Kutarisira algorithm: algorithm inogona kuongorora mashandiro ako here?

Kutarisira algorithm, kushandiswa kwemasisitimu eAI kutarisa, kuwana mamakisi uye kutungamira vashandi, kunobvumirwa muNetherlands asi mukati memiganhu yakasimba chete. Algorithm inogona kutsigira kuongororwa kwebasa; ingasave iyo yega hwaro hwesarudzo ine mhedzisiro yakakura pauri, senge kudzingwa basa, kudzikiswa pabasa kana kuramba bhonasi, nekuti chikamu 22 cheGDPR chinochengetera sarudzo idzodzo munhu anodziongorora zvechokwadi. Pamusoro pezvo, EU AI Act inoronga masisitimu anoshandiswa kutarisa nekuongorora vashandi seane njodzi huru, uye inorambidza zvachose kushandiswa kweAI kufungidzira manzwiro evashandi panzvimbo yebasa.

Chii chinonzi algorithmic management?

Kutarisira algorithmic mamiriro ezvinhu apo software, kwete maneja, inoita basa rekutarisa, kuyera uye kazhinji kutonga. Inoonekwa mumatura nenzvimbo dzekugovera, munzvimbo dzekutaurirana nevatengi, mumabasa epuratifomu, uye zvakanyanya mumabasa ehofisi akajairika uko maturusi ekugadzira akavakirwa mumasisitimu anoshandiswa nevanhu kare. Mushandirwi haafanire kutenga chigadzirwa chinonzi maneja weAI kuti mibvunzo yepamutemo ibude; dashboard inoongorora vashandi padata rakaunganidzwa otomatiki yakakwana.

Zvinoitwa nesystem yakadaro zvakanaka kuverenga. Inonyora mabasa apera, nguva dzekugadzirisa, nguva dzekupindura, kutevedzera gwaro, maawa akanyorwa mufomu rekunyorera. Chaisingakwanise kuita kunzwisisa kuti sei nhamba yafamba. Mushandi ane zvibereko zvinodzikira nekuti akapedza mavhiki matatu achidzidzisa mumwe mushandi mutsva, nekuti ndiye aibata mumwe mutengi asina mumwe munhu aigona kutarisira, kana kuti nekuti basa munguva iyoyo raive rakaoma zvisingawanzoitiki, rinotaridzika zvakafanana mudata semushandi aingoita zvishoma. Musiyano uripo pakati pekuyera nerevo ndiwo unokonzera gakava repamutemo munharaunda iyi.

Pfungwa haisi yekuti kuyera mashandiro ebasa hakusi pamutemo. Vashandirwi vane kodzero yekuziva kuti basa riri kufamba sei, uye kutarisa zvine musoro chikamu chenguva dzose chekushanda kwebhizinesi. Pfungwa ndeyekuti mutemo weDutch neEuropean unobatanidza mamiriro ezvinhu panzira iyo kuyerwa kunoitwa uye, pamusoro pezvose, pakushandiswa kwayo.

Maitiro aya ekuwana mashandiro ako

Kunzwisisa mashandiro enyaya iyi kunokosha, nekuti kodzero dzako dzinoenderana nematanho chaiwo ekuita zvinhu. Kazhinji, zvinhu zvitatu zvinoitika: data rinounganidzwa, modhi inoshandura data iroro kuita mutongo, uye mumwe munhu kana chimwe chinhu chinoita chimwe chinhu.

Zvinounganidzwa nehurongwa

Kuunganidzwa kunowanzoonekwa uye kunoramba kuripo. Munzvimbo yekutaurirana nevatengi, sisitimu inogona kunyoresa huwandu hwevanhu vanobatwa, avhareji yenguva yekubata, kugadziriswa kwekutanga, nguva isina kushanda pakati pekufona, uye kutevedzera zvakanyorwa. Inogona kuenderera mberi nekuongorora zviri mukati: kugadziriswa kwemutauro wechisikigo kunoshandiswa kune zvinyorwa zveemail nefoni, kuona mazwi akakosha, uye kuongorora manzwiro erutivi rwemutengi wehurukuro. Muzvinhu zvekutakura zvinhu, zvichave mitengo yekuskena uye kumhanya kwekusarudza; mubasa rehofisi, zvishandiso zvekushanda pamwe chete.

Imwe neimwe yedata idzi idata rako pachako, uye imwe neimwe inofanira kutsigirwa. Pasi peGDPR, mushandirwi haafanire kuunganidza zvese zvinokwanisa kuunganidzwa nesystem; kugadzirisa kunofanirwa kuve kwakakosha kune chinangwa chakatarwa uye zvinoenderana nacho. Sisitimu inorekodha makiyi kana kutora mapikicha enguva nenguva kuti ione kuti ndiani ari kushanda nesimba zvakaoma kudzivirira kuti inoenderana, uye Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens (Dutch Data Protection Authority) yagara ichitsoropodza rudzi irworwo rwekutarisa zvinhu.

Kubva pamitemo kusvika kumamodheru, uye bhokisi dema

Masisitimu ari nyore kwazvo akavakirwa pamitemo. Kana avhareji yenguva yekubata ikapfuura mwero wakatarwa kupfuura kanomwe pavhiki, mushandi anotariswa. Sisitimu yakadaro yakaoma uye haioni mamiriro ezvinhu, asi ine chinhu chimwe chete chakanaka: unogona kuverenga mutemo wacho woona kuti nei wakatariswa, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikwanisike kukakavadzana nezvazvo.

Mamodheru ekudzidza kwemuchina anoshanda zvakasiyana. Vanodzidziswa ruzivo rwekare nezvevaya vakaita zvakanaka nevaya vasina kuita zvakanaka, uye vanogumisa maitiro anoenderana nemigumisiro iyoyo. Izvi zvine simba uye hazvinyatsojeka. Modheru iyi inogona kunge ichinyanya kutaura nezvechimwe chinhu chisina hukama hwakasimba nekushanda, uye mushandirwi kana dzimwe nguva mutengesi haagone kutaura kuti nei mamaki acho akabuda sezvaakaita.

Kusava pachena ikoko ndiko kunowanzonzi dambudziko re "black box", uye pamutemo kunouraya pane kungokanganisa chete. Mushandirwi asingakwanise kutsanangura hwaro hweongororo haakwanise kutevedzera basa rekupa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvepfungwa dziripo, haakwanise kudzivirira ongororo zvakanaka kana ikapikiswa, uye haakwanise kuratidza kuti haina rusarura. Muchokwadi, kana usingakwanise kutsanangura, haugone kuvimba nayo.

Zvinodiwa neGDPR pakugadzira system yeAI performance

GDPR ndiyo yekutanga uye ichiri chishandiso chinoshanda zvakanyanya muchikamu ichi, nekuti inoshanda kune wese mushandirwi anogadzira data revashandi uye yagara ichishandiswa kwemakore. Mitemo mina yayo ndiyo inoita basa rakawanda.

Chinyorwa 22: hapana sarudzo yakakosha inotorwa nemuchina wega

Chikamu 22 cheGDPR chinopa munhu wese kodzero yekusasarudzwa zvichibva pakugadzirisa otomatiki chete, kusanganisira kuongorora, izvo zvinovakanganisa pamutemo kana kuvakanganisa zvakanyanya. Kudzingwa, kusavandudzwa kwechibvumirano, kudzikiswa pabasa, kunyimwa bhonasi uye kuramba kukwidziridzwa zvese zvinowira mukati merondedzero iyoyo.

Mashoko maviri ane huremu. Zvinoreva chete kuti munhu anongosimbisa zviri kutaurwa nehurongwa haabvise chisarudzo chiri muchikamu 22; vane masimba ekutarisira vakajekesa kwemakore kuti kudzvanya hakusi kubatanidzwa kwevanhu. Kubatanidzwa kune chinangwa kunoda muongorori ane simba rekuwana mhedziso yakasiyana, kugona kuongorora nyaya yacho, uye nguva yekuzviita. Zvinokanganisa zvikuru zvinoverengwa zvakanyanya, uye hazvidi mutongo wepamutemo: sisitimu yekuongorora inosarudza kuti ndeapi mashifti kana kuti mabasa api aunopiwa inogona kukukanganisa zvakanyanya kuti ubatisise nyaya yacho.

Kana chikamu 22 chichishanda, mushandirwi anofanira kupa chero dziviriro yaanopa: kodzero yekuwana rubatsiro rwevanhu, kuratidza maonero ako uye kupikisa chisarudzo chacho.

Kujeka, mukana wekuwana uye pfungwa dzinobatanidzwa

Vashandi vanofanira kuziviswa, vasati vaziva kuti hurongwa huripo uye zvahunoita. Kana paine sarudzo dzinoitwa otomatiki maererano nechikamu 22, mushandirwi anofanirawo kupa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvepfungwa dziripo uye nezvekukosha uye mhedzisiro inotarisirwa yekugadzirisa. Ruzivo rumwe chete runogona kukumbirwa mushure mezvo kuburikidza nechikumbiro chekuwana munhu, icho chinokupawo kodzero yekuwana kopi yeruzivo rwako pachako rwuri kugadziriswa nezvako: mamakisi, zviyero zviri pasi uye zvikamu zvinopihwa nehurongwa kwauri.

Zvinoonekwa sezvine revo zvakagadziriswa maererano nepfungwa kwete tsika. Hazvisi tsananguro yetekinoroji; itsananguro yekuti zvinhu zvipi zvakashandiswa uye kuti zvakayerwa sei, zvichitaurwa nenzira iyo munhu ari kutaurwa nezvayo anogona kunzwisisa uye kuita chimwe chinhu pairi.

Hwaro hwepamutemo, mvumo uye DPIA

Basa rega rega rekugadzirisa rinoda hwaro hwepamutemo. Mumamiriro ebasa, mvumo haiwanzo shandiswa, nekuda kwekuvimbana pakati pemushandirwi nemushandi: mvumo isingarambwe pasina mugumisiro haipiwi pachena. Saka vashandirwi vanowanzo vimba nekukosha kwekugadzirisa kuti chibvumirano chebasa chiitwe, pachisungo chepamutemo, kana pachido chepamutemo, uye chekupedzisira chinoda kuenzaniswa kwakanyorwa kwechido chinoteverwa nekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwevashandi.

Nekuti kutarisa mashandiro padanho iri kunosanganisira kuongororwa kwakarongeka uye kwakakura kwevanhu zvichibva pakugadzirisa otomatiki, kuongororwa kwemhedzisiro yekuchengetedzwa kwedata hakusi kwesarudzo. Izvi zvinodiwa usati watanga kushanda sisitimu, uye inofanira kutsanangura mashandiro acho, kutsanangura kukosha kwayo uye kuenzana kwayo, kuona njodzi kuvashandi, uye kuratidza matanho anogadzirisa matambudziko acho. Vashandirwi vanodarika kuongororwa vanowanzoona matambudziko gare gare, mukukakavadzana, apo sarudzo dzisingachagone kugadziriswa chinyararire.

Mushandirwi angasvika papi pakuongorora?

Kuongororwa kwebasa hakugoni kuparadzaniswa nekutarisa kunoripa simba, uye kutarisa kune miganhu yaro. Mushandi haaregi hupenyu hwake hwepachivande pamusuwo wehofisi: Dare reEuropean Court of Human Rights rakatonga mumatare eBarbulescu v Romania kuti kutarisa kutaurirana kwemushandi kunoshandisa kodzero yekuremekedza hupenyu hwake hwepachivande netsamba pasi pechikamu 8 cheChibvumirano, uye kuti mushandirwi anofanira kunge audza mushandi pachine nguva nezverudzi uye hukuru hwekutarisa, anofanira kutevera chinangwa chepamutemo, uye anofanira kusarudza nzira dzisinganyanyi kupindira dzinogona kuzadzisa. Kutarisa vashandi pachivande kwakanaka uye kunoda kufungira kwakasimba, nguva shoma uye ongororo yakanyorwa iyo isina matanho akareruka angaita.

Zvakashandurwa kuita chirongwa chekutonga kwealgorithmic, zvinoreva kuti mushandirwi anofanira kukwanisa kupindura mibvunzo mitatu nezve data rega rega: nei data iri richidikanwa pachinangwa chakataurwa, nei chiyero chisina kunyanya kupindira chisingazokwanisike, uye kana vashandi vakaudzwa pachine nguva. Kurekodha nguva dzose pascreen, kunyora keystroke uye kutevedza nzvimbo kunze kwemaawa ekushanda zvinokundikana mibvunzo iyoyo munzvimbo zhinji dzebasa.

Kusavapo, kurwara uye ruzivo rwemhando dzakasiyana

Chikamu chimwe chete chinofanira kungwarira zvikuru. Ruzivo rwunoratidza hutano idata rechikamu chakakosha pasi peGDPR uye rinogona kusagadziriswa zvachose, zvichienderana nekusawirirana kwakamanikana. Mitemo yeDutch pamusoro pekusavapo kwemurwere yakasimba: mushandirwi anogona kunyoresa kuti mushandi haasipo uye kwenguva yakareba sei, asi rudzi rwechirwere, kuongororwa uye zvipingamupinyi ndezvechiremba wekambani, kwete zvemushandirwi. Sisitimu yekushanda inofungidzira chirwere kubva pamapatani ekusavapo, kumhanya kwekunyora, kuputsika kana matauriro ezwi iri kugadzirisa data rehutano nekufungidzira, uye chokwadi chekuti hapana munhu akanyora chirwere machiri hachina mutsauko.

Yambiro imwe chete iyi inoshandawo kune masisitimu ane mamakisi anokanganiswa nekusavapo kwakachengetedzwa kwakadai sepamuviri, zororo revabereki kana zororo rekuchengetwa. Kana modhi iyi ichiona nguva idzodzo sedzisina kushanda zvakanaka, mushandirwi haasi kungogadzirisa ruzivo rwakakosha chete asi ari kushandura kodzero yepamutemo kuita dambudziko.

Chikamu chepamusoro chekutevedzera mutemo

Kutyorwa kwemitemo mikuru, yekubvumidzwa kwekushanda kwevashandi uye kodzero dzevanhu vane data iri muchikamu chepamusoro chechinyorwa 83 cheGDPR, chikamu chakakomba chinopihwa nemutemo. Zvakakoshawo kune mabasa ezuva nezuva, kuongororwa kwakaitwa kutyora mitemo iyi kwakaoma kuvimba nako mugakava rebasa: dare rakakumbirwa kugumisa chibvumirano chebasa nekuda kwekusashanda zvakanaka richada kuona kuti kusashanda zvakanaka kwacho kwakasimbiswa sei.

Zvinowedzerwa neAI Act kune vashandirwi nevashandi

Mutemo weEU AI Act uri kushanda uye unoshanda muzvikamu, saka mubvunzo hausisiri wekuti uri kuuya here asi kuti ndeupi wemabasa awo atove kuruma. Zvikamu zviviri zvinokosha pano.

Chekutanga ndicho runyorwa rwetsika dzinorambidzwa, dzakashandiswa kubvira pakutanga kweMutemo. Unosanganisira mutemo wakanangana nenzvimbo yebasa: Masisitimu eAI anoshandiswa kufungidzira manzwiro emunhu chaiye munzvimbo dzebasa nedzidzo haabvumidzwe, kunze kwekunge sisitimu yacho ichifanirwa kuiswa kana kutengeswa nekuda kwezvikonzero zvekurapa kana zvekuchengetedza. Software inoratidza manzwiro, kushushikana, kubatanidzwa kana kutendeseka kwevashandi kubva pazwi ravo, chiso kana kunyora saka haisi dambudziko rekutevedzera mitemo rinofanira kugadziriswa. Hazvina kufanira, uye kusapindirana kwekurapa nekuchengetedza hakufukidze manejimendi ekubudirira. Cherechedza muganhu nokungwarira: ongororo yemanzwiro ezvinotaurwa nemutengi mubvunzo wakasiyana nekufungidzira manzwiro emushandi.

Chikamu chechipiri inzira ine njodzi huru. Annex III yeAI Act inotsanangura senzira ine njodzi huru, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, maAI systems akagadzirirwa kushandiswa kuita sarudzo dzinokanganisa mamiriro ehukama hwebasa, kukwidziridzwa kana kugumisa hukama hwakadaro, kugoverwa kwemabasa zvichibva pamaitiro emunhu kana hunhu hwake, uye kutarisa nekuongorora mashandiro nemaitiro evashandi. Chishandiso chekuongorora mashandiro eAI chiri mukati metsananguro iyoyo. Pasi pe digital omnibus package, mazuva ekunyorera mabasa ane njodzi huru emaAnnex III systems akamiswa, saka vashandirwi vane nguva yakawanda yekugadzirira; zvinorambidzwa, mitemo yemamodheru eAI anoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye mabasa ekujekesa echikamu 50 atoshanda.

Chisungo chimwe chete chinofanira kutaurwa zvakasiyana nekuti vashandirwi vanowanzochifuratira. Vanopa mabasa avo vari vashandirwi vanofanirwa kuzivisa vamiririri vevashandi nevashandi vanobatanidzwa vasati vaisa sisitimu yeAI ine njodzi huru munzvimbo yebasa, zvichienderana nemitemo inoshanda paruzivo nekukurukurirana. Iri ibasa reruzivo rinoenderana, uye risingatsivi, zvisungo zvekujekesa zveGDPR uye kodzero dzedare rebasa pasi pemutemo weDutch. Kuti uwane kutsanangurwa kwakazara kweMutemo nehurongwa hwawo, ona chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pemutemo wehungwaru hwekugadzira uye EU AI Act.

Ndiani ane mutoro: mutengesi kana mushandirwi?

Vashandirwi vanowanzo fungidzira kuti nekuda kwekuti software iyi yakatengwa kubva kumutengesi ane hunyanzvi, mutengesi ndiye ane njodzi yepamutemo. Handizvo zvinoita kuti framework imwe neimwe ipe mutoro.

Pasi peGDPR, mushandirwi ndiye anosarudza kuti sei uye sei ruzivo rwevashandi ruchigadziriswa uye nekudaro ndiye anotonga. Mupi webasa anotungamira sisitimu iyi achitevedzera mirairo yemushandirwi mugadziri webasa, uye hukama hwacho hunofanira kuiswa muchibvumirano chekugadzirisa, asi mushandirwi ndiye ane basa rekujekesa, pamutemo uye kutarisira vanhu kuvashandi vake, uye mushandirwi ndiye anopindura kuAutoriteit Persoonsgegevens nevashandi pachavo.

Mutemo weAI unotara mutsetse wakafanana pakati pemupi webasa, uyo unogadzira sisitimu yeAI woiisa pamusika, uye mupi webasa, uyo anoishandisa pasi pesimba rake. Mushandirwi anoshandisa chishandiso chakatengwa anowanzova mupi webasa uye anotakura mabasa emupi webasa, kusanganisira kushandisa sisitimu zvichienderana nemirairo, kuve nechokwadi chekuti vanhu vane hunyanzvi nemasimba anodiwa vanotarisirwa, kutarisa mashandiro ayo, uye kuzivisa vashandi. Mushandirwi anoisa zita rake pasisitimu, kana kuichinja zvakanyanya kana kuchinja chinangwa chayo, anogona kuva mupi webasa uye kutora mabasa akakura anoenderana nebasa iroro.

Mugumisiro unoshanda wekutenga ndewekuti chibvumirano chinofanira kuverengwa uchifunga nezvemabasa aya. Mushandirwi anoda kuti mutengesi ape ruzivo runoita kuti kutevedzera mitemo kuitike, uye anofanira kusava nechokwadi nechero chigadzirwa chisingakwanise kutsanangura zvachinogadzira, nekuti basa rekutsanangura richasvika pamushandirwi pasinei nezvinotaurwa nerezinesi.

Basa repuratifomu: imwe mitemo yakawanda

Kune vanhu vanoshanda kuburikidza nemapuratifomu ebasa redhijitari, chimwe chishandiso chiri kuuya. Directive (EU) 2024/2831 pamusoro pekuvandudza mamiriro ebasa mubasa repuratifomu inopa chitsauko chakazara kuhutungamiriri hwealgorithmic. Inomanikidza mapuratifomu kuzivisa vashandi nezve otomatiki monitoring uye masystem ekuita sarudzo anokanganisa zvakanyanya mamiriro avo ekushanda, inorambidza kugadziriswa kwemamwe mapoka edata, kusanganisira data pamusoro pemamiriro emanzwiro uye epfungwa uye data pahurukuro dzepachivande, inoda kuti vanhu vatarise mhedzisiro yemasystem aya, uye inopa vashandi kodzero yekutsanangurwa, uye kuongororwa kwevanhu, kwezvisarudzo zvakakosha zvakaita sekurambidzwa kana kumiswa kweakaundi. Zvinonyanya kukosha, dziviriro idzodzo dzakawanda dzinoshanda kune vanhu vanoita basa repuratifomu kunyangwe vakakodzera sevashandi kana kwete.

Nyika dziri nhengo dzinofanira kuchinja murairo uyu panosvika 2 Zvita 2026. Kusvika mutemo wenyika watanga kushanda, GDPR neAI Act zvinoramba zviri mitemo inoshanda, uye zvinodiwa zvavo zvatove zvichifukidza zvakawanda zvezvikonzero zvakafanana.

Mutemo webasa weDutch: algorithm haigone kugumisa chibvumirano chako

Mitemo yekudzivirira data yeEurope uye AI inodzora mashandiro ehurongwa. Mutemo webasa weDutch unodzora zvingaitwa nemushandirwi nemabasa awo, uye wakaoma zvakanyanya kupfuura zvinofungidzirwa nemapurojekiti mazhinji ekutonga kwealgorithmic.

Mushandirwi muNetherlands haagone kungogumisa chibvumirano chebasa. Kudzingwa basa kunoda chikonzero chine musoro chakanyorwa muchikamu 7:669 cheDutch Civil Code, uye kunoda mvumo yekutanga yeUWV kana sarudzo yekantonrechter (dare redunhu), zvichienderana nechikonzero chacho. Kusashanda zvakanaka ndechimwe chezvikonzero izvozvo, uye chinonetsa. Mushandirwi anofanira kuratidza kuti mushandi haana kukodzera basa racho, kuti mushandi akaudzwa nezvazvo nenguva, uye kuti mukana wechokwadi wekuvandudza wakapihwa, nerutsigiro pazvinenge zvakakodzera. Kuverenga dashboard hakusi nzira yekuvandudza, uye dare richabvunza kuti chii chakakurukurwa, rini, uye rubatsiro rupi rwakapihwa. Gwaro redu remutemo webasa reDutch rinotsanangura hurongwa hwekudzingwa basa zvakadzama.

Mutemo wekusarura unoshanda kune mhedzisiro, kwete kune chinangwa. Kana sisitimu ikarambidza vashandi nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakaita sebonde, rudzi, zera, chitendero, kuremara kana chirwere chisingaperi, hazvibvumirwi nemutemo pasi peAlgemene wet gelijke behandeling (General Equal Treatment Act) uye mitemo chaiyo yekurapa zvakaenzana pazera uye pakuremara, zvisinei nekuti pane aida mhedzisiro iyoyo here. Ruzivo rwekudzidziswa kwenhoroondo ndiyo inowanzo kukonzera: modhi yakadzidziswa kuti ndiani akakwidziridzwa munguva yakapfuura ichadzokorora zvaunofarira zvekare. Masisitimu anoyera kuwanikwa kana kubuda kwebasa nekufamba kwenguva anowanzo kuranga vashandi vakatora zororo revabereki, vakashanda maawa mashoma kana kuti vasipo nekuda kwekurwara, uye kuranga mushandi nekuda kwekushandisa kodzero yepamutemo ndizvo chaizvo zvinorambidzwa nemutemo wekurapa zvakaenzana.

Dare reMabasa rinofanira kubvumirana

Mukambani ine kanzuru yemabasa, mushandirwi anoda zvinopfuura chinangwa chakanaka. Chinyorwa 27 cheMutemo weWet op de ondernemingsraden (Works Councils Act) chinoda mvumo ye ondernemingsraad (kanzuru yemabasa) yekugamuchira, kugadzirisa kana kubvisa zvirongwa zvinosanganisira izvo zviri pakuongorora vashandi, pakugadzirisa nekudzivirira ruzivo rwevashandi, uye pazvivakwa zvakagadzirirwa kana zvakakodzera kutarisa kana kutarisa kuvapo, maitiro kana mashandiro evashandi. Sisitimu yeAI performance inoshandisa zvese zvitatu panguva imwe chete.

Kubvumirana pano hakusi kwemutemo. Sarudzo inotorwa pasina mvumo inodiwa inogona kunzi haina basa nedare remabasa, uye mushandirwi anogona kudziviswa kuishandisa. Kune vashandi vanofunga kuti hurongwa hwakaiswa pavari, dare remabasa rinowanzova nzira inokurumidza uye inoshanda yekuchinja, nguva refu munhu asati afunga nezvematare.

Zvakatongwa nematare kusvika pari zvino

Mutemo wenyaya iyi uchiri kuenderera mberi, asi mitongo miviri yekuNetherlands yakatotanga kutungamira rwendo uye yese iri miviri yakataurwa kure kure neNetherlands.

Kutonga kweUber neOla

Musi wa4 Kubvumbi 2023 iyo Gerechtshof Amsterdam (Amsterdam Dare Repamusoro (Court of Appeal) rakatonga munyaya dzakawanda dzakaunzwa nevatyairi vachipokana naUber naOla. Vatyairi vaida kuziva kuti sei maakaundi avo akanga avharwa uye kuti mabasa nemitengo zvakagoverwa sei kwavari. Dare rakaona kuti vaitsigira zvikuru pane ruzivo. Vatyairi vakarasikirwa nepurogiramu, pamwe nemari yavo, vakakanganiswa zvikuru nekuita sarudzo otomatiki, uye makambani aisagona kuvanza tsananguro nekuratidza zvakavanzika zvekutengeserana kana njodzi yekushandiswa zvisina humbowo pasina kusimbisa kuramba ikoko.

Zvaidiwa nedare zvaive zvechokwadi: kwete tsananguro yakazara yetekinoroji, asi ruzivo nezvezvinhu zvakashandiswa uye huremu hwakapihwa kwavari, kuitira kuti munhu ane chekuita nazvo anzwisise uye apikise mhedzisiro. Ndiwo mwero unofanirwa kufungwa nevashandirwi unoshandawo kune algorithm yekushanda. Kana mhinduro yako yekuti sei ndakawana mamaki akaipa iri yekuti modhi ndiyo yakazvisarudza, hauna kusangana nemwero.

Mutongo weSyRI

Nyaya yechipiri yakanga isiri nyaya yemakakatanwa ebasa, asi chikonzero chayo chinosvika kubasa. Mumutongo wayo wemusi wa5 Kukadzi 2020 (ECLI:NL:RBDHA:2020:865) Rechtbank Den Haag (Dare reDunhu reThe Hague) yakataura kuti mutemo uri pasi peSyRI, hurongwa hwehurumende hwekuratidza njodzi hunoshandiswa kuona hutsotsi hwemari nemitero, wakakundikana bvunzo yechikamu 8 cheEuropean Convention on Human Rights. Hurongwa hwacho hwakanga husina kujeka uye husingabvumidzwe: hapana munhu kunze aigona kutaura kuti munhu akasvika sei pakupomerwa mhosva, izvo zvakaita kuti zvisakwanise kuzvidzivirira.

Nheyo yacho ndeyevanhu vose. Sisitimu ine mashandiro asingakwanise kuongororwa haigone kupikiswa, uye sarudzo isingagone kupikiswa haisi sarudzo yakanaka. Mushandirwi anoda kuvakira kuongororwa pamuenzaniso usingakwanise kutsanangurwa nemushandi kana mushandirwi ari kuvaka pachikonzero chimwe chete chakakundikana munyaya iyoyo. Mibvunzo iyi yemutoro wekuzvibata otomatiki inopfuura mutemo webasa chete, sezvinoratidzwa nechinyorwa chedu pamusoro peAI nemutemo wemhosva.

Kodzero dzako kana algorithm iri kukupa mapoinzi

Kana uri kuongororwa uchishandisa sisitimu yeAI, une kodzero dzakajeka uye dzinofanira kutevedzwa, uye haufanirwe kuratidza kuti sisitimu yacho haina kururama usati waishandisa.

Unogona kubvunza kuti ndeapi data riripo nezvako wowana kopi yaro, kusanganisira zviyero zvinopa ongororo uye mamakisi anobva mazviri. Unogona kukumbira ruzivo rwakakosha nezvepfungwa dzehurongwa, zvinhu zvinoverengwa uye huremu hwazvo. Kana sarudzo ine mhedzisiro yakakosha yakaitwa nenzira dzinozvishandira, unogona kuda kupindira kwevanhu, kuisa maonero ako, uye kupikisa sarudzo yacho. Unogona kugadzirisa data risina kururama, iro rinonyanya kukosha kupfuura zvinonzwika: zvakawanda zvezvakanyorwa nehurongwa uhu zvisirizvo, kubva pakusavapo kwakashata kusvika pabasa rinokonzerwa nemunhu asiri iye.

Maitiro ekukwikwidza kuongororwa otomatiki mukuita

Tanga nekunyora chinzvimbo chako usati wachisimudzira. Cherechedza basa chairo rinotariswa neongororo, nguva idzo mamiriro ezvinhu akanga asina kujairika, uye chero kusavapo, zororo kana kuchinjirwa basa kwaizoderedza nhamba nekuda kwezvikonzero zvisina chekuita nekushanda kwako. Manotsi epanguva imwe chete anokosha kupfuura kugadziriswazve kwemwedzi mitanhatu gare gare.

Wobva wanyora chikumbiro chako kune waunoshandira, uchitaura kuti uri kushandisa kodzero dzako pasi peGDPR, uchikumbira data rakashandiswa mukuongorora kwako uye tsananguro yepfungwa, uye uchikumbira kuti mumwe munhu ane simba rekuti asvike pamhedziso yakasiyana. Isa nguva yakatarwa; GDPR inoda kuti mushandirwi apindure mukati memwedzi mumwe chete, izvo zvinogona kuwedzerwa muzviitiko zvakaoma. Ramba uchitaura chokwadi, nekuti tsamba iyi inowanzova humbowo.

Kana mushandirwi akasapindura zvakakwana, unogona kunyunyuta kuAutoriteit Persoonsgegevens, uye unogona kuunza gakava kumatare edzimhosva. Kana ongororo iri kushandiswa kutsigira kudzingwa basa kana shanduko mumitemo yako, nzira yebasa inowanzova inoshanda uye inosvika nguva pfupi, saka tora mazano nekukurumidza. Chinyorwa chedu pamusoro pekuchengetedzwa kwedata pasi peGDPR munguva yeAI nebig data chinotsanangura hurongwa hwacho.

Zvinofanira kuitwa nemushandirwi asati avhura system

Kune vashandirwi, kutevedzera mitemo munyaya iyi kunonyanya kuitika panguva imwe chete. Dambudziko rese guru rinomuka nekuti sisitimu yakatengwa ndokutanga yaiswa, uye mibvunzo yepamutemo yakazobvunzwa mushure mezvo.

Tanga nechinangwa. Nyora pasi zviri kuedza kuitwa nesangano uye kuti ndeapi masarudzo achazoitwa nesangano, nekuti zvimwe zvese zvinobva pane izvozvo: data rinogona kutsigirwa, hwaro hwepamutemo, kuongororwa kwenjodzi uye huwandu hwekutarisira kwevanhu hunodiwa. Sisitimu yakatengwa kuti ivandudze kuronga nguva uye yozoshandiswa chinyararire kugadzira faira rekudzingwa ndiyo nzira yekare yekushanda zvisiri pamutemo.

Ita ongororo yekudzivirira data usati waisa basa, kwete segwaro rakagadzirwa gare gare kuti riratidze chisarudzo chatoitwa, uye nyora mhedzisiro yacho. Simbisa uye nyora hwaro hwepamutemo, uchiyeuka kuti mvumo yevashandi haiwanzoshanda. Sarudza kana sisitimu iyi iri mukati mechikamu cheAI Act chine njodzi huru uye, kana ikadaro, nyora zvinosungirwa kune anoisa basa, kusanganisira basa rekuzivisa vamiririri vevashandi nevashandi vanobatanidzwa. Wana mvumo yedare remabasa apo chikamu 27 cheMutemo weWorks Councils chinoshanda, uye batanidzai nekukurumidza kuti pfungwa dzayo dzichinje chimwe chinhu.

Wobva wagadzira kutarisirwa kunodiwa nechikamu 22, woedza kana kuri kwechokwadi. Bvunza kuti ndiani anoongorora mhedzisiro yacho, kana munhu iyeye anogona kuichinja pasina kufanira kutsanangura kutsaudzira kune mukuru, kana vane mamiriro ekutonga, uye kana vane nguva. Kana mhinduro yechokwadi iri yekuti muongorori anoongorora nyaya zana masikati, sangano harina munhu anoritarisira; rine siginecha.

Chekupedzisira, edza zvabuda pane zvinangwa. Ongorora zvabuda muhurongwa uchishandisa hunhu hwakachengetedzwa uye maitiro ekushanda, uye tarisa zvakananga vashandi vanoshanda nguva shoma, vakatora zororo kana vakarwara. Ipa vashandi nzira yakajeka yekubvunza ongororo uye nyora zvinoitika kumatambudziko iwayo. Chengeta magwaro, nekuti mutoro wekuratidza kutevedzera mutemo uri pamushandirwi, uye mukukakavadzana faira ndiro rekudzivirira.

Izvi zvinokusiya kupi

Kutarisira algorithm hakurambidzwi, uye hakusi kupera. Mutemo unoisa muganhu pakati pekuyera nekutonga. Masisitimu anogona kuverenga, kuenzanisa uye kuratidza; vanhu vanofanira kusarudza, kutsanangura uye kutora mutoro. Vashandi vane kodzero yekuziva kuti vari kuongororwa nehurongwa hwakadaro, kunzwisisa zvahunoyera, uye kuva nemunhu anoongororazve chero sarudzo inovabata zvakanyanya. Vashandirwi vanobvuma kugoverwa kwevashandi vanogona kushandisa zvishandiso izvi nechivimbo. Avo vanorega dashboard ichisarudza vachaona kuti Autoriteit Persoonsgegevens kana kantonrechter havagamuchiri mhedzisiro yacho sechinotsiva kuongororwa kwakakodzera.

Law & More inopa mazano kuvashandirwi nezvekuiswa kweAI mukutarisira mashandiro, kubva pakuongorora kukanganisa uye maitiro edare remabasa kusvika pakugadzira kutarisirwa kwevanhu, uye inopa mazano kuvashandi vanosangana neongororo otomatiki yavanoona seyakashata. Kana algorithm iri kushandiswa kutonga basa rako kana basa revashandi vako, tinofara kuongorora chinzvimbo chako newe.

Mibvunzo inowanzo bvunzwa nezve wongororo dzekuita kweAI