa. Zvisineyi, zvinoita sekunge iyo Wwft iri kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvayo, kunyangwe nzira yekuteerera izere nezvipingamupinyi, makomo emapepa, kutyisidzira kutsiva uye kunyevera kupfura.
pakupedzisira
Kana iwe uine chero imwe mibvunzo kana hurukuro mushure mekuverenga ichi chinyorwa, inzwa wakasununguka kubata mr. Maxim Hodak, Gweta-pa-mutemo pa Law & More kuburikidza maxim.hodak@lawandmore.nl kana mr. Tom Meevis, gweta-pa-mutemo pa Law & More kuburikidza tom.meevis@lawandmore.nl kana kutifonera pa + 31 (0) 40-3690680.
