Chikumbiro chekubhuroka chishandiso chine simba chekuunganidza zvikwereti. Kana munhu ane chikwereti akasabhadhara uye chikumbiro chisina kupokana, chikumbiro chekubhuroka chinogona kushandiswa kuunganidza chikumbiro nekukurumidza uye zvakachipa. Chikumbiro chekubhuroka chinogona kumisikidzwa kungava nemukumbirwi pachayo chikumbiro kana pachikumbiro chemumwe kana vanopfuura vakweretesi. Kana paine zvikonzero zvekufarira veruzhinji, Hofisi yeMuchuchisi weParuzhinji inogona zvakare kufaira kubhuroka.
Nei munhu anoita chikwereti faira rekubhanga?
Kana mukweretesi wako akatadza kubhadhara uye zvisingaite senge invoice yabhadharwa ichabhadharwa, iwe unogona kufaira kune ako ane chikwereti kubhuroka. Izvi zvinowedzera mukana wekuti chikwereti (chikamu) chizobhadharwa. Mushure mezvose, kambani iri mumatambudziko emari nguva zhinji ichine mari mukati, semuenzaniso, mari uye zvivakwa. Kana paine kubhuroka, zvese izvi zvichatengeswa kuti uwane mari yekubhadhara ma invoice akange asara. Chikumbiro chekubhuroka chemunhu ane chikwereti chinotarisirwa negweta. Gweta rinofanira kukumbira dare kuti rizivise kuti ane chikwereti chakabhuroka. Gweta rako rinotumira izvi nechikumbiro chekubhuroka. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, mutongi anozotonga akananga kudare kuti ane chikwereti chako anonzi abhuroka.
Unonyora rini?
Unogona kutumira kubhuroka kana iwe uine chikwereti:
- Iine zvikwereti zviviri kana kupfuura, 2 yainofungidzirwa (iyo nguva yekubhadhara yapera);
- Ane 2 kana anopfuura evakweretesi; uye
- Ari mumamiriro ezvinhu aakarega kubhadhara.
Mubvunzo waunowanzonzwa ndewekuti kana application yekubhuroka ichida inopfuura mumwe mukweretesi. Mhinduro ndeyekuti kwete. Mumwe mukweretesi anogona zvakare shandisa fkana kubhuroka kwemukweretesi. Nekudaro, kubhuroka kunogona kungovapo Wapikisa nedare kana paine vakawanda vane zvikwereti. Vaya vane chikwereti havafanirwe kunge vachiita-vanyoreri. Kana muzvinabhizimusi achinyorera kubhuroka kweanomukwereta, zvakaringana kuratidza panguva yekugadzirisa kuti kune vanoverengeka vane chikwereti. Tinodaidza izvi 'zvinodiwa muzvizhinji'. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nematauriro erutsigiro kubva kune vamwe vakweretesi, kana kunyangwe nekuzivisa kwemunhu ane chikwereti kuti haachakwanise kubhadhara vakweretesi vake. Anonyorera anofanirwa saka ave ne'tsigiro yekureva 'pamusoro pezvaanoda. Dare rinozoongorora izvi muchidimbu uye muchidimbu.
Nguva yenguva yekubhuroka yakaitika
Kazhinji, kutongwa kwedare mukutongwa kwemabhangi kunoitika mukati memavhiki matanhatu chikumbiro chakamiswa. Iyi sarudzo inotevera panguva yekunzwa kana nekukurumidza sezvinobvira mushure. Munguva yekunzwa, mapato anogona kupihwa kunonoka kusvika pamasvondo masere.
Mari dzekubhuroka dzakaitika
Nezvezvi zviitiko unobhadharisa mari dzematare edzimhosva mukuwedzera kumubhadharo wegweta.
Nzira yekubhuroka inoita sei?
Maitiro ekubhuroka anotanga nekufaira kwechikumbiro chekubhuroka. Gweta rako rinotanga maitiro nekuendesa chikumbiro kudare richikumbira kune wako ane chikwereti chiziviso chekubhuroka panzvimbo yako. Ndimi munokumbira.
Chikumbiro chinofanirwa kuendeswa kudare riri mudunhu rine chikwereti. Kuti unyorere kubhuroka semunhu akweretesa, mukweretesi anofanira kunge akadaidzwa kakawanda uye akazopedzisira aziviswa kuti haazombokwani.
Kukokwa kunonzwa
Mukati memavhiki mashoma, gweta renyu richakokwa nedare kuti ripinde munzeve. Ichi chiziviso chinoreva kuti uye kupi kunonzwa kuchaitika. Wako ane chikwereti achaziviswawo.
Iye anechikwereti haabvumirane nechikumbiro chekubhuroka? Iye anogona kupindura nekutumira chinyorwa chekudzivirira kana chekudzivirira nemuromo panguva yekunzwa.
Kunzwa
Hazvisi zvekumanikidzwa kuti mukweretesi apinde munzeve, asi zvinokurudzirwa. Kana chikwereti chikasaoneka, anogona kunzi haana mhosva mumutongo pasina chikonzero.
Iwe uye / kana Gweta renyu munofanirwa kuoneka panzeve. Kana pasina anoonekwa panonzwa chikumbiro chingarambwa nemutongi. Iyo yekunzwa haisi yeruzhinji uye mutongi anowanzoita sarudzo yake panguva yekunzwa. Kana izvi zvisingaite, sarudzo inotevera nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, kazhinji mukati mevhiki 1 kana maviri. Raira racho rinotumirwa kwauri uye kune iwe une chikwereti, uye kune magweta akabatanidzwa.
kuramba
Kana iwe semukweretesi, mukasabvumirana nematare akarambwa sarudzo, munogona kufaira kukwirira.
Kugoverwa
Kana dare rikapa chikumbiro uye richizivisa anenge ane chikwereti bankrupt, anenge ane chikwereti anogona kufaira kukwidza nyaya. Kana mukwereti akakwidza mhosva, kubhuroka kunoitika zvakadaro. Nemutongo wedare:
- Mukweretesi anobva angobhuroka;
- Mutongi anogadza unodiridzira; uye
- Mutongi anogadza mutongi anotsigira.
Mushure mekunge kubhuroka kwaziviswa nedare, munhu (wepamutemo) anonzi akazoita bhuroka acharasikirwa nekuraswa uye manejimendi ezvinhu uye anonzi anzi haatenderwe. Iyo liquidator ndiyo yega iye achiri kubvumidzwa kuita kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi. Iye anobiridzira anozoita munzvimbo yebhengi (munhu wacho akazivisa kuti haana kubhuroka), agadzirise kudzimara kwemari yekubhuroka uye atarisire zvinofarira zvevakweretesi. Muchiitiko chekubhuroka kukuru, vashoma vanogadziriswa vanogona kusarudzwa. Kwemamwe zviitiko, uyo anoteerera anofanirwa kukumbira mvumo kubva kumutariri anotarisira, semuenzaniso pakudzingwa kwevashandi uye kutengeswa kwemhedzisiro yemumba kana zvinhu.
Mukutaura, chero mari inowanikwa nemukweretesi panguva yekubhuroka, ichawedzerwa kune iyo midziyo. Mukuita, zvakadaro, anotengesa anoita izvi muchibvumirano neanechikwereti. Kana munhu akazvimiririra achinzi abhuroka, zvakakosha kuti uzive zvakafukidzwa nekubhuroka uye chii chisiri. Chekutanga zvinodiwa uye chikamu chemari, semuenzaniso, hachina kuverengerwa mukubhuroka. Mukweretesi anogona zvakare kuita zvakajairika zvemutemo zviito; asi midziyo yekubhuroka haina kusungwa neiyi. Kupfuurirazve, anomisa mari anoita kuti danho redzimhosva rizivikanwe neruzhinji nekunyoresa pakunyoresa kubhuroka uye Chamber of Commerce, uye nekuisa kushambadzira mupepanhau renyika. Iyo yekubhuroka registry inonyoresa mutongo muCentral Insolvency Rejista (CIR) uye wozvishambadza muHurumende Gazette. Izvi zvinogadzirirwa kuitira kupa vamwe vanogona kukwereta mukana wekumhan'arira munhu anenge arambidza uye kuendesa zvavanoda.
Basa remutongi anotarisa mune izvi zviitiko ndeyekutarisa matanho ekugadzirisa nekudzimisa zvinhu zvisina kuvanzika zvekuita uye zviitwa zveanodzvinyirira. Pakurudziro yemutongi anoyang'anira, dare rinogona kuraira kubhadharo. Mutongi anotarisira anokwanisa kusheedza uye anzwe zvapupu. Pamwe chete neakagadzirisita, mutariri anotarisira anogadzira iya inonzi mharidzo dzekusimbisa, paachazoita sachigaro. Musangano wekubvunzurudza unoitika mudare uye chiitiko apo chikwereti chakanyorwa nezvakadzika, zvichamiswa.
Mari yacho ichagoverwa sei?
Iyo yekudziya inotsanangura iyo marongero ayo vanozobhadharwa vachabhadharwa: iyo yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevanokweretesa. Wakakwira sei iwe pamwero, iyo yakakura mukana wekuti iwe uchabhadharwa semukweretesi. Kurongeka kwenzvimbo kunoenderana nekwavanopa chikwereti rudzi rwechikwereti.
Kutanga, sekukwanisika, zvikwereti zvemidziyo zvichabhadharwa. Izvi zvinosanganisira muhoro wemunyori, rendi uye muhoro mushure mezuva rekubhuroka. Mari yasara, inoenda kuzvikwereti zvakakosheswa, zvinosanganisira mitero yehurumende nezvipo. Chero zvasara zvinoenda kune vasina kuchengetedzwa ("zvakajairika") vakweretesi. Kamwe kana vataurwa pamusoro apa vabhadharwa, chero zororo rinoenda kune vari pasi pechikwereti. Kana kuchine mari yasara, ichabhadharwa kune vanozogovana kana zvine chekuita neNV kana BV. Mukubhuroka kwemunhu chaiye, zvakasara zvinoenda kune akabhuroka. Nekudaro, aya mamiriro akasarudzika. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, hazvisi zvakawanda zvakasara kune vasina kuchengetedzeka zvikwereti ndoda kusiya vasina mari.
Kunze: vanoparadzanisa
Separatists vanechikwereti ne:
- Mutemo wepeji:
Bhizinesi kana imba inogara ine mubvumirano wemubhadharo uye mupi wechikwereti anogona kutora chikwereti pamhosva yekusabhadhara.
- Kodzero yechivimbiso:
Iro bhangi rakapa chikwereti nechimiro chekuti kana pasina kubhadhara kunoitwa, ine kodzero yekumbofanobata, semuenzaniso, pane bhizinesi rekutsvaga kana sitoko.
Zvinorehwa neparadzaniswa (zvinorehwa neshoko iri kare) zvakaparadzaniswa nekubhuroka uye zvinogona kutaurwa pakarepo, pasina kutanga zvazvibvunza nezvazvo. Nekudaro, liquidator inogona kukumbira iyo kuparadzanisa kuti imirire nguva yakakodzera.
Migumisiro
Kwako iwe semukweretesi, sarudzo yedare ine mhedzisiro inotevera:
- Iwe haugone kubata iwe chikwereti iwe pachako
- Iwe kana Gweta rako unoendesa chikumbiro chako negwaro rehupupuri kune wechikadzi
- Pamusangano wekuongorora, rondedzero yekupedzisira yezvikumbiro ichakwidzwa
- Iwe unobhadharwa zvinoenderana neyezvikwereti rondandanda
- Chikwereti chakasara chinogona kuunganidzwa mushure mekubhuroka
Kana mukweretesi ari munhu wechisikigo, mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinoita kuti mushure mekubhuroka, mukweretesi anoendesa chikumbiro kudare redzimhosva yekushandura kubhuroka kuve chikwereti mukugadzirisa zvakare.
Kune uyo ane chikwereti, mutongo wedare une mhedzisiro inotevera:
- Kubatwa kwezvinhu zvese (kunze kwezvakakosha)
- Iye anenge aine chikwereti anorasikirwa nemabatiro uye kuraswa kwezvinhu zvake
- Iyo tsamba inoenda yakananga kune iyo liquidator
Nzira yekubhuroka inopera sei?
Kubhuroka kunogona kupera munzira dzinotevera:
- Kubhadharisa mari nekuda kwekushayikwa kwezvinhu: Kana pasina zvinhu zvakakwana zvekugona kubhadhara nothings kunze kwezvikwereti zvezvinhu, kubhuroka kuchamiswa nekuda kwekushaiwa zvinhu.
- Kubviswa nekuda kwehurongwa pamwe nevanopa chikwereti: Iyo bhuroka inogona kupemha imwe-off kuronga kune vanoita zvechikwereti. Kurudziro yakadaro inoreva kuti mubhengi anobhadhara chikamu chezana chakakodzera, chaanoburitswa pazvikwereti zvake kwechikwereti chakasara.
- Kanzura nekuda kwekusunga kweiyo yekupedzisira kugovera runyorwa: apa ndipo kana iyo midziyo isina huwandu hwakakwana kugovera vasina kukweretesa vakweretesi, asi vanotanga kukwereta vanogona kubhadharwa (muchikamu).
- Kutemerwa danho redare rinoturwa nemutongo weDare redzimhosva
- Kanzura pachikumbiro chemubhengi uye panguva imwechete chirevo chekushandiswa kwegadziriro yekugadzirisa chikwereti.
Ndokumbira utarise: Munhu wepanyama anokwanisa zvakare kumhan'arwa zvakare zvikwereti, kunyangwe mushure mekunge kubhuroka kwapera. Kana musangano wekusimbisa waitika, mutemo unopa mukana mune kuurayiwa, nekuti mushumo wekusangana musangano unopa kodzero yeiyo zita rekuurayiwa rinogona kusimbiswa. Pakadaro, hauchada mutongo wekutonga. Ehe, mubvunzo unoramba uripo; chii chingave chingawanikwa mushure mekubhuroka?
Chii chinoitika kana mukweretesi akasabatana panguva yekubhuroka?
Mukweretesi anosungirwa kushandira pamwe uye kupa iye anodzvinyirira neruzivo rwese rwunodiwa. Izvi ndizvo zvinonzi 'chisungo chekuzivisa'. Kana mukwikwidzi ari kutadziswa, anogona kutora matanho ekusimbisa sekubvunzurudzwa kwevanobhuroka kana kutora munhu mukutapwa muDziviriro Center. Kana mukweretesi akaita zvimwe zviito pamberi pechiziviso chekubhuroka, semhedzisiro yekuti vakweretesi vane mukana mushoma wekudzorera zvikwereti, anomisikidza anogona kugadzirisa zviito izvi ('bankruptcypauliana'). Ichi chinofanirwa kuve chiito chepamutemo icho akakwereta (akazobhuroka) akaita pasina chisungo, pasati paziviswa zvekubhuroka, uye nekuita chiito ichi mukweretesi aiziva kana aifanira kunge akaziva kuti izvi zvaizokonzeresa kushomeka kune vane chikwereti.
Panyaya yemubatanidzwa wepamutemo, kana iyo yakakwenenzverwa ikawana humbowo hwekuti vafundisi vakashandisa zvisiri pamutemo mubatanidzwa, vanogona kupihwa mhosva pachivande. Uyezve, nezve izvi iwe unogona kuverenga mune yedu yakambonyorwa blog: Mutoro wevatungamiriri muThe Netherlands.
udza mashoko
Ungave iwe unoda kuziva chii Law & More unogona kukuitira here?
Ndokumbira utibatewo parunhare panhamba dzinoti +31 40 369 06 80 kana titumire e-mail:
Tom Meevis, Gweta kwa Law & More - tom.meevis@lawandmore.nl
Ruby van Kersbergen, Gweta ra Law & More - ruby.van.kersbergen@lawandmore.nl
