Zvigadzirwa Zvakagadzirwa neAI uye Mutemo wePatent: Ndiani Muridzi weZvigadzirwa Zvitsva?

Fungidzira mamiriro ezvinhu aya: Mainjiniya wesoftware pakambani yeDutch tech inoshandisa chishandiso chepamusoro cheAI kuti igadzirise kodhi. Zvisingatarisirwi, AI inoratidza dhizaini itsva inogadzirisa dambudziko rakaoma rehunyanzvi—mhinduro iyo mainjiniya asina kuunza pachena. Mhinduro iyi itsva inoshamisa, inogona kukosha mamiriyoni. Kunzwisisa mutemo wepatenti kwakakosha usati wasarudza matanho anotevera.

Asi heino mubvunzo wemamiriyoni emaeuro: Ndiani muridzi wechinhu ichi chitsva?

Ndiinjiniya here akatungamira chirongwa cheAI? Mushandirwi ndiye anobhadhara muhoro weinjiniya uye kunyoreswa kweAI? Kana kuti chigadzirwa ichi ndecheveruzhinji nekuti muchina "wakachifunga" here?

Sezvo njere dzekugadzira (AI) dzichichinja kubva pakufunga nezveramangwana kuenda kuzvinhu zvinoshandiswa zuva nezuva mumadhipatimendi eR&D muNetherlands yese, mibvunzo iyi haisisiri yekufungidzira. Inyaya dzemutemo dzinokurumidza dzine mhedzisiro yakakura yemari. Zvisinei, hurongwa hwemutemo hunodzora nyaya idzi—kunyanya Mutemo weDutch Patent wa1995 ( Rijksoctrooiwet 1995 )—hwakanyorwa munguva iyo "AI" yaive nzvimbo huru yesainzi yengano.

Mugwaro iri, Law & More inoongorora kusangana kwakaoma kweAI, mabasa, uye mutemo wepatenti muNetherlands, zvichipa kujeka kune vashandirwi nevashandi zvakafanana.

Chii chinonzi AI-Groned Inventions?

Kubva pakuva Mubatsiri weDhijitari kusvika pakuva Mubatsiri weVagadziri

Kuti tinzwisise zvinorehwa nemutemo, tinofanira kutanga tatsanangura zvatinoreva ne "chigadzirwa chakagadzirwa neAI". Munyika yemutemo nehunyanzvi, basa reAI rinowanzoiswa muzvikamu zvitatu, chimwe nechimwe chine zvinorehwa zvakasiyana nemuridzi.

1. AI seChishandiso: Iyi ndiyo mamiriro ezvinhu anowanzoonekwa pari zvino. Munhu anogadzira zvinhu anoshandisa software yeAI (senge maturusi eCAD kana software yekufananidzira) kuti asimbise fungidziro kana kunatsiridza dhizaini. Munhu anopa simba rekugadzira nekutungamira; AI inoita basa rekusimudzira zvinhu zvinorema.
2. AI semubatsiri wekugadzira: Pano, mitsetse haina kujeka. Muongorori wemunhu uye sisitimu yeAI vanoshanda pamwe chete. Maparamita emunhu anopinza, AI inogadzira sarudzo, munhu anosarudza uye anogadzirisa, uye AI inovandudza zvakanyanya. Mhedzisiro yekupedzisira isanganiswa yezvinobuda mumunhu nemuchina.
3. AI inozvitonga: Sisitimu yeAI inopiwa chinangwa chakajairika (semuenzaniso, "kuwana molekyuru inobatanidza nepuroteni iyi") uye inogadzira yega mhinduro pasina kupindira kwevanhu.

Mienzaniso yenyika chaiyo inosanganisira:

• Pharmaceuticals: Maitiro ekudzidza kwemuchina anoona vanhu vanogona kushandisa mishonga nekukurumidza kupfuura nzira dzechinyakare.
• Chigadzirwa Dhiza: Software yekugadzira zvinhu zvinogadzira zvinhu zvakareruka uye zvine simba guru zveindasitiri yemotokari izvo mainjiniya evanhu vaisagona kufunga nezvazvo.
• Process Innovation: AI inoongorora data rekugadzira kuti igadzire maitiro matsva ekugadzira ane mvumo.

Mutemo wePatent weDutch: Hurongwa hweMutemo

Mutemo Unoti Chii?

Kudzivirirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva muNetherlands kunotongwa neDutch Patent Act 1995 ( Rijksoctrooiwet 1995 ). Kuti chigadzirwa chive nemvumo yekupa mvumo, chinofanira kusangana nematanho matatu makuru:

1. Novelty: Inofanira kunge iri itsva kwete chikamu che "mamiriro ezvinhu aripo" aripo.
2. Danho Rekugadzira: Hazvifanirwe kuoneka kune munhu ane hunyanzvi muunyanzvi.
3. Industrial Application: Inogona kugadzirwa kana kushandiswa muindasitiri.

Pfungwa yeMuvambi

Apa ndipo pane kusawirirana kukuru pakati pemitemo yekare netekinoroji itsva. Chinyorwa 8 cheDutch Patent Act chinoti munhu ndiye anogadzira zvinhu. Mutemo wacho unobva papfungwa ye "basa rekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva" - chiito chekugadzira chagara chichingotaurwa kuti chinobva kuvanhu venyama chete.

Parizvino, mutemo weDutch kana European Patent Office (EPO) hadzina kuona masisitimu eAI seanogadzira zvinhu. Kana chinhu chitsva chakagadzirwa neAI pasina kupindira kwevanhu, parizvino hachina mvumo yepamutemo uye chinogona kunge chisina mvumo yepamutemo nekuti hachina munhu akasarudzwa kugadzira zvinhu. Zvisinei, muzviitiko zvakawanda, munhu anobatanidzwa mukukurudziro, kudzidzisa, kana kusarudza zvigadzirwa, zvichimubvumira kuti ataure kuti ndiye akagadzira zvinhu zvitsva.

Software uye Mhedzisiro yeTechnical

Zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti mapurogiramu emakombiyuta "sezvakadaro" haawanzo bvumidzwa. Zvisinei, kana software yeAI ikagadzira "imwe mhedzisiro yehunyanzvi" - yakaita sekuita kuti robhoti ifambe zvinobudirira kana kuvandudza mashandiro emukati mekombiyuta - inogona kupihwa patent.

Mushandirwi vs. Mushandi: Ndiani Anowana Patent?

Mutemo Mukuru (Chinyorwa 12)

Panyaya yebasa, chikamu chakakosha chemutemo iChikamu 12 cheDutch Patent Act 1995.

Mutemo Mukuru unoshamisa kuti unoshanda nevashandi: Chinhu chitsva ndechemushandi akachigadzira.

ZVISINEI , pane musiyano mukuru unoshanda kune akawanda mamiriro eR&D. Kodzero dzepatent ndedzemushandirwi kana :

• Mushandi anoshandiswa kuita mabasa anoda basa rekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva; UYE
• Kugadzirwa uku kwakakonzerwa nemabasa iwayo chaiwo.

Kugadzira Zvinhu Zvitsva Chikamu Chebasa Rini?

Kuziva kana "kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva" kuri chikamu chebasa remushandi hakusi nyore nguva dzose. Zvinhu zvinosanganisira tsananguro yebasa, rudzi rwekambani, uye zviwanikwa zvinoshandiswa.

Muenzaniso 1: Nyanzvi yeData
Mushandi anotorwa basa se "Machine Learning Engineer" kuti agadzire maalgorithms matsva. Anoshandisa maturusi eAI ekambani kugadzira sisitimu yekuziva mifananidzo ine patent.

• Mhinduro: Patent iyi ingangodaro iri ye mushandirwi.
• Kukurukurirana: Akapihwa basa rekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva mubasa iri.

Muenzaniso wechipiri: Maneja weKushambadzira
Maneja wekushambadzira, pachake, anoshandisa mubatsiri wekodhi kugadzira chishandiso chitsva chekuongorora vatengi chinogadzirisa dambudziko rehunyanzvi.

• Mhinduro: Patent iyi inogona kunge iri ye mushandi.
• Kukurukurirana: Kugadzira software yehunyanzvi harisi basa guru remaneja wekushambadzira, kunyangwe zvichibatsira kambani.

Muenzaniso 3: Mainjiniya achishandisa AI
Mainjiniya wemakanika anoshandisa AI kugadzirisa mutsetse wekugadzira.

• Mhinduro: Zvingangodaro kuti mushandirwi, chero bedzi kugadzirisa maitiro kuri mukati memabasa avo. Zvisinei, mwero wekugadzira wakazvimiririra kana kuti wekutevera mirairo wakakosha.

Kukosha Kwezvibvumirano Zvakanyorwa

Vashandirwi vanogona kutsauka kubva kumutemo mukuru weChikamu 12, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa nekunyora . Zvibvumirano zvakawanda zvevashandi muchikamu chehunyanzvi zvinosanganisira chikamu cheIntellectual Property (IP) chinotaura kuti zvese zvinobuda nemushandi zvinoendeswa kumushandirwi. Pasina chikamu ichi chaicho, mitemo yepamutemo inoshanda, izvo zvinogona kuva nengozi kune vashandirwi.

Mutemo weAI weMushandirwi

Nei Zvibvumirano Zvakajeka Zvichikosha

Kunyangwe paine kukwira kweAI, makambani mazhinji ekuDutch achiri kushaya mutemo wakazara weAI. Musiyano uyu wemitemo unokonzera kusava nechokwadi nezve muridzi wekambani. Kana paine gakava, kushaikwa kwemitemo yakajeka kunowanzo deredza simba remushandirwi.

Chii Chinofanira Kusanganisira Mutemo Wakanaka weAI?

Kuti pasave nekusawirirana, mutemo weAI wakasimba unofanira kufukidza zvinotevera:

1. Zvishandiso Zvinotenderwa: Taura zvakajeka kuti ndeapi maturusi eAI (semuenzaniso, ChatGPT, GitHub Copilot, Midjourney) anotenderwa uye kuti ndeapi madonhwe acho.
2. Kodzero dzeMuridzi: Tsanangura kuti chero zvibereko zvinobuda uchishandisa zviwanikwa zvekambani kana panguva dzekushanda ndezvekambani (mukati memiganhu yemutemo).
3. Basa reKushuma: Gadzira nzira yakajeka yekuzivisa zvinhu zvitsva nekukurumidza.
4. Kuvanzika: Mitemo yakasimba pamusoro pekusaisa zvakavanzika zvekutengeserana mumamodeli eAI everuzhinji.

Maonero Anoita Vatongi Mutemo

Mudare, kana mushandirwi achiti chinhu chitsva chaive chikamu che "mabasa aakapihwa" nemushandi, asi pasina mutemo une chekuita nekushandiswa kweAI uye hunyanzvi, mutongi anogona kutonga achitsigira mushandi. Mushandirwi ane mutoro wekuratidza kuti chinhu chitsva ichi chinowira pasi pechibvumirano chebasa.

Muripo Une Mufungo (Billijke Vergoeding)

Kodzero Yemushandi Yekubhadhara

Vashandirwi nevashandi vazhinji havazivi nezveChikamu 12(6) cheDutch Patent Act.

Kunyangwe kana kodzero dzepatenti dziri dzemushandirwi zvizere (nekuti yaive tsvakiridzo yebasa), mushandi anogona kunge achiri nekodzero yekuwana "muripo wemari unonzwisisika" ( billijke vergoeding ).

Izvi zvinoshanda kana muhoro wemushandi usingakwanise kunzi muripo wakakwana tichifunga nezvekukosha kwemari kwechinhu chitsva ichi kukambani.

Zvinoverengwa sei?

Hapana fomura yakatarwa, asi zvinhu zvinosanganisira:

• Kukosha kwemari kwepatenti (semuenzaniso, yakaita kuti patent iwane purofiti yemamiriyoni here?).
• Muhoro wemushandi uye mari yekubatsira.
• Kuwanda kwemupiro wemunhu wega wega wemushandi uchienzaniswa nezviwanikwa zvekambani (senge maturusi eAI).
• Mitemo yeindasitiri.

Muenzaniso Unoshanda:
Nzira yeAI yakagadzirwa nemugadziri anobhadharwa inoita kuti kambani iwane €500,000 pagore. Mugadziri anowana €60,000. Sezvo hunyanzvi uhwu hwaive chikamu chebasa rake, anowana muhoro wake. Zvisinei, kana rubatsiro kukambani rwakakwira zvakanyanya zvichienzaniswa nemuhoro wake, anogona kukumbira bhonasi kamwe chete (semuenzaniso, €10,000 - €25,000).

Chinyorwa Chinokosha: Kodzero iyi yekubhadharwa imutemo unosungirwa . Haigone kusiyiwa muchibvumirano chebasa. Chero chikamu chipi zvacho chinoedza kubvisa kodzero iyi hachina basa.

Mutoro Wouchapupu

Ndiani Anofanira Kuratidza Chii?

Mumakakatanwa emutemo maererano nekugadzirwa kweAI, kugoverwa kwemutoro weuchapupu kwakakosha.

Mutoro weMushandirwi:
Kana mushandirwi achida patent, anofanira kuratidza:

1. Mushandi wacho akabhadharwa kuti agadzire zvinhu zvitsva.
2. Kugadzirwa kwacho kwakabva pamabasa avakapihwa.
3. (Kana zvichibvira) Mushandi akashandisa zvishandiso zveAI zvekambani nedata.

Uchapupu hunosanganisira: Tsananguro dzebasa, mirairo yakanyorwa, magwaro ekushandiswa kweAI, uye machati esangano.

Kudzivirirwa kweMushandi:
Mushandi anogona kutaura kuti:

1. Tsananguro yebasa haina zvayakataura nezveR&D kana hunyanzvi hutsva.
2. Basa racho rakaitwa kunze kwemaawa ekushanda kana kushandisa maakaundi evanhu.
3. Kugadzirwa uku kuri kunze kwebasa rekambani.

Nhungamiro Yematanho Ekugadzirisa Makakatanwa

Zvekuita Kana Muridzi Asina Kujeka

Kana ukasangana nematambudziko pamusoro pechinhu chakagadzirwa neAI, tevera matanho aya.

Kune Mushandi:

1. Unganidza Chokwadi: Nyora kuti chigadzirwa ichi chakagadzirwa sei chaizvo. Ndezvipi zvakashandiswa pakunyora neunyanzvi hweAI? Ndezvipi zvawakataura nezvekugadzira?
2. Tarisa Chibvumirano: Tsvaga zvirevo zve IP uye tsananguro yebasa rako repamutemo.
3. Nyora Zvese: Chengetedza maemail, magwaro, uye maprototypes.
4. Nhaurirano Taura zviri pamutemo nezvechigadzirwa ichi uye kumbira mhinduro yakanyorwa maererano nemuridzi wechinhu chacho uye muripo unogona kuwanikwa.
5. Zano reMutemo: Kana kukosha kwacho kwakakwira uye mushandirwi akaramba kutaurirana, tsvaga gweta.

KuMushandi:

1. Ongorora Kukosha: Chigadzirwa ichi chakakodzera here kupihwa kodzero dzepamutemo?
2. Mutemo weKuongorora: Kondirakiti yemushandi inovhara izvi here? Pane mutemo weAI uripo here?
3. Uchapupu Hwakachengeteka: Unganidza humbowo hwemabasa emushandi uye zviwanikwa zvakashandiswa.
4. Negotiate: Funga nezvekupa muripo unonzwisisika kana bhonasi kuti usapinda mumatare uye urambe uine tsika dzakanaka.
5. Kugadzira zviri pamutemo: Ita shuwa kuti kugoverwa kwepatent kwakanyorwa mugwaro rekupa mvumo.

Mamiriro Ezvinhu Asingatarisirwi (Chinyorwa 6:258 BW)

Ko Kuchinja kweAI Kunogona Kuputsa Chibvumirano Here?

Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kuri kufamba nekukurumidza. Mushandi anogona kutaura kuti pavakasaina kondirakiti yavo makore gumi apfuura, "kushanda pamwe chete neAI" kwaisava chikamu chebasa ravo. Vanogona here kushandisa Chikamu 6:258 cheDutch Civil Code (mamiriro ezvinhu asingatarisirwi) kuti vakumbire kuchinjwa kwechibvumirano kana kuti kuwedzerwa mari?

Chokwadi Chepamutemo:
Kunyange zvazvo zvichibvira mudzidziso, chinangwa cheizvi ndechekuti yakanyanya kukwiriraVatongi vekuDutch havadi kushandisa nyaya iyi.

• Bhizinesi Risk: Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kunowanzoonekwa senjodzi yebhizinesi.
• Kufanoona: Muchikamu chetekinoroji, shanduko ndiyo chete inogara iripo. Matare anowanzo tonga kuti vashandi vanofanira kutarisira kuti maturusi avo nenzira dzavo dzishanduke.

Kunze kwekunge kuunzwa kweAI kuchichinja zvachose hukama hwebasa nenzira isina kururama zvachose, kuvimba ne "mamiriro ezvinhu asingatarisirwi" hakungangobudirira.

Zvinhu Zvepasi Pose

Mhiri kwemiganhu yeDutch

Kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva hakumbogumiri pamuganhu.

• Hofisi yePatent yeEurope (EPO): EPO yatonga zvakajeka (mune mukurumbira DABUS nyaya) yekuti AI haigone kunyorwa semugadziri wezvinhu. Zita remunhu rinodiwa.
• USA & UK: Kufanana neEU, US neUK parizvino zvinoda munhu anovaka zvinhu.

Kumakambani ekuDutch anoshanda pasi rese, izvi zvinoreva kuti kugara kwenguva dzose kwakakosha. Haugone kutaura kuti une mugadziri weAI mune imwe nzvimbo uye munhu mune imwe nzvimbo usingaise panjodzi yekuvapo kwemhuri yepatenti.

Zvakaitika Zvemangwana

Chii Chiri Mberi?

Pari zvino tiri munguva yekuchinja. Mutemo weEU AI uri kuchinja mamiriro emitemo, kunyange hazvo kukanganisa kwawo zvakananga pamutemo wepatenti kuchiri kusimba. Tinotarisira:

1. Kuwirirana: Mitemo yakajeka yeEU yose pamusoro pekugadzirwa kwezvinhu zveAI.
2. Mutemo weNyaya: Makakatanwa akawanda anosvika kumatare, zvichitsanangura chiyero che "kupa kwevanhu".
3. Nhaurirano dzetsika: Kuchinja kwekutaura nezvekuti ndiani fanira kubatsirwa neAI otomatiki—vane migove kana vashandi.

Chii chaunofanira kuita ikozvino?

• Employers: Ongorora zvibvumirano zvako zvebasa uye shandisa Mutemo weAI wakajeka weKushandisa Zvinogamuchirwa nekukasika.
• Vashandi: Ziva kodzero dzako maererano nemubhadharo unonzwisisika uye nyora pasi maitiro ako ekugadzira paunenge uchishandisa AI.

Mibvunzo Inonyanya Kubvunzwa

Mubvunzo: Ko sisitimu yeAI inogona kuva ne patent muNetherlands here?
A: Kwete. Pasi pemutemo weDutch neEuropean uripo, vanhu vepachivande kana masangano epamutemo (makambani) chete ndivo vanogona kuva nekodzero dzepfuma. AI haina hunhu hwepamutemo.

Mubvunzo: Ndinganyora here AI semugadziri wechirongwa ichi?
A: Kwete. Hofisi yeEuropean Patent yakasimbisa kuti muvambi akasarudzwa anofanira kunge ari munhu. Munogona kutaura mutsananguro kuti maturusi eAI akashandiswa, asi haagone kunzi muvambi.

Mubvunzo: Ndakagadzira chimwe chinhu ndichishandisa ChatGPT munguva yangu yekuzorora. Mukuru wangu anogona kuchida here?
A: Kazhinji, kwete, kunze kwekunge chigadzirwa ichi chakabatana zvakananga nemabasa ako ebasa uye wakashandisa ruzivo rwako rwawakawana kubva pabasa racho. Zvisinei, kana wakashandisa laptop yekambani kana zvitupa zvekambani, mitsetse yacho inova isina kujeka.

Mubvunzo: Chii chinonzi "muripo unonzwisisika"?
A: Mari yekuwedzera (pamusoro pemuhoro) inofanira kubhadharwa nemushandi kana hunyanzvi hwavakaita huchikosha zvikuru kumushandirwi, uye muhoro wavo usingakwanise kubhadhara zvakakwana kurasikirwa nekodzero yekupa patent. Hapana huwandu hwakatarwa; zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo.

Mubvunzo: Mushandirwi wangu anoda mutemo weAI here kuti awane basa rangu?
A: Hazvisi hazvo. Mutemo (Art. 12 Patent Act) unoshanda zvisinei. Zvisinei, pasina mutemo, zvakaoma zvikuru kuti mushandirwi aratidze kuti kushandisa AI kugadzira kwaive chikamu che "mabasa ako awakagoverwa," izvo zvinosimbisa chinzvimbo chako semushandi.

Mubvunzo: Ndingashanda pamwe chete nemugadziri weAI here?
A: Pamutemo, kwete. Iwe ndiwe waizova Chete mugadziri, chero bedzi mupiro wako waive wekugadzira zvinhu zvakakwana. AI inoonekwa zviri pamutemo sechishandiso chakaoma, senge maikorosikopu kana karukureta.

mhedziso

Kubatanidzwa kweAI mumaitiro eR&D kuri kuchinja zvakanyanya maitiro edu ekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva, asi mutemo weDutch patent unoramba wakadzika midzi mupfungwa yehungwaru hwevanhu. Kunyange zvazvo mutemo uchiwanzo tsigira mushandirwi muhukama hwebasa hwechokwadi, "nzvimbo dzisina kunaka" dzakagadzirwa nezvishandiso zveAI dzinopa njodzi nemikana.

Kune vashandirwi, shoko racho rakajeka: Gadzira mitemo yako yeAI. Kuvimba nezvibvumirano zvekare kuti uwane tekinoroji itsva imhosva.
Kune vashandi, meseji yacho inokosha zvakaenzana: Ziva kodzero dzako. Ungave nekodzero yekupihwa mbiri uye muripo nekuda kwezvinhu zvitsva zvaunotungamira kuti zvivepo.

Une mibvunzo here nezve hurongwa hwako hweIP kana zvibvumirano zvebasa zvine chekuita neAI?
Ungave uri mushandirwi ari kunyora mutemo mutsva weAI kana kuti uri mushandi ari kutsvaga muripo wakakodzera wechinhu chitsva, Law & More ari pano kuti akutungamirire kuburikidza nemamiriro ezvinhu aya emutemo ari kuchinja.

udza mashoko Law & More nhasi kubvunzana.